Appreciation of Zhu Qiping's representative works

Sunset-A Record of Japan's Signature and Surrender (original Ta Kung Pao 1945+0 1.2).

1at 9: 00 am on September 2, 945 10, I was aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, Japan, about 20 or 30 feet away from the Japanese surrender representatives. I witnessed them sign on behalf of Japan and surrender to the United Nations. This signature has washed away the great shame of the Chinese nation for 70 years. This scene is simple, solemn and solemn, and will never be forgotten. At dawn, everyone began to prepare. The press corps and I boarded the Missouri from another warship after seven o'clock. The main deck of the Missouri is two or three football fields, but it is also very small at this time. I can't walk any further. Everywhere, there are clusters of marines in khaki uniforms and armed with guns, sailors in white uniforms with creases and smiles, officers greeting each other, and more than 200 journalists from all over the world. The gray hull was painted, and the 16-inch cannon pointed obliquely at the sky. Cloudy, covered with gray clouds, the sea breeze blows gently. Ships at sea are like forests, flying the American flag. The deck was crowded with people, all looking at the Missouri. The boat galloped like a galloping horse, the white waves behind it were like training, and the motorcycle roared like a beast. Almost all ships carried officers and men from all over the world to the Missouri for the ceremony. The land can't be seen clearly, lying in the distant early fog. The signature place is on the upper deck outside the general command room on the right side of the warship. Originally, I wanted to borrow an antique wooden box of the British ship George V. Because it was too small, I temporarily changed it into a rectangular table and ate in the sergeant's room of this ship. The table was covered with green cloth. The table is placed horizontally in the lower right corner of the center of the deck, with a chair on each side. There are four or five loudspeakers beside the desk, which can broadcast directly to the United States. The glass door of the general's outdoor door is decorated with woven cotton paintings, and there is an old American flag with 13 stripes and 3 1 star, which is 65 inches long and 62 inches wide. When the United States first brought Perry to Japan for trade with Japan 92 years ago, this flag flew over Japan. Now, the position of the national flag is overlooking the signature desk. The inside of the conference table is where the delegations of the signatory countries of the United Nations stand, and the outside is reserved for the representatives of Japan. On the left side of the table, there will be fifty senior generals of the US Navy and fifty senior generals of the Army on the right. There is a small platform behind the desk for photographers who take movies and photos. The rest were surrounded by reporters, the gun base, the top floor of the general's command room, and the base of each gun were occupied by reporters. I was standing on a wooden platform temporarily built on a 20 cm caliber machine gun, about two or three feet away from the signing desk. On the right front of the main deck, near the entrance and exit of the gangway, there are sailor bands and the honor guard of the Marine Corps, and a small group of energetic and strong sailors are arranged at the mouth. At eight o'clock in the story of the white horse, the reporters all stood in their predetermined positions. General halsey is the commander of the US Third Fleet, and the Missouri is his flagship, so from the standpoint of the guest, he is the master. At this time, he was standing at the entrance and exit happily, shaking hands with the senior generals who boarded the ship. Subsequently, the commander-in-chief of the US Pacific Fleet, General Nimitz, arrived, and General halsey accompanied the boss into the general's command room, and the ship raised the five-star general Nimitz flag. Haier Sai once said such a thing in a conversation with reporters before: he took a fancy to the white horse that the Japanese emperor rode during the military parade. He said that he wanted to ride this famous pony and take part in the parade of American troops on the streets of Tokyo after Japan's defeat. He also said that someone had customized a pair of silver saddles in America and was going to give them to him then. A sergeant also wrote to him from thousands of miles away and gave him a pair of spurs, hoping that he could help him get on the horse at that time. I still remember when the Third Fleet was sweeping the Japanese coast, it was suddenly rumored that the Missouri was building a stable. Now, the stable is not covered, and the silver colt has not crossed the sea, but the Japanese representative has already boarded the ship to sign and surrender. The band kept playing and the generals kept coming. Reporters keep their eyes on all directions, listen to all directions and keep taking notes by hand. Photographers are even more varied, either standing or kneeling, aiming the lens at the lenses everywhere to capture the most meaningful moments. At this time, everyone envied four or five Soviet photographers, two of whom were wearing uniforms of the Red Army. Because they didn't know English, they ran around the boat and took pictures at will. But because our reporter has an order in advance, we can only stand in the same place and wait for English orders, and we can't move at will. At this time, there are more and more people on the upper deck, all of whom are senior generals of the US military. They were full of joy, talking and laughing. I have never seen so many senior officers gathered in such a small place. The delegates arrived at 8: 30 and the music was loud. An official announced that the United Nations signatory delegation had arrived. They set out from Yokohama by destroyer. In an instant, a line of people in different clothes came out from behind the cannon on the main deck. First, China represented General Xu Yongchang. He wore a clean serge uniform and two rows of medals hung on his left chest. After raising his hand to greet the American officer present, he climbed the stairs to the upper deck. Subsequently, representatives from Britain, the Soviet Union, Australia, Canada, France, the Netherlands and New Zealand came up one after another. At this time, the reporter was very busy, and the upper deck became a lively diplomatic entertainment place. For a time, Chinese, British, American English, French, Dutch and Russian styles with slightly different pronunciation and intonation came one after another, laughing and communicating. When I moved, I saw the representative of China wearing a dark gray-yellow military uniform; British representatives wear white short-sleeved uniforms, shorts and stockings; The army representing the Soviet Union wore a light green-brown uniform with long red stripes on its trouser legs, while the navy wore a navy uniform. The French representative was originally wearing a raincoat and crutches, but at this time he also took off his clothes and crutches, revealing a pale yellow khaki uniform; The Australian representative's military hat is also surrounded by a red border ... it is so colorful and there are so many things to see. At 8: 50, the music started again and the Allied Supreme Commander General MacArthur arrived. He also came from Yokohama by destroyer. Nimitz greeted him on the surface of the ship and accompanied him into the general's command room on the upper deck to rest. The ship raised his five-star admiral flag and tied it to Nimitz's admiral flag. On the main mast of the warship, an American flag is flying. The lively diplomatic scene on the upper deck gradually ended. The United Nations delegation stood quietly on the back of the signing desk. Fifty naval generals and fifty army generals headed by General Xu Yongchang were also arranged in the pre-arranged positions. At this time, it was said that the Japanese delegation was coming. I looked eagerly and saw a small boat approaching the iron ladder on the starboard side of the warship. Soon, an American officer took the lead, and then the Japanese came to the main deck from the entrance. A small group of sailors at the entrance saluted the American officer, put down their hands and stood at attention. The band became silent. Shigemitsu Mamoru, the foreign minister of the Japanese delegation, walked with crutches, a real leg and a prosthetic leg on his arm, and someone helped him climb the ladder. He wore a hat and a big dress. When he got on the upper deck, he took off his hat. Then, Umezu Yoshijiro, dressed in military uniform, trudged forward. Among them, 1 1 people stepped onto the upper floor, that is, on the outside of the signature table, facing the conference table for three rows and standing opposite the conference table of the United Nations delegation. At this point, the whole ship was silent, except for the slight hunting sound of the flag hanging high by the sea breeze. Shigemitsu lost a leg in the Battle of Songhu and was blown up by North Korean scholar Yin during the military parade in Hongkou, Shanghai. Mizuho is the former Japanese garrison commander in Tianjin and a famous signatory to the Japan-US agreement. They are all acquaintances of the people of China. They used to be very powerful in our country. Once upon a time, they met again here At nine o'clock sharp, MacArthur, Nimitz and Haier walked out of the general's operating room. MacArthur walked to the front of the megaphone, while Nimitz stood on the right side of General Xu Yongchang, standing in the position of the first representative. Haier Sai was listed in the general naval group, ranking first. MacArthur held a speech in his hand, which was very clear and solemn. He read it word by word into the megaphone. The Japanese delegation stood quietly and listened. MacArthur read it at the end, held his head high and said to the Japanese delegation, "I now order the Japanese emperor and representatives of the Japanese government and the Japanese imperial base camp to sign the surrender at the designated place." After he finished, a Japanese man went to the table, checked the two surrender books in black and white like a big book clip, proved them correct, and then returned to the team. Shigemitsu Mamoru struggled to get close to the signature table, put his hat on the table, leaned against the chair, leaned against the edge of the chair, read the surrender book for about a minute except gloves, then took a fountain pen from his pocket and signed two surrender books respectively. Umezu Yoshijiro signed it immediately. He didn't sit down when signing, except for his right hand wearing gloves and leaning over to sign. At this time, it was 9 o'clock 10, and there was a brisk laugh from the upper deck of the warship. It turned out to be a few young sailors, and one of them was reaching out and lighting Mizu below, talking and laughing. However, in the solemn atmosphere of the whole ship, they soon became silent. MacArthur then announced: "The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces is now signing on behalf of all countries fighting against Japan." Then he turned around and invited general Wei Ruide and general Pan Xifan to accompany him to sign. Wei was the last American general to resist the Japanese army before the fall of the Philippines, and Pan was the commander-in-chief of the British army when Singapore fell. Two men came out, saluted MacArthur and stood behind him. MacArthur sat in a chair and took out a pen to sign. Just wrote a little, then turned around and gave the pen to Wei Ruide. Wei Ruide took out the second pen, wrote a little, and handed it to Pan Xifan. He likes to sign with six pens. After signing, he went back to the loudspeaker and said, "The representative of the United States of America is signing now." At this time, Nimitz came out of the team and asked General Haier Sai and General Simon to sign with him. These two men are his right-hand men. After Haihe left the team, Nimitz took a seat and signed it. After signing, everyone returned to their original positions. MacArthur then announced: "The representative of the Republic of China now signs." Xu Yongchang stepped to the table and signed his name accompanied by Wang Zhi. At this moment, I suddenly looked at the Japanese representatives, who stood there like wood. Subsequently, representatives from Britain, the Soviet Union, Australia, Canada, France, the Netherlands and other countries went out to salute MacArthur when he announced that he was him, and then asked someone to accompany him to sign. Australia has the most escorts, with four people, while the Netherlands and New Zealand have the least, with one person each. The attitude of representatives of various countries when signing is that the United States is the most assured, China is the most serious, Britain is the most happy, and the Soviet Union is the most severe. The Dutch representative discussed it with MacArthur before signing it. After all the signatures were signed, MacArthur and the chief representatives of various countries left and retreated to the general's operating room. According to the watch, it is 9: 18. I was shocked at once, "September 18th"! 193 1 September 18, 2008, the Japanese invaders created the Shenyang incident and immediately invaded the northeast. 1933, we were forced to open to traffic with the puppet Manchukuo, and the train from customs to Peiping arrived at exactly 9: 00 18. Now fourteen years have passed. I didn't expect the Japanese invaders to sign and surrender in Tokyo Bay at this moment. God knows it, this is easy! Surrender is dirty. According to the scheduled procedure, the Japanese representatives should leave immediately with their surrender (the other one is kept by the allied forces), but they still stood there. MacArthur's chief of staff, General Suseland, was originally responsible for handing over the surrender to Japan. At the moment, he is standing at the signing table, talking to the Japanese with a straight face, as if discussing something. Everyone doesn't know what happened, and reporters are talking about it. Later, I saw Su Sailan writing on the surrender book with a pen for a long time, and the Japanese nodded and took it away. Afterwards, I learned that it was the representative of Canada who signed the Japanese surrender, which was one grade lower and occupied the position of French signature. The representative of France followed the wrong place, and then the representatives of various countries signed it wrong. The Dutch representative first discovered this mistake and discussed it with MacArthur. Su Sailan later corrected it with a pen according to the prescribed signature, and attached his signature as proof. The hapless Japanese, even the surrender book is not clean. The Japanese delegation disembarked along the route and left by boat. Before they left the ship, eleven super forts lined up neatly and flew over the Missouri, followed by several super forts. I was counting planes in the sound of planes when I saw the shadows behind me, all flying in the air. They all took off from the aircraft carrier, one after another, many, I don't know how many, all in the sky, and then flew to Tokyo. During the war, the officers and men of the air force made great contributions, and they should have the honor to participate in the enemy's surrender ceremony in such a vast battle. I heard a naive sailor under the age of twenty on the nearby deck solemnly say to his companions, "I can tell this scene to my grandchildren in the future." The sailor's words are right, and we will tell them to future generations and pass them on from generation to generation. However, we must not forget that millions of soldiers bled to death, and tens of millions of people bled to death. Although the final victory came, it cost a lot. Our country is still weak and there are still many problems. We need genuine democratic unity to maintain and carry forward this victory. Otherwise, we will have no face to tell this glorious history to future generations. The old shame has passed, and China should be reborn. (Written on the warship of Yokosuka Port on September 3rd 1945)