Original text and translation of "Extracurricular Ancient Poetry Recitation" for junior middle school students

Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains (Southern Dynasties) Wu Jun

Smoke is seen on the mountains, and the setting sun is glimpsed in the bamboos. Birds fly up to the eaves, and clouds come out of the window.

①Mountain: The place where the mountains and the sky meet. ②Peep (kuī): Look through the gap. ③Eaves (yán): eaves, eaves.

Translation The mountain peaks are surrounded by bursts of mist and mist, and the afterglow of the setting sun falls through the gaps in the bamboo forest

Birds are flying happily on the eaves, and the white clouds are unexpectedly Floated out of the window.

Appreciation

This little poem uses a simple line drawing method to show the evening scene of a mountain dwelling, just like a wonderful sketch. It is one of the three poems in "Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains". It describes the tranquility of the mountain living environment and expresses the leisurely mood.

Shen Deqian said that it "describes scenery in four sentences and has a unique style of its own".

Appreciation 1:

These four lines of poems describing scenery have a style of their own. Before each sentence, if the three words "look at that" are read in succession, a wonderful picture will be displayed in front of our eyes, and a beautiful movement will sound. Du Fu's poem "Quatrains": "Two orioles sing in the green willows, and a row of egrets ascend to the blue sky. The window contains the snow of Qianqiu in the West Ridge, and the ship thousands of miles away from the East Wu is moored at the door." Look around, feel emotional at every touch, and combine different scenery, It is used to form a special environment and give people a fresh feeling. This is the style used.

Appreciation 2:

The poem describes the interesting life of the poet living in the mountains: surrounded by mountain peaks, lush bamboo trees, birds flying on the eaves of other people's houses, and clouds floating from the windows. come out. This secluded residence wipes away all the dust of the world and expresses the poet's comfortable and leisurely mood casually and vividly.

The whole poem is only four short sentences, each sentence contains a scene, but each sentence is inseparable from the theme of "in the mountains". Smoke fills the valley and floats between the peaks. This is a common phenomenon in the quiet and deep mountains. As the sun sets in the west, its slanting rays can only be glimpsed through the gaps in the bamboo forest. From this, we can see the lush greenness of the bamboo forest, and the tranquility of the mountains has been conveyed in the first two sentences. The flying birds on the eaves come and go, and the white clouds pass through the windows, which all show that the terrain where the poet lives is high and steep, and among the lush forests and bamboos, birds always perch in front of and behind the eaves, reflecting the tranquility, detachment, and remoteness of the mountain residence. hubbub.

Shen Deqian said of this poem: "The four sentences describe the scenery, and it has its own style." This means that this little poem concentrates all the pen and ink on the description of the scenery, unlike the general expression of emotions from the scenery to the people or from the scenery. The structure is different and a new format is opened. In fact, although each of these four sentences is a scene, there are always people in it. For example, the words "see" and "pee" in the first two sentences indicate that there are clearly people behind the scene, and the scene written is only what people can see. Scenery is not a purely objective description. As for the words "on the eaves" and "in the window" in the third or fourth sentences, the existence of people is more clearly revealed. Moreover, the poet's joy of living in the mountains is hinted at in the description of the scene, and his tranquil and detached state of mind can also be seen here.

Wu Jun is a master at writing landscapes. The reason why these four short poems can outline the characteristics of mountain dwelling lies in the author's proper choice of observation angle. "Smoke" is seen from the "mountain", "sunset" is seen from the bamboo, "birds" are on the eaves, and "clouds" come out of the window. In this way, it is unusual to write about mountains, sunset, birds and clouds. , and it takes on the subjective color of what the poet saw in his mountain home, and has a typical meaning. Just like photography, the same object is captured, but everyone has their own angle. A successful work can always take a novel and ingenious angle to capture the characteristics and interest of the scene. Wu Jun's imitation of mountains and rivers is exactly the same.

Zhuli Pavilion (Tang Dynasty)

1. You Huang: You means deep, and Huang means bamboo forest. 2. Whistle: The mouth makes a long and crisp sound, similar to whistling.

3. Deep forest: refers to "deep forest". 4. Take a photo: Corresponds to "sitting alone", which means sitting alone in the dark bamboo with no one to accompany you. Only the bright moon seems to understand people's thoughts and comes to take a photo.

Translation: Sitting alone in the deep bamboo forest, playing the piano and screaming. No one knows about the deep mountain forest, and the bright moonlight shines from the sky.

Appreciation (1) This is a poem about the leisure life of a hermit. The poem's use of words, descriptions of scenery (hull, deep forest, bright moon), and descriptions of people (sitting alone, playing the piano, and screaming) are all very ordinary. However, the beauty of it is that it uses a natural and plain style to depict the fresh and attractive artistic conception of the moonlit night forest, blending the scene into one, and containing a special kind of beautiful artistic charm, making it an eternal masterpiece. Playing the piano and whistling, it contrasts with the tranquility of the bamboo forest on a moonlit night, and the light and shadow of the bright moon contrasts with the darkness of the deep forest. On the surface, it seems plain and simple, but it seems to be written casually, but it is actually a masterpiece of ingenuity and extraordinary skill.

This poem also expresses a quiet and peaceful state. The first two sentences describe the poet sitting alone in the deep and dense bamboo forest, playing the strings and making a long whistle. In fact, both "playing the piano" and "whistling" reflect the poet's elegant, leisurely, transcendent and refined temperament, which is not easy to arouse the excitement of others. So the last two sentences say: "People in the deep forest don't know that the bright moon comes to shine." This means that even though I live in a deep forest, I don't feel lonely because the bright moon still shines on me all the time.

The technique of personification is used here, and the shining moon is regarded as a close friend, which shows the poet's novel and unique imagination. The style of the whole poem is quiet and leisurely, as if the poet's state of mind and the natural scenery are integrated into one.

This little poem has four sentences in total. When we take it apart, we find that there is neither touching scenery nor touching love words; we can neither find which word is poetry nor which sentence is warning.

When describing scenery in the poem, only six characters are used to form three words, namely: "Youhuang", "Deep Forest" and "Mingyue". To use the word "bright" to describe the brightness of the moon that shines on the earth, there is nothing new or clever to say. It is a common statement that everyone uses. As for the word "篁" in the first sentence and the word "林" in the third sentence, they are actually the same thing. They are a repeated description of the bamboo forest where the poet is in. Adding the words "secluded" and "deep" in front of the bamboo forest just means that It is neither the "three poles and two poles of bamboo" mentioned in Yu Xin's "Ode to the Small Garden", nor is it the "twelve bamboo poles sparse under the eaves" mentioned in Liu Zongwu's poem "Qingshuiyi Congzhu", but a piece of bamboo. Deep and dense bamboo forest. Here, it seems that the scene in front of you has been written out casually, without any effort to describe or paint it.

When describing character activities in the poem, only six characters are used to form three words, namely: "sitting alone", "playing the piano", and "shouting". For the characters, there is neither a description of their playing and whistling, nor an expression of their joy, anger, sorrow, and joy; for the sound and whistling of the piano, no pen and ink is spent on describing their tones and emotions.

On the surface, the wording and expressions in the four lines of the poem are ordinary. But when the four lines of poetry are put together, they have their own wonderful meaning and realm, which contains a special artistic charm. The beauty of this masterpiece from the "Wangchuan Collection" by the author Wang Wei is that it displays such an artistic conception that people are naturally attracted to. It does not win by words, but sees beauty from the whole. Its beauty lies in its spirit rather than its appearance. To appreciate its beauty, one should also focus on its spirit, and its spirit is contained in its artistic conception. In terms of artistic conception, it not only gives people a feeling of "serene and unconventional" as Shi Buya said ("Poetry of Xian Maid"), but also makes people feel that the scenery of this secluded forest on a moonlit night is so empty, bright and clear, The people who were playing the piano and screaming were so at ease and free from all worries, and the external scene and the internal situation were seamlessly integrated. In terms of language, we can see the taste from nature, and the high rhyme from plainness. The beauty of its style, characterized by nature and plainness, complements the beauty of its artistic conception.

It is conceivable that the poet met the quiet and pure attributes of the bamboo forest and the bright moon in a state of tranquility and purity of mind, and then composed the poem. The formation of the artistic conception of the poem depends entirely on the consistency of the character's character and the intrinsic quality of the scene being written, without having to resort to external color. Therefore, when poets get together with things, emotions and scenery, they can, as Sikong Tu said in "Poetry: Nature", "Look wherever you find it, don't take the neighbors, go where you want, and start to make spring." Enter the artistic world of "Thin words and enlightenment, long and long days". Of course, the saying "everything is available" here does not mean that the poet has no choice in the materials and picks them up at will; the saying "hands on to make spring" does not mean that the poet has no arrangements when he takes charge of the material and writes it at will. In describing the surrounding scenery in the poem, the bamboo forest and the bright moon were chosen, which are consistent with the quiet and pure environment to be shown; in the poem to express self-feelings, playing the piano and shouting were chosen, which were chosen to be consistent with the quiet and pure environment to be expressed. A quiet and pure state of mind. This is a scene and an event, and the reason why he wrote about this scene and this incident has its own mature poetic thoughts. Judging from the combination of the whole poem, the poet not only wrote about the moonlit night in the forest, but also wrote about playing the piano and shouting, which used sound to bring out the tranquility. As for the last sentence of the poem, which is written when the moon comes to shine, it not only contrasts well with the "people don't know" in the previous sentence, but also plays a role in breaking up the dark night. The contrast between sound and silence, as well as light and shadow, is both masterfully arranged and used with ingenuity. (From "This little poem has four sentences in total. If you take it apart, you can see that there is neither touching scenery nor touching love words; neither can I find any word..." This paragraph is quoted from Shanghai Dictionary Page 182 of the "Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry" by the publisher, author Chen Bangyan. We should not quote other people's articles without citing the source. This is the minimum respect for the author and the minimum principle of writing)

2. " Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo, playing the piano and whistling loudly, I don’t know the people in the deep forest, but the bright moon shines upon me." This is one of the quatrains in "Wangchuan Collection" written by Wang Wei, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty.

Let's look at the first two sentences first: "Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo, playing the piano and roaring." Huang refers to the bamboo forest; Xiao refers to the sound made by the mouth. The poet believed in Buddhism in his early years, had detached thoughts, and had a bumpy official career. After the age of forty, he lived a semi-official and semi-hidden life. As he himself said: "In his later years, he just loved to be quiet and didn't care about anything." So he often sat alone in the deep bamboo forest and played the guqin to express his lonely feelings. But the sound of the piano seemed not enough to vent my depression, so I let out a long whistle. An allusion is borrowed here. According to Liu Yiqing's "Shishuoxinyu·Qiyi": "The roar of Ruan infantry can be heard hundreds of steps." Ruan infantry is Ruan Ji. He was one of the famous "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" in the Han and Wei Dynasties. He, Jikang and others Dissatisfied with the feudal ethics and the internal struggle for power within the ruling class, he often gathered in the bamboo forest to express his ambitions. Ruan Ji roared in the bamboo forest, and his voice was heard hundreds of paces, and it became a good story. Wang Wei lived in a bamboo forest, shouting like Ruan Ji, comparing himself to Ruan Ji, expressing his dissatisfaction with the powerful traitors. The character of bamboo is that its leaves are like arrowheads, its texture is like a solid stone, its stem can be broken but its straightness cannot be changed, its body can be burned but its joints cannot be destroyed.

The poet sits alone in the quiet bamboo, which obviously means that he has the same integrity as the green bamboo.

Look at the last two sentences: "People in the deep forest don't know that the bright moon comes to shine." This further exaggerates the lonely mood and atmosphere. The bright moon shines on each other, which not only means sitting for a long time and sitting in the east of the bright moon, but more importantly, it means that only the bright moon in the sky is a confidant. The bright moon is a symbol of noble people. It shines alone in the blue sky and blue sea. Isn't it also like a poet? Therefore, Wang Wei regarded him as a close "friend". Writing this way is also good for describing natural scenery. The dark bamboo forest makes people think of dark green and feels lonely and melancholy. The picture is dim. Now suddenly "the bright moon comes to shine", making the dark bamboo forest sprinkled with a silvery color. This change seems to add A burst of vitality, a layer of poetry, and the feeling of loneliness were swept away. The bamboo forest, the bright moon, and the poet all melted into the quiet and harmonious night.

This short poem of only twenty words contains scenes and emotions (the quiet scene, the feeling of solitude), sounds and colors (the sound of the piano, the color of the moon in the forest), silence and movement. (Sitting alone and playing whistle), there is reality and imaginary (the first two sentences describe the scenery in reality, and the last two sentences describe the emotion in imaginary way), the opposites are unified and complement each other. When we read this poem, it is as if we are appreciating a three-dimensional and changeable figure and landscape painting. This poetic and painting style is actually the author's masterful work.

Mount Emei Moon Song by Tang Li Bai

Source: "The Complete Works of Li Taibai" Volume 8

Genre and Rhythm

This poem is about young people The works written by Li Bai when he first left Shu have clear artistic conception, simple language and smooth phonology.

The poem begins with "Mount Emei Moon" and points out that the season for traveling far away is autumn. The word "Autumn" is placed at the end of the sentence upside down because of the rhyme. The air is crisp in autumn and the moon is particularly bright ("The Autumn Moon shines brightly"). The word "autumn" is also used to describe the beauty of the moonlight. It is easy to pick up and it is natural and wonderful. The moon is only "half round", which reminds people of the beautiful artistic conception of green mountains spitting out the moon. In the northeast of Mount Emei there is the Pingqiang River, now the Qingyi River, which originates from Lushan County, Sichuan, and flows to Leshan County and into the Minjiang River. In the second sentence, "shadow" refers to the shadow of the moon. The two verbs "in" and "liu" form a linking predicate, which means that the shadow of the moon reflects into the river and flows away with the river. Life experience tells us that if we look at the moon's shadow in the water, no matter how the river flows, the moon's shadow will not move. "When the moon goes, I go too." Only when viewers go down the river can they see the wonderful scene of "shadows entering the water of the river". Therefore, this sentence not only describes the beautiful scenery of the Qingjiang River reflected by the moon, but also darkly highlights the boating on the autumn night. The artistic conception can be described as ethereal and wonderful.

There is someone in the second sentence, and the person in the third sentence has appeared: he is setting off from Qingxiyi overnight into the Minjiang River, heading towards the Three Gorges. Young people who "go to the country with swords and leave their relatives and travel far away" cannot help but be reluctant to leave their hometown and friends after leaving their hometown. Seeing the moon while walking along the river is like seeing an old friend. However, the bright moon is not an old friend after all, so I can only "look up at the bright moon and express my feelings for the thousand miles of light". The last sentence, "Missing you without seeing me, I'm going to Yuzhou" is a farewell with infinite emotions. It can be said that words are short but love is long.

Mount Emei - Pingqiang River - Qingxi - Yuzhou - Three Gorges, the poetic landscape gradually unfolds a thousand-mile journey along the Shujiang River for readers. Except for "Emei Mountain Moon", there is almost no more specific description of the scenery in the poem; except for the word "Missing the King", there is no more lyricism. However, the artistic image in the episode "Emei Mountain Moon" runs through the entire poetic realm and becomes a catalyst for poetic sentiment. The connotations caused by it are quite rich: the mountain and the moon accompany people thousands of miles away, and they can be seen every night, making the feeling of "Missing you missing" even deeper. The bright moon is approachable but not approachable, and can be looked at but not touched. It is also a symbol of missing friends. Wherever the moon is chanted, it expresses the feeling of longing for friends along the river, which is intoxicating.

Originally, short quatrains are quite limited in expressing changes in time and space, so the general writing method is not to transcend time and space at the same time. However, the span of time and space expressed in this poem really reaches a state of freedom. Among the twenty-eight characters, there are five place names and twelve characters for ***, which are the only ones seen in ten thousand Tang Dynasty quatrains. It has "four lines of place names, five of them, and it is a masterpiece both in ancient and modern times, but it is never too heavy" (Wang Linzhou said). The reason is that the poet's experience of traveling on the river and the feeling of missing friends are everywhere in the poem, and the mountains are everywhere. The symbolic artistic image of the moon unifies vast space and long time. Secondly, the treatment of place names is also full of changes. "Emei Mountain Moon" and "Pingqiang River Water" are place names added to the scenery, which are fictitious; "Fa Qingxi", "Xiang Sanxia", and "Xia Yuzhou" are practical, and their positions in the sentences are also different. There is no trace of it when you read it, and it is a wonderful introduction to chemical engineering.

Notes:

1 Yuzhou: the area around Chongqing, Sichuan today.

Explanation:

This is a poem about the young Li Bai who was attached to the mountains and rivers of his hometown when he first left Sichuan. The poet traveled by water by boat. On the boat, he saw the half-circle autumn moon rising from the top of Mount Emei. The shadow of the mountain moon was reflected in the Pingqiang River, and the shadow of the moon always followed the river. At night, the boat departed from Qingxiyi and headed for the Three Gorges. After the boat turned into Yuzhou, the moon was obscured by the mountains and could not be seen. This poem uses five place names to show a thousand-mile journey along the Shu River through the mountains, moon and rivers.

Author:

Li Bai, also known as Taibai. A famous poet in the Tang Dynasty.

Translation: On a crisp autumn night with a bright moonlight, the poet took a boat and went down the river from Qingxi Station. The shadow of the moon is reflected in the river, accompanying the poet like a good friend. But on the way from Qingxi to Yuzhou, the moon was always blocked by the mountains on both sides, which made the poet miss it endlessly.

Notes

1. Mount Emei: southwest of present-day Emei City, Sichuan

2. Pingqiang (qiāng): the name of the river, which is today’s Qingyi River, in the east of Mount Emei .

3. Send: set off. Qingxi: refers to Qingxi Station, located near Mount Emei in Qián, Sichuan. Three Gorges: refers to the Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge, and Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, at the junction of today's Sichuan and Hubei provinces. One theory refers to the Litou, Bei'e and Pingqiang Three Gorges in Leshan, Sichuan. Qingxi is in the upper reaches of Litou Gorge.

4. Jun: refers to the moon of Mount Emei. One theory refers to the author's friends. Down: Go down the river. Yuzhou: the area around present-day Chongqing.

5. Banlunqiu: the semicircle autumn moon, that is, the first quarter moon or the last quarter moon.

Li Bai (701-762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, his ancestral home is Chengji, Longxi. (now Qin'andong, Gansu), was born in Suiye City (then part of the Anxi Protectorate, now in the Chu River Basin south of Balkhash Lake), and later moved to Jiangyou, Sichuan. At the beginning of Tianbao, when he entered Chang'an, He Zhizhang saw him and called him a banished immortal. He recommended him to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and waited for an imperial edict. Later, he wandered around the rivers and lakes, and was hired by Yong Wang Li Lin as his staff. Lin raised an army, was defeated, and was exiled to Yelang (in today's Guizhou Province). He was pardoned on the way, and when Tu Yi Li Yangbing arrived, he died soon after. He was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty and author of "The Collection of Li Taibai". There are already legends about Li Bai's lyrics in the Song Dynasty (such as the first volume of Wen Ying's "Xiangshan Wild Records"). This is proved by Cui Lingqin's "Jiaofang Ji" and the Dunhuang scrolls handed down today. The lyrics already existed in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. However, it is difficult to determine whether the chapter in this biography actually originated from Taibai. I still record one song each from "Bodhisattvaman" and "Recalling Qin'e".

This poem was written by the young Li Bai when he first left Shu. This poem was written about thirteen years ago in Kaiyuan, when Li Bai was about to leave Shu. He took the moon of Mount Emei as the object of his singing, and expressed his attachment to Shu by chanting the moon. Although five place names are used in succession in the poem, it is not rigid and still gives people a sense of smoothness. It can be seen that Li Bai's poetry is triggered randomly and his genius overflows. "Notes on Tang Poems": "'Jun' refers to the moon. The moon is in Emei, and its shadow enters the river. Because of the moonlight, the stream is clear, and towards the Three Gorges, the moon suddenly disappears again, and the boat has gone straight down to Yuzhou. The poem has a pure and pure charm. . "

This poem was written by the young Li Bai when he first left Shu. It has a clear artistic conception, simple and concise language, and smooth phonology.

The poem begins with "Mount Emei Moon" and points out that the season for traveling far away is autumn. The word "Autumn" is placed at the end of the sentence upside down because of the rhyme. The air is crisp in autumn and the moon is particularly bright ("The Autumn Moon shines brightly"). The word "autumn" is also used to describe the beauty of the moonlight. It is easy to pick up and it is natural and wonderful. The moon is only "half round", which reminds people of the beautiful artistic conception of green mountains spitting out the moon. In the northeast of Mount Emei there is the Pingqiang River, now the Qingyi River, which originates from Lushan County, Sichuan, and flows to Leshan County and into the Minjiang River. In the second sentence, "shadow" refers to the shadow of the moon. The two verbs "in" and "liu" form a linking predicate, which means that the shadow of the moon reflects into the river and flows away with the river. Life experience tells us that if we look at the moon's shadow in the water, no matter how the river flows, the moon's shadow will not move. "When the moon goes, I go too." Only when viewers go down the river can they see the wonderful scene of "shadows entering the water of the river". Therefore, this sentence not only describes the beautiful scenery of the Qingjiang River reflected by the moon, but also darkly highlights the boating on the autumn night. The artistic conception can be described as ethereal and wonderful.

There is someone in the second sentence, and the person in the third sentence has appeared: he is setting off from Qingxiyi overnight into the Minjiang River, heading towards the Three Gorges. Young people who "go to the country with swords and leave their relatives and travel far away" cannot help but be reluctant to leave their hometown and friends after leaving their hometown. Seeing the moon while walking along the river is like seeing an old friend. However, the bright moon is not an old friend after all, so I can only "look up at the bright moon and express my feelings for the thousand miles of light". The last sentence, "Missing you without seeing me, I'm going to Yuzhou" is a farewell with endless emotions. It can be said that words are short but love is long.

Mount Emei - Pingqiang River - Qingxi - Yuzhou - Three Gorges, the poetic landscape gradually unfolds a thousand-mile journey along the Shujiang River for readers. Except for "Emei Mountain Moon", there is almost no more specific description of the scenery in the poem; except for the word "Missing the King", there is no more lyricism. However, the artistic image in the episode "Emei Mountain Moon" runs through the entire poetic realm and becomes a catalyst for poetic sentiment. The connotations caused by it are quite rich: the mountain and the moon accompany people thousands of miles away, and they can be seen every night, making the feeling of "Missing you missing" even deeper. The bright moon is approachable but not approachable, and can be expected but not touched. It is also a symbol of missing friends. Wherever the moon is chanted, it expresses the feeling of longing for friends along the river, which is intoxicating.

Originally, short quatrains are quite limited in expressing changes in time and space, so the general writing method is not to transcend time and space at the same time. However, the span of time and space expressed in this poem really reaches a state of freedom. Among the twenty-eight characters, the names of places have five common meanings, including the cross, which is the only one seen in thousands of Tang Dynasty quatrains. It has "four lines of place names, five of them, and it is a masterpiece both in ancient and modern times, but it is never too heavy" (Wang Linzhou said). The reason is that the poet's experience of traveling on the river and the feeling of missing friends are everywhere in the poem, and the mountains are everywhere. The symbolic artistic image of the moon unifies vast space and long time. Secondly, the treatment of place names is also full of changes. "Emei Mountain Moon" and "Pingqiang River Water" are place names added to the scenery, which are fictitious; "Fa Qingxi", "Xiang Sanxia", and "Xia Yuzhou" are practical, and their positions in the sentences are also different. There is no trace of it when you read it, and it is a wonderful introduction to chemical engineering.

Hearing the Flute in Luocheng on a Spring Night Li Bai (Tang Dynasty)

Translation Type 1: Whose house does the melodious flute sound come from? With the spring breeze, it spread throughout the city of Luoyang.

Just tonight, listening to the sad "Breaking Willows", can it not arouse my homesickness?

The second type: At night when the lights were gradually extinguished, someone heard the sound of a jade flute. The sound of the flute filled the entire Luoyang city with the spring breeze. Hearing the tune of "Folding Willows" at night like this, who wouldn't feel longing for his hometown!

Notes

1. Luocheng: Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan).

2. Folding Willows: It is the flute tune "Folding Willows", named after Yuefu's "Drum and Horn Horizontal Blowing Music", and the content is mostly about the emotions of separation. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Huahou Collection" Volume 4: ""Yuefu Miscellaneous Records" says: 'The flute player is also Qiang music. The classical ones include "Folding Willows" and "Falling Plum Blossoms"'. Therefore, the banished immortal "Spring Night Luo" "City Hears the Flute"... Du Shaoling's poem "Blow the Flute": "The willows in my hometown are falling now, why should I worry about the music?" Wang Zhihuan said: "Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows, the spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass". "Quye." The song expresses the sadness of farewell.

3. Jade flute: exquisite flute.

4. Hometown: refers to hometown, hometown.

This poem was probably written by Li Bai when he visited Luoyang in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735). It describes the feeling of homesickness caused by hearing the sound of the flute in the dead of night. Wang Yaoqu's "Combined Interpretations of Tang Poems": "Suddenly I heard the flute, and I didn't know who was playing it. Because it was night, the sound was flying in the dark. The sound of the flute was blown away by the sound of the wind, and the sound of the wind was carried far away by the sound of the flute. So on Luochun Night The sound of the wind is everywhere, and the sound of the flute is heard everywhere. The reason why I say goodbye is because of the song "Breaking Willows". "Who can't afford it?" Does anyone have any feelings for it? It's just for "spreading into the spring breeze" and the whole city can hear it. "

Appreciation

(1)

This poem is about homesickness and is titled "Hearing the Flute in Luocheng on a Spring Night", which clearly indicates that the poem was inspired by the sound of the flute. The word "Luocheng" in the title indicates that he is a guest, and the word "Spring Night" points out the season and specific time. The sentence begins with the sound of the flute. It was already late at night, and the poet could hardly fall asleep. Suddenly, there were a few intermittent flute sounds. The sound of the flute immediately touched the poet's feelings of traveling. The poet does not talk about hearing the flute, but talks about the sound of the flute "flying secretly", changing the object into the subject. The word "dark" is the key to the sentence. Annotators often ignore this word. The late Mr. Shen Zufen said: "...'Who's home' and 'Dark Flying Sound' describe the mental state when 'hearing' it. You hear the flying sound first and trace its origin, but you don't know who blew it and where it came from. "Come, so it is said to fly out secretly" ("A Brief Interpretation of the Seven Unique Poems of the Tang Dynasty") can be an understanding. Since we don’t know where the sound of the flute comes from, let alone who the flute player is, the word “dark” is quite appropriate. The word "dark" here has multiple connotations. It mainly means that the sound of the flute is sent secretly, as if it is specially flown to listen to the guests who are away from home, so as to arouse their sorrow and regret. The whole sentence expresses an unbearable mood, which is said to be subjective and objective. In addition, "dark" also has a discontinuous and vague meaning, which is consistent with the situation of the poem. "Whose home" means that we don't know whose home it is, and "whose" corresponds to "hidden". The second sentence deliberately exaggerates the sound of the flute, saying that it "disperses into the spring breeze" and "fills Luo City", as if it is everywhere and can be heard everywhere. This is naturally an extreme exaggeration of the subjective feelings of thoughtful people. The word "San" is used wonderfully. "Scattered" means evenly and spread out. The sound of the flute "disperses into the spring breeze" and spreads everywhere with the spring breeze, neither east nor west, neither south nor north. This is the default position of the word "Man" in "Man Luo City"; the word "Man" is derived from the word "San", and the two are closely connected.

Why does the poet feel homesick when he hears the sound of the flute? The third sentence points out the song "Breaking Willow". The ancients folded willows when saying goodbye, and they also folded willows when looking forward to the return of relatives. It is said that "Liu" sounds like the sound of "Liu", so the willows are broken to say farewell. Baqiao in Chang'an is a famous place for farewells, or it may be said that all the willow trees there are broken for those who say goodbye. "Breaking Willows" is a song that expresses sorrow for farewell, and its sound is sad and somber. At the end of the Taikang period of the Jin Dynasty, the song "Breaking Willows" was popular in Jingluo, with the words "the hardships of the war". "Song of Broken Willows" from the Northern Dynasties says: "When you mount your horse, you don't catch the whip, but bend the branches of the willows; when you sit up and play the flute, you worry about killing the travelers." The lyrics are probably based on the meaning of the song. Therefore, when the poet heard the song "Breaking Willows", he aroused homesickness. Generally speaking, people who have lived in a foreign country for a long time don't have much to do during the day, but when the sun sets, they easily miss their hometown. In spring and autumn, people are often sentimental. "Breaking Willow" is the highlight of the whole poem, which is also the meaning of the title of "Wearing the Flute". Three or four sentences describe the poet's own feelings, but reflect them from others. The emphasis on "this night" is to address all the people living in Luoyang City, and to prepare for the conclusion of the sentence "Who can't afford the love of hometown". This is the derivation of subjective emotions. It does not say "I", but it shows the deep feeling of "I" and the deep nostalgia.

This short seven-character quatrain can quite show the characteristics of Li Taibai's style, that is, his subjective tendency in artistic expression.

(2)

Luocheng is now Luoyang in Henan Province. It was a very prosperous city in the Tang Dynasty and was called the Eastern Capital. On a spring night, the lights of thousands of houses were gradually extinguished, and the hustle and bustle of the day had long since calmed down. Suddenly there was a loud flute sound, and the melodious tune flew with the spring breeze, flying all over Luo City. At this time, there was a poet far away from his hometown who had not yet fallen asleep. He leaned against the window and looked at the bright moon like a "white jade plate", listened to the sound of the flute in the distance, and fell into deep thought. The flute is playing the song "Breaking Willows", which is an ancient Yuefu song of the Han Dynasty and expresses the pain of parting and traveling. In ancient times, when parting, people often broke willow branches from the roadside to send each other off; the willow tree was used to express the feeling of reluctance.

On such a spring evening, listening to such a piece of music full of sorrow and farewell, who can't help but feel homesick? Therefore, the poet couldn't help but chanted this poem Qijue.

This poem is full of the word "hear" to express my feelings about listening to the flute. I don’t know whose house this flute sound came from. The unseen flute player only played to himself and did not intend to let others know about him. However, he unexpectedly moved many listeners. This is " The meaning of the word "an" in "Whose jade flute is flying darkly". "Spreading into the spring breeze and filling Luo City" is an artistic exaggeration. In the poet's imagination, this beautiful flute sound flew all over Luo City, as if everyone in the city heard it. The poet's exaggeration is not without basis in life. The sound of the flute is originally high-pitched, and when people are deeper and quieter, coupled with the help of the spring breeze, it is not an exaggeration to say that it flies all over Luo City.

The sound of the flute came, and I didn’t know what the music was at first. After listening carefully for a while, I realized that it was a song called "Folding Willows". That's why it was written in the third sentence that "I heard the willows breaking in this nocturne". The rhetoric of this sentence is very particular. It does not say that I heard a piece of willow-breaking music, but that I heard the willow-breaking music in the music. The word "Zheliu" refers to both the title of the song and not only the title of the song. Folding willows represents a custom, a scene, and an emotion. Folding willows is almost a synonym for farewell. It can evoke a series of specific memories and rekindle the nostalgia hidden in people's hearts. "Who can't afford the feeling of hometown" seems to be talking about others and everyone, but wasn't it Li Bai himself who was the first to have the feeling of hometown?

Love for hometown is a noble emotion, which is connected with patriotism. I was born and raised in my hometown here. As a part of my motherland, her image is particularly unforgettable. Li Bai's poem is about listening to the flute, but its significance is not limited to describing music, it also expresses longing for his hometown. This is what makes it touching.

Meeting an envoy to Beijing

1. Liu Kaiyang's "Chronological Notes of the Collection of Cen Shen's Poems·Cen Shen Chronicle" (hereinafter referred to as "Liu's Notes") was written when the poet went to Tianbao in the eighth year (749). On the way to Anxi. 2. Hometown: refers to Chang'an and one's own home in Chang'an.

3. Longzhong: Describes the appearance of crying, here it means getting wet. 4. Long: describes the long journey.

5. With: trust. 6. Transmission: Send a message. 7. Envoy to Beijing: An envoy returning to Beijing.

The poet was 34 years old at this time. His fame in the first half of his life was unsatisfactory, so he had no choice but to go to work. The feeling of being far away from Kyoto and home is desolate, and also meeting people who are walking in the opposite direction from me, so I can't help but feel sad. But people traveling far away want to comfort their families and say that they are safe outside and don't need to worry. Such simple yet complex human emotions are expressed in a simple and unpretentious narrative tone, which makes it even more real and touching. Zhong Xing commented on this poem: "It's just true." Tan Yuanchun said: "Everyone has this matter, but it has never been written down, and future generations will not be able to repeat it. So it will last forever" (Volume 13 of "Return of Tang Poems"). Shen Deqian said: "Everyone thinks of Chinese language, but it becomes a masterpiece" (Volume 19 of "Collection of Tang Poems").

Looking back to the east to see my hometown thousands of miles away, the journey is long and confusing; my face is covered with dragon bells and my sleeves are dripping with tears, but I still don’t dry up with tears.

I met Junma by chance on the way, but I don’t have paper or pen to write my book. I can only ask you to send a message to my family to say that I am safe.

Appreciation: In the eighth year of Tianbao (749), Cen Shen went to the Western Regions for the first time and served as the shogunate secretary of Gao Xianzhi, the governor of Anxi. He bid farewell to his wife in Chang'an and embarked on a long journey.

I don’t know how many days he walked, but on the road leading to the Western Region, he suddenly ran into an old acquaintance. They talked immediately and exchanged warm greetings. Knowing that the other party was going back to Beijing to report on his work, he immediately thought of asking him to send a letter from his family back to Chang'an. This poem describes this scene.

The first sentence is about the actual scene in front of you. "Hometown" refers to my home in Chang'an. "Looking east" points out the location of Chang'an. It had been many days since I left Chang'an. When I looked back, I felt that the road was long and the sky was covered with dust and smoke.

The second sentence is exaggerated, emphasizing one's passion for remembering one's relatives, and here the subtle meaning of sending a letter from home is revealed. "Dragon Bell" here means dripping wet. "Dragon Bell" and "Tears Never Dry" both vividly depict the poet's affectionate expression of infinite nostalgia for his relatives in Chang'an.