People's education edition, the first volume of the seventh grade, the answer to basic biology training

Knowledge and ability training? The first volume of the seventh grade biology, refer to the answer.

Unit 1 Biology and Biosphere

Chapter 1 Understanding Biology

The first section biological characteristics

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 B 3。 C 4 explosive A 5。 B 6。 D 7。 An eight. B 9。 B 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . c 13。 (1) growth and development phenomenon. (2) Reproductive phenomenon. (3) Genetic phenomena. (4) Variation phenomenon. (5) Response to external stimuli.

14.( 1) Biological energy can grow and reproduce. (2) Living things need nutrition. (3) Organisms can respond to external stimuli.

15. The creatures are: old trees, faint crows, thin horses and people; Non-living things are: small bridges, flowing water, ancient roads, westerly winds and sunset.

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16. This is biological. The evidence is that it can absorb carbon dioxide emitted by people, use sunlight to produce a lot of nutrients and exhaust oxygen, and purify the air in the spacecraft. It can also be propagated in two ways, and it can be produced day and night.

2 ~ 3 generations.

Section 2 Biological Investigation of Surrounding Environment

Basic exercises

1.A 2。 A 3。 B 4。 B 5。 C 6。 D 7。 An eight. B 9。 A 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1.D 12。 C 13。 A—b，B—c，C—a

14.( 1) Plants: Ginkgo tree, kelp, Chinese cabbage; Animals: crucian carp, cows, ants; Other organisms: Auricularia auricula, Escherichia coli. (2) Aquatic organisms: kelp and crucian carp; Terrestrial organisms: ginkgo trees, fungi, cows, ants, cabbage and Escherichia coli. 15. Answer prompt: myopia rate = number of myopia ÷ class number × 100%.

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16.( 1) Objective: To investigate the role of pets in people's lives and how to prevent pets from spreading diseases to humans.

(2) Survey methods: interview, consulting materials, etc.

(3) Survey object: pets.

(4) Survey scope: All pets.

(5) Investigation scheme: ① Make an investigation plan;

③ Design a reasonable investigation route;

⑤ Classification, sorting and analysis.

Chapter II Understanding the Biosphere

The relationship between biology and environment

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 A 3。 B 4。 A 5。 C 6。 A seven. D 8。 A nine. D 10。 C

Improve ability

1 1.A 12。 D 13。 ( 1) — D，(2)—

b，(3)— A，

(4)— C

14. Open questions, as long as the answers are correct. Key points: the indiscriminate hunting and killing of wild animals by human beings will reduce the species and quantity of some animals and eventually destroy the ecological balance.

15. Let's assume that a rat girl is suitable for living in a dark environment, and light will affect her life. (reasonable)

Design scheme: (2) Experimental conclusion of light and shade: light and shade lighting.

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16.( 1)B Because B's ears are small and short, heat is not easy to dissipate. (2) Living environment

(3) reduction or even extinction. (4) Planting trees to reduce waste gas emissions (developing green energy, etc.). ).

Section 2 Biology and environment constitute an ecosystem

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 C 3。 B 4。 D 5。 D 6。 B 7。 B 8。 D 9。 C 10。 C

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . b 13。 (1) decomposer (2) solar energy (or sunlight) (3) is incorrect. Because the main feature of producers is that they can make organic matter, but people can't.

14.( 1) Humidity (2) Soil moisture (or wet soil and dry soil). (3) Light, air and temperature (just answer any two, or answer the other two reasonable answers). (4) decomposition

15.( 1)5 grass → mouse → snake → eagle. (2) producers and consumers decompose abiotic parts.

(3) The grass eagle (4) will increase in a short time.

Outward bound training:

16.( 1) Planktonic algae are producers; Zooplankton, fish, shrimp, shellfish, whales and other animals are consumers; Bacteria are decomposers.

(2) Red tide organisms consume a lot of dissolved oxygen in seawater; Algae also produce some toxins, which animals will accumulate in their bodies after eating these algae. These will endanger the survival of animals.

(3) The microcystins are continuously accumulated (enriched) through the food chain. The bigger the fish, the more it is located at the back end of the food chain, the higher the accumulated toxin concentration (or in the same kind of fish, the bigger the fish, the longer its life span, the greater its food intake and the higher its accumulated toxin concentration).

Section 3 The biosphere is the largest ecosystem

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 A 3。 B 4。 D 5。 D 6。 A seven. D 8。 D 9。 A 10。 D

Improve ability

1 1. Biosphere 12. Forest wetland 13. ( 1)-③, (2)-①, (3)-②, (4)-⑥, (5)-④, (6)-

outdoor training

14.( 1) Trees were cut down indiscriminately and forests disappeared in a large area; (2) Overgrazing and grassland desertification; (3) Rivers and lakes are polluted, resulting in "red tide".

Unit 1 Test Questions Answers

First, multiple choice questions

1.D 2。 B 3。 D 4。 D 5。 B 6。 D 7。 D 8。 C 9。 D 10。 C

1 1.D 12。 A 13。 B 14。 D 15。 D 16。 B 17。 B 18。 B 19。 C 20。 A

2 1.D 22。 B 23。 C 24。 B 25。 B 26。 B 27。 C 28。 A handful of 29. A 30. B

3 1.C 32。 A handful of 33. D 34。 A

Second, short answer or fill in the blanks

35.( 1) growth and development (2) reproduction (3) stress

36.× √ √

37.( 1) strawberry (2) carambola (3) Myrica rubra

38. Purpose of investigation: investigation object, investigation scheme, sampling investigation record and analysis.

39.( 1)ACDE·BKL

40.( 1) Control (contrast) (2)A (3) Follow the biological clock and stay up less to avoid unnecessary harm to the body.

4 1.( 1) At noon (2) The experiment was out of control.

42.( 1) 1 (2) The roots of water and air (3) cannot breathe. (4) The number of samples (or garlic seedlings) is small.

43.①× ②√ ③× ④× ⑤×

44.( 1) Producers and consumers (2) Adjustment

45.( 1) 3 food web (2) grass → mouse → eagle (3) eagle (4) lost its self-regulation ability.

Unit 2 Structural Hierarchy of Organisms

Chapter 1 Cells are the basic units of life activities.

Section 1 Practice using a microscope

Basic exercises

1. See figure 2-12.c3.c4.d5.d6.c7.c8.a9.a10.c on page 37 of the textbook.

Improve ability

1 1.( 1) objective eyepiece lens aperture (2) coarse focus spiral fine focus spiral

12.( 1)A

(2)C (3)A 13。 C

14.D 15.2

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16.PBDQ 17。 Spot foam 18. avoid

Section 2 Plant Cells

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 B 3。 B 4。 B 5。 B 6。 D 7。 C 8。 C 9。 C 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1. Transparent 12. Slice daubing assembly 13. Cover glass 14.d 15.b

16.④②③⑤①

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17. See Figure 2-2 on page 45 of the textbook.

Section 3 Animal Cells

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 C 3。 B 4。 A 5。 A six. C

Improve ability

7. Normal saline inner wall glass slide Normal saline cover glass bubble iodine microscope

8.( 1) B (2)[ 1] cell wall (3)[2] cell membrane (4)[4] nucleus (5)[5] vacuole

9. Clean your mouth and reduce impurities.

Maintain the survival state of oral epithelial cells and prevent them from deformation or rupture.

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10. (1) b (2) ① a. Cover the glass again. Pay attention to pick up the cover glass with tweezers, let it touch the water drops on the glass slide first, and then slowly put it down. Avoid bubbles. ② c. Wipe the glass slide and cover the glass with clean gauze. ③ Ding, re-cover the cover glass. Before this, pay attention to repeatedly dipping toothpicks in normal saline on the glass slide to disperse oral epithelial cells.

Section 4 Cell Life

Basic exercises

1.B 2。 B 3。 D 4。 C 5。 C 6。 A seven. D 8。 B 9。 D 10。 D

Improve ability

1 1. chloroplast mitochondria 12. Optical energy, chemical energy, organic chemical energy

13.d 14.a 15。 Mitochondria provide energy for cell life activities. There are more mitochondria in cells with vigorous life activity, which shows that the structure of cells is suitable for their functions.

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16.( 1)3

(2)B

A C B (3) The genetic material of Dolly lamb mainly comes from B "mother".

(4) Genetic substances mainly exist in the nucleus (the nucleus controls the development and inheritance of organisms).

Chapter II How Cells Form Organisms

The first cell divides to produce new cells.

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 D 3。 D 4。 D 5。 B 6。 A seven. D 8。 D 9。 C 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1.C 12。 A

13.( 1) Growth and division (2) Chromosome

outdoor training

14.( 1) Nucleic acid protein (2) Chromosome, DNA and gene (3) The same replication.

Section 2 Structural Levels of Animal Bodies

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 D 3。 A 4。 C 5。 A six. B 7。 D 8。 D 9。 C 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . a 13。 (1) division number (2) growth volume (3) differentiated tissue.

outdoor training

14.( 1) Division and differentiation (2) Nerve connection (3) Organ system

Section III Structural Levels of Plants

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 A 3。 B 4。 C 5。 D 6。 C 7。 C 8。 C 9。 B 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . b 13。 (1) Protect (2) Nutrition (3) Transport (4) Organs

outdoor training

14.( 1) Cell fluid vacuoles (2) Protect nutrition (3) Transport tissues and organs (4)

The fourth quarter single-celled organisms

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 C 3。 C 4 explosive A 5。 A six. B 7。 An eight. B 9。 D 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1 . d 12 . b 13 . b 14。 (1) [7] Cilia (2)[9] Oral groove [10] Food vacuole (3) [8.

(4)[6] Honeycomb anus

outdoor training

15. Hint: (1) Why is there the most paramecium on the surface of culture medium?

(2) The surface water temperature is higher than that of the bottom water, and the surface water contains more oxygen, sufficient sunlight and more food. ...

(3) The scheme should be based on assumptions. For example, set different temperature environments and observe what kind of temperature conditions are more suitable for paramecium life.

Unit 2 Test Questions Answers

First, multiple choice questions

1.B

2.B 3。 C 4 explosive C 5。 A six. B

7.C 8。 C 9。 D 10。 B

1 1.D 12。 C 13。 A 14。 C 15。 C 16。 C 17。 C 18。 B 19。 D 20。 B

2 1 .22. D 23。 D 24。 B 25。 D 26。 C 27。 A handful of 28. D 29。 C 30。 B

3 1.D 32。 A handful of 33. C 34。 A handful of 35. C 36。 C 37。 D

Second, short answer or fill in the blanks

38.( 1) [2] cell membrane [4] nucleus [6] cytoplasm [2] [1] cell wall [3] chloroplast [5] vacuole

39.( 1) cell wall (2) cell membrane (3) cytoplasm (4) nucleus (5) vacuole

40.( 1) Nucleus (2)DNA protein DNA (3) Gene (4) D.

4 1.( 1) Gene (2) Chromosome cell membrane

42. (1) ②→→→→→→① (2) Cytoplasmic Mitochondria (3)BAC

43.( 1) Dividing and differentiating tissue (2) A

44.( 1) Skin protection (2) Transportation

Catheter sieve vein mesophyll (3)

Nutrition (4) organs

45.( 1) 55 (2) Yeast, paramecium, Chlamydomonas, Entamoeba (3) Single cell, single cell, biological magnifying glass (4) Water to other organisms.

Unit 3 Green Plants in the Biosphere

Chapter 1 What green plants are there in the biosphere?

Section 1 Algae, Bryophytes and Ferns

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 D 3。 B 4。 A

5.D 6。 C 7。 D

8.D 9。 D

10.C

Improve ability

1 1 . a 12 . b 13 . b 14。 Spores of leaves, stems and roots of ferns.

outdoor training

15.( 1) Does detergent affect seed germination and growth? (2) Growth inhibition (3) Control

Section 2 Seed Plants

Basic exercises

1.B 2。 C 3。 B 4。 B 5。 C 6。 B 7。 An eight. B 9。 B 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1.D 12。 A 13。 ( 1)A

②CBAD 14。 Seed plant gymnosperm

Angiosperm pericarp

Naked green flowering plants 15. angiosperm

outdoor training

16.( 1)E cotyledon j endosperm (2) cotyledon endosperm (3) endosperm becomes blue starch.

Chapter II Life of Angiosperms

Section 1 Seed Germination

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 B 3。 D 4。 A 5。 A six. A seven. C 8。 A nine. C 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1.A 12。 C 13。 (1) No.2 flowerpot should be properly watered. (2) Light has no effect on mung bean germination.

14.( 1) Insufficient moisture, insufficient air and unsuitable temperature (2) Incomplete embryo or death.

15.( 1) water (2) radicle hypocotyl (3) root embryo

outdoor training

16.( 1) Seeds need water for germination. (2) Explore whether air is needed for seed germination. (3) Add a device like B and put an opaque box on the device cover.

Section 2 Plant Growth

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 D 3。 B 4。 C 5。 A six. D 7。 D 8。 B 9。 A 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1.A 12。 B 13。 (1) [2] meridian zone [3] elongation zone (2)[ 1] root cap zone [4] mature zone and soil contact zone 65438+.

15.( 1) There are no inorganic salts in distilled water (2) Control (3) Plants need inorganic salts all their lives.

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16.A

Section 3 Flowering and Fruiting

Basic exercises

1.A 2。 A 3。 A 4。 C 5。 A six. D 7。 B 8。 C 9。 D 10。 B

Improve ability

1 1.A 12。 C 13。 Peel embryo 14. (1) stamens and pistils (2)[6] anthers pollinate.

(3)[3] ovary [1 1] ovule fertilized egg 15. (1) pollen tube (2) ovary wall (3) embryo

(4) Sperm

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16. Guess 2: Color correlation.

Experimental steps and operations: honey, hanging on the branches.

Data to be recorded: the number of bees

Unit 3 (Chapters 1 and 2) Answers to Test Questions

First, multiple choice questions

1.D 2。 D 3。 B 4。 A 5。 C 6。 A seven. B 8。 D 9。 B 10。 B

1 1.C 12。 B 13。 B 14。 C 15。 C 16。 C 17。 B 18。 C 19。 A 20. C

2 1.C 22。 B 23。 B 24。 C 25。 D 26。 A handful of 27. D 28。 D 29。 B 30。 A

3 1.B 32。 C 33。 B 34。 D 35。 B 36。 A 37. A pair of 38. C 39。 B 40。 C

4 1.C 42。 D

Second, short answer or fill in the blanks

43.( 1) Nephropteris, Pinus tabulaeformis, Sunflower (2) Spore (3) Pumpkin.

44.( 1) Pericarp seed Pericarp (2) Fruit seed naked

45.( 1)①②④⑤ ⑦⑧⑨⑾ ④⑦ ②⑨ (2)⑤ ⑾ (3)⑩

46.( 1) There is not enough air and proper temperature. (2) Seed germination needs sufficient water, air and suitable temperature. (3) The embryo is incomplete (or dead or dormant)

47. (1) lateral bud of terminal bud (2)[ 1] growing point (3)[3] bud axis of young leaves [4]

48.( 1) 14522 (2) pollination (3)⑥ (4) grafting

Chapter III Water Cycle of Green Plants and Biosphere

Basic exercises

1.D 2。 A 3。 D 4。 B 5。 D 6。 B 7。 D 8。 B 9。 D 10。 D

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . c 13。 (1) Transport nutrition (2) There are more chloroplasts in palisade tissue (3)[5] Vein ducts.

(4) Stomatal guard cells 14. ( 1)D (2)A (3)B，c

(4) The stomata of the lower epidermis are more than those of the upper epidermis. 15.( 1) Primitive ocean (2) Seed germination needs a certain amount of water (3) An important part of plants.

(4) Promoting water circulation in the biosphere.

(5) Industrial water should be recycled; Agricultural water should be changed from flood irrigation to drip irrigation; Domestic water should be saved.

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16.( 1) Transpiration During the day, cover a normally growing leafy branch with a dry and sealed plastic bag and place it in the light. After a period of time, small water droplets appeared on the inner wall of the plastic bag, which proved that water was emitted from the plant to the outside in a gaseous state. (2) Thin cell wall, less cytoplasm and large vacuoles. (3) Keep the contents of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere stable.

Chapter IV Green plants are producers of organic matter in the biosphere.

Basic exercises

1.C 2。 A 3。 D 4。 A 5。 C 6。 B 7。 D 8。 C 9。 B 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . d 13。 ( 1) ② ⑥ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤ ⑤

Chloroplast-free (3) light is a necessary condition for photosynthesis 15. (1) control (2)D (3)① light (light) ② chloroplast.

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16. Answer prompt: Cut the opaque material that is not afraid of flooding into the word "Fu" and stick it on the surface of the growing fruit.

Chapter V Carbon and Oxygen Balance between Green Plants and Biosphere

Section 1 Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide and releases oxygen

Basic exercises

1.B 2。 A 3。 D 4。 B 5。 B 6。 C 7。 An eight. D 9。 C 10。 D

Improve ability

1 1 . a 12 . c 13。 Carbon dioxide (and) water; Chloroplast photoorganics (starch) (and) oxygen; Chemical energy organic matter (starch) 14. (1) Carbon dioxide (2) exhausts starch in plant leaves.

(3) Control (4)

15.( 1) Transpiration of carbon dioxide organic matter (2) water vapor

outdoor training

16. Answer prompt: The closer the Ceratophyllum is to the light source, the more bubbles it produces; The stronger the light, the stronger the photosynthesis.

The respiration of green plants in the second quarter

Basic exercises

1.B 2。 C 3。 A 4。 B 5。 A six. D 7。 D 8。 C 9。 B 10。 A

Improve ability

1 1 . c 12 . d 13。 Is the gas released by plant respiration carbon dioxide? Photosynthesis of turbid stomata

14.( 1) oxygen (2) experimental light for photosynthesis control (3) transpiration xylem (4) respiration of carbon dioxide.

15.( 1) Absorb carbon dioxide in the air and eliminate interference. (2) The clarified limewater in equipment C becomes turbid. (3) The speed of air introduction can be controlled by controlling the speed of water flow. /gas can be collected. /Prevent external gas from entering the C equipment from the right. (just answer a little)

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16.( 1) Breathe

Carbon dioxide photosynthesis (2) transpiration

(3) Weakening

Chapter VI Caring for Vegetation and Greening the Motherland

Basic exercises

1.A 2。 B 3。 D 4。 C 5。 B 6。 B 7。 D 8。 A nine. A 10。 C

Improve ability

11.c12.a13.0.145 hectares 1/4 14. China people * * * and national forest law 65438+. (2) Photosynthetic transpiration

(3) Vegetation types.

outdoor training

16.( 1) Destroying the environment and chopping down trees will make all living things on earth, including human beings, lose their homes. (2) Tips: ① Hump is the most popular one now; /② Hey, Brother Camel, we are more and more like you; /3 Dare to ask where my home is? /4 Life on the "sand ball".

Unit 3 (Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5 and Chapter 6) Answers to Test Questions

First, multiple choice questions

1.A 2。 D 3。 B 4。 D 5。 C 6。 D 7。 An eight. C 9。 D 10。 D

1 1.B 12。 C 13。 D 14。 A 15。 C 16。 C 17。 B 18。 D 19。 A 20. C

2 1.B 22。 C 23。 A 24. D 25。 D 26。 D 27。 A handful of 28. C 29。 D 30。 B

3 1.B 32。 C 33。 B 34。 D 35。 A pair of 36. D 37。 C 38。 B 39。 B 40。 A

Second, short answer or fill in the blanks

4 1.( 1) Epidermal mesophyll (2) Stomatal guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata (3) Chloroplast.

Photosynthesis (4) Water, inorganic salts, and organic matter in conduit sieve.

42.( 1) Chloroplast oxygen (2) and light (3) should be planted reasonably close.

43. transpiration water (water) photosynthesis respiration.

44.( 1) Artificial pollination (2) Reasonable close planting (3) Take as much soil as possible from the roots to protect young roots and root hairs or remove some leaves to reduce transpiration.

45.( 1) Absorbing inorganic salts (2) The concentration of respiratory soil solution is greater than that of root hair cell fluid. Breathing consumes organic matter at low temperature.

46.( 1) III (or 3) (2) ① Group A: suitable temperature for darkness; Group B: suitable temperature for sufficient illumination.

② Same materials (same number of leek seedlings or same number of garlic seedlings) (3) Group A: turn yellow, and Group B: turn green.

47. Photosynthesis (photosynthesis makes organic matter; Or raw materials for photosynthesis) at 20℃, the respiration is weakened, and the organic matter consumption is reduced (or the respiration is reduced, and the organic matter consumption is reduced).

48.( 1) transpiration (2) oxygen photosynthesis (3) carbon dioxide respiration.

49. The gas released by plant respiration is carbon dioxide, which becomes turbid and stomatal photosynthesis.

50. Coniferous forests of deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest in grassland desert rainforest.

The answer to the final comprehensive evaluation question

First, multiple choice questions

1.B 2。 B 3。 C 4 explosive A 5。 A six. D 7。 B 8。 D 9。 B 10。 A

1 1.D 12。 C 13。 B 14。 D 15。 A 16。 C 17。 B 18。 B 19。 A 20. B

2 1.C 22。 D 23。 C 24。 D 25。 A 26. B 27。 D 28。 C 29。 D 30。 C

3 1.B 32。 C 33。 D 34。 B 35。 C 36。 A 37. C 38。 C 39。 C 40。 A

4 1.C 42。 B 43。 D 44。 C 45。 A 46. C 47。 D 48。 A 49. B 50。 B

5 1 .52. A handful of 53. D

54.( 1)—C(2)—A(3)—D(4)—E(5)—B(6)—G(7)—F

Second, short answer or fill in the blanks

55.( 1) 12433(3) gene detection

56.( 1) Reduce the error and make the result more accurate, true and reliable. (2) The corner and under the brick are damp. (3) 1

Whether there is light or not (4) high temperature and low temperature (5) dry and wet water (6) put the mouse and girl back in an environment suitable for their survival. Love life and animals.

57. Green plants are fragile.

58.( 1) 5 Material and energy of food web in the predator-prey relationship.

(3) relatively stable automatic adjustment ability

59.( 1) A (2)[ 1] Cell membrane [2] Nucleus [3] [5] Chromosomes are the same (4) Chloroplast

60.( 1) fertilized egg (2) cell division chromosome (3) cell differentiation (4) system (5) digestion

6 1.( 1) splinter cell cell differentiation (2) differentiation (3) nutritional protection.

62.( 1) water [7] cilia [2] [9] oral sulcus

[10] food vacuole

(3)[8] Surface film

(4)[ 1] collecting pipe

[2] contraction vacuole [5] [6] anode [6] chloroplast consumer [7] oxygen

63.( 1) gymnosperms of Pinus and Ginkgo (2) Apples and pears protect seeds and help them spread.

(3) the embryo is destroyed

64.( 1) Seed germination needs sufficient water (2)2 3 (3) There is no suitable air.

65.( 1) control variable method (2) control (3) inorganic salts are needed for plant growth.

66.( 1) Ovule fruit with ovules on the ovary wall

Seed (2)①

⑤

67.( 1) Water inorganic salt conduit (2) Pore carbon dioxide (3) Organic sieve

(4) Stomatal transpiration

68.( 1) Inorganic salts in soil were absorbed by willow. (2) light, carbon dioxide, temperature, etc. (Answer at least 2).

(3) The transpiration of photosynthetic raw materials reduces the temperature of plants and promotes the transportation of water and inorganic salts.

69.( 1) Oxygen, carbon dioxide and oxygen (2) Plants can't carry out photosynthesis in the dark, and the oxygen in the device is used up, and the mice die due to lack of oxygen; Prolonged hypoxia

70. Wet heat