The witness recalled the surrender of the Japanese Kwantung Army: Japanese soldiers' hats were facing backward.

Kang is a retired worker of Supply and Marketing Cooperative in Yutai County, Shandong Province, a national first-class photographer, and a member of the second, third, fourth and fifth sessions of Yutai County. 194 1 year, 6-year-old Kang fled with his parents from his hometown in Shandong to Harbin in Northeast China, where he lived until the liberation of the whole country before returning to his hometown in Shandong. The Kang family used to live near the Japanese military camp. When he and his children were playing in front of the Japanese military camp, they witnessed the historic scene of Japanese surrender.

Japanese children bully others at school.

My name is Kang Deng Qin. I was born in February 1935. My home is Yuanji Village, Huayu Town, Jinxiang County, Shandong Province. 194 1 year, I am 6 years old, and my family life is very difficult. Father Kang Yulin took his family to make a living outside the customs. After more than 20 days of running around, a family of more than ten people finally arrived in Harbin and found Kang who had lived in Harbin for many years. Kang worked as a coolie in the Kanghuo Mill (flour mill) run by the Japanese and the old Japanese grain depot. After his introduction, my father and several capitalists followed suit.

The income from hard work is very low, and I can barely fill my stomach. Father carries a 200 kg grain bag from the car to the warehouse every day. My father died in 1947, when he was only 34 years old because of heavy work. My father doesn't want me to be a coolie like him when I grow up, so he wants to send me to school. Later, he sent me to a government-run school. People are commonly known as "foreign learning" and don't have to pay tuition fees. At that time, Westernization was a government-run school run by the Puppet Manchukuo, which was actually controlled by the Japanese. Students usually study Chinese and Japanese. Most of the teachers in the school are from China, and a few are Japanese. There are more than 50 students in our class, of whom more than 40 are Japanese children, all children of Japanese Kwantung Army officers. Japanese children in our class often bully us because their parents are Japanese officers.

1944 autumn, one afternoon after school, I took four or five children from China home, including my neighbor Kim. At this time, six or seven Japanese children in the third and fourth grades passed by us. They deliberately provoked us and beat us, and several China children scuffled with them. These Japanese children are usually spoiled, fighting is not our opponent, and we beat them to tears. Several Japanese children took this matter to school and said that we bullied them. In order to please the Japanese, the teacher forced us to write an examination, and also gave us corporal punishment and beat our left palm with a bamboo board. About seven or eight days later, on our way home from school, we met those Japanese children again. Several Japanese children laughed at us and scolded us with glee when they knew that we were physically punished by the teacher. We were all very angry, so we went up and knocked them down and gave them a good beating. The place where we fought was in front of a Japanese military camp in nangang district. This Japanese military camp is relatively large, with a large number of Japanese troops stationed. Locals call it a "big barracks", and adults say there are thousands of Japanese troops stationed inside. Outside the barracks is a circle of barbed wire, and inside is a big playground where dozens of Japanese soldiers often practice.

Witnessed Japan's surrender.

Later, I learned that among the Japanese children who were beaten up by us, several children's parents were senior officers of the Japanese Kwantung Army. In order to please the Japanese army, the school expelled us all. My father didn't want me to drop out of school, so he had to find a private school and pay 15 yuan tuition every month, which kept me in school for about half a year. Later, I really couldn't afford the tuition, so I had to drop out of school. In this way, after about half a year, the Japanese army surrendered.

Although nearly 70 years have passed, I still clearly remember what I saw on the day when the Japanese surrendered. After reading the relevant information, I realized that it should be 1945 August 15. At about 1 1 that morning, several children and I were outside the Japanese military camp in nangang district, watching the Japanese training on the playground through the barbed wire of the military camp. At that time, there were at least hundreds of Japanese soldiers training on the playground. Suddenly, the alarm sounded in the barracks. After the alarm sounded, I saw the Japanese soldiers stop training. An officer came forward and spoke Japanese with them for a while. Then I saw Japanese soldiers with rifle bayonets facing up and rifle butts facing down, and a dozen rifles piled vertically on the playground. Then, a scene that shocked us even more appeared: Japanese soldiers turned their hats upside down, with the brim backward and the streamer of their hats forward, and then all raised their hands and listened to the officer's speech together. We are all surprised to see this. It's noon now, so we go home for dinner. On the way home, I heard the adults say excitedly, "Have you heard? Little Japan surrendered! " "Great, the devil is finished!" "The Japanese devils are finished, and we are no longer a conquered nation." Only then did I know that Japan had surrendered!

The Soviet Red Army came by warship.

Then one day, just after breakfast, I heard from my neighbors that the Soviet Red Army was coming with warships, and many people ran to the Songhua River to see it. Kim and other children followed the crowd to the river. On the riverbank, I saw ships everywhere, including big warships and smaller iron boats. At first glance, there were many Soviet Red Army soldiers armed with submachine guns. At that time, the riverside was full of onlookers, many of whom held small flags and shouted the slogan "Welcome to the Soviet Red Army". The scene is more lively than during the Chinese New Year. The Soviet Red Army then entered the Japanese barracks and took over the barracks.

At that time, my children and I often went to the gate of the military camp to play, and saw many Japanese soldiers standing honestly on the playground, listening to Soviet officers. Many Japanese businessmen and expatriates who did not live in barracks were also concentrated in barracks by the Soviet Red Army. In the next few months, we can obviously feel the social chaos and often hear gunshots. Many soldiers of the Soviet Red Army have poor military discipline and often buy things without giving money. There are also many Soviet soldiers who openly rob things in the street and shoot when they meet resistance. Surprisingly, the military discipline of the Soviet Red Army is still very strict. I have seen Soviet soldiers rob things in the street several times, and a Soviet officer came behind them. The robbed man quickly told them about the robbery by Soviet soldiers. After listening, the Soviet officer took out his pistol and fired at the robbed Soviet soldiers. We were scared to death after reading it, and we were puzzled at the same time. Since the military discipline of the Soviet Red Army is so strict, how can some soldiers have such poor military discipline?

Decades later, I read the memoirs of Wu Xiuquan, Lv Qing and others in newspapers and periodicals, only to know that the Soviet Red Army suffered heavy casualties in the fierce battle with the Germans, which led to insufficient manpower supplement, and many criminals joined the army in the later period of the war. Lu Dongsheng, commander of the Eighth Route Army Northeast Songhuajiang Military Region, was killed for preventing Soviet soldiers from robbing the road. The commander of the Eighth Route Army Military Region is still like this, and the experience of ordinary people can be imagined. This chaotic situation lasted for several months, and some bad guys also took the opportunity to steal and rob. Someone took advantage of the chaos to tear down the building of the Japanese barracks and remove the wood from the building. The Soviet army also dismantled the machinery and equipment of many factories and transported them to the Soviet Union by train. There is a Japanese warehouse in the bungalow area. The warehouse is very large, which stores a lot of materials such as grain, oil and cloth. It was also burned. The fire in the warehouse alone burned for days.