A day of increasing knowledge: knowing Yongding tulou and meeting the bustling rhyme.

The first time I heard of "Tulou" was in the architectural history class of the university. The teacher's speech is very plain, so it's not surprising. It wasn't until I went to the scene in person and listened to the stories of local people one after another that I suddenly lamented: How could people before be so powerful!

Tulou is actually a general term. Generally speaking, there are three famous national tourist attractions: Yongding Tulou, Nanjing Tulou and Yunshui Ballad. Among them, Shuiyun storytelling was named after the merger of the three villages, mainly because the film Shuiyun storytelling was filmed in Changjiao Village more than ten years ago, and it became a tourist attraction. Slowly, the three surrounding villages were named together for convenience. The other two villages are Huaiyuan Building and He Jiong Building (distributed from south to north, and the photography base of Yunshuiyao is in the middle of the two earth buildings).

Nanjing Tulou is called "four dishes and one soup" and is not on this trip. I'll share it with you again when I have a chance ~

Since it is a "tour" of tulou, you can't take a cursory look at it. In order to save trouble and convenience, I took part in a group tour of the travel agency on this short trip. I recommend "Xiamen Longitudinal Sifang Travel Agency". The itinerary is very substantial: the two tour guides are very caring, selling naturally and not making people feel uncomfortable. I feel a lot about the nuances.

People in Yongding Tulou are all surnamed Jiang, and they are called Xiaojianghui in the village. According to the local saying, three points to see the earth building, seven points to listen to the earth building, so read my summary before visiting, and you can fully understand the earth building without listening to the explanation with the group ~

Most of the people living in Yongding Tulou are Hakkas. They are Han people, who moved to Fujian from Luoyang, Henan Province in the Central Plains and gradually took root. People here are very hospitable. Passing by places dedicated to Guanyin and other gods, there will be old people handing incense to tourists. If they have religious beliefs, they can take the incense and pay some incense money. This is a custom. Of course, it is ok to say thank you and wave your hand if you don't have faith.

Next is the key content of tulou, knocking on the blackboard ~

Let's talk about the formation of tulou first. Tulou was a closed, at least three-story building built by Hakkas at that time to prevent thieves and bandits from invading and resisting wild animals. The first floor is the kitchen, the second floor is the granary, and the third floor is the residence. At first, they were all square tulou, and the corner was not exposed to sunlight all the year round, especially in Fujian, where the climate was very humid, so it gradually evolved into a round tulou. Houses in tulou are also divided fairly-each floor will be allocated a room by lottery. The only inconvenience is the stairs. Stairs are public, so ~ you know, as seen in "Big Fish Begonia", you have to run around the earth building and go back to your room: get hot water on the first floor, take a bath on the third floor, and then take the water down and throw it away. ...

It is also very important that there is no other tulou to visit upstairs except Tulou Museum, because there are still some residents living here. After the successful application, the people inside can come out to build houses subsidized by the government or continue to live in them.

Entering Tulou District, the first is Qiaofulou, which, as the name implies, is related to overseas Chinese. The male owner of this tulou has four sons. The eldest, the second and the fourth went to Southeast Asia for development in their early years and never came back, that is, these three sons paid for the construction of the current tulou. Now this tulou belongs to a 90-year-old grandfather, the third son of the master. Qiaofu Building, also known as "Doctor Building", was built in 1970s and 1980s. 1 1 doctor. The eldest son always has nine sons and one daughter, "one phoenix in Kowloon". Among them, five sons 1 daughters have obtained doctoral degrees, and five sons have married five doctoral wives respectively, so there are 1 1 doctors. This tulou also has the best lighting. There is no building in the atrium, only a flat land, and the real sunshine falls in the yard.

Next is the Chengqi Building, also known as the "king of buildings", because it is tall, thick, rough and majestic. According to legend, during the construction process, it was sunny when the wall was rammed, and it didn't rain until the water flowed out from the lower wall. People in Chengqi Building felt the help of God, so they called Chengqi Building "Tianzhu Building". The introduction of this building should start with a jingle: four floors, four circles and 400 rooms up and down; The circle in the circle, the circle in the trap, has gone through three hundred years of vicissitudes. A circle of houses does not block each other and does not affect the lighting. This tulou is also full of talents. There is a private school in the third circle of Tulou. Mr. Shu will be invited to tutor school-age children. In the fourth circle, among the descendants here, you can also see the plaque of the imperial examination champion. The fourth circle is the middle room, which is the family secret room. Marriage, dispute mediation and even difficult relief are held and handled here. The fourth circle witnessed the big and small events of this big family, including the twins winning the first prize at the same time, which was also recorded by the plaque. I deeply feel that this is a family that attaches great importance to education, and I admire the foresight of our predecessors.

Finally, there are Wuyun Building and Shize Building, which are more "ordinary". Wuyunlou can't go. After a 6.8 earthquake before, the wall has sunk nearly two meters. Now there is a special department responsible for the application for the heritage of Tulou. It was pushed out of the wall in wet season, and now it is said that it has been pushed by 0.9 meters. The locals say that Wuyun Building is a great building. One reason is that this earth building has no foundation, which may have been built to catch up with the construction period. Another reason is that this earth building was once covered with a layer because of population growth, and now the traces of the cover can still be seen on the outer wall.

People in Yongding Tulou have learned so much, and the tour guide has always reminded us that we can buy some fruits, and try not to buy others at scenic spots, or go to formal places ~

When we arrived at Yunshuiyao Scenic Area, the tour guide introduced that this generation of villagers are all surnamed Jane, and we entered the boundary of Jane's family ~

After seeing Yongding Tulou and then going to Yunshui storytelling, in fact, more expectations are not concentrated on Tulou itself. The most impressive thing about Huaiyuan Building is the plaque of "Shi Si Stone". Everyone will definitely think of "Humble Room Inscription". The owner of tulou was probably in that state of mind at that time. The key point of visiting Huaiyuan Building is the door. Outside the gate is a thick layer of iron sheet, on which the bullet marks can be clearly seen. It is a tulou with a story and rich imagination ... Below the gossip are three big characters "Huaiyuan Building". The name of Huaiyuan Building has two meanings: one is that the landlord comes from the Jane family in Huaiyang, Hebei Province, and the other is to warn Jane's descendants to be ambitious. Interested friends can read the couplets of Tulou, which is very meaningful, so I won't go into details here.

Tulou Museum is the only tulou upstairs that can be visited. It's also a very good experience to go upstairs and take photos to see the room structure ~ (visit 10 minutes, take photos 1 hour, if it's not urgent)

Dangdang Dangdang ... The protagonist Yunshuiyao ancient town appeared, and it really won't live up to my expectations. When the season is not crowded, you can clearly hear birds singing, streams flowing and windmills turning. One by one, the Millennium banyan tree stood by the stream and the door. Here you just need to slow down, see with your eyes, listen with your ears, smell with your nose and sit on the stone bench. Maybe the whole afternoon will pass. If you are not in a hurry, staying here for one night should be a good experience.

The last one and your building, I think, fully reflect the wisdom and persistence of human beings. This is an earth building built on a swamp. At that time, the young Jian Jiping went to take the imperial examination and passed by this land. It is said that looking down from the mountain, it looks like a Chinese-style chest covering for a child. He specially invited a feng shui master to identify it as a treasure house, so he gave up the imperial examination and wholeheartedly wanted to build a tulou on this swamp. No sooner had the first floor been replaced than the whole floor sank under the swamp. At that time, people thought he was crazy and could not build a house on the swamp. The durable simple screen is paved with more than 200 pine trees piled up, so it continues to be covered. He Jiong Building has a total investment of 15200 silver and an area of 1547 square meters. After more than 200 years, it is still strong and well preserved, and it is also the tallest of all known earth buildings in Fujian. Now walk into He Jiong Building, jump up and down on the steps in the atrium, and feel the pebbles shaking. There are two wells in the building, which are18m apart, and the water level of the wells is higher than the ground. Locals call it "Yin-Yang Well": one well is as clear as a mirror, and the water quality is sweet, while the other well is turbid, yellow, filthy and completely inedible. There is also a local legend that it is because the woman who is confined to the moon comes out to fetch water herself that the appearance of the yin well is caused. In fact, the scientific explanation has a lot to do with the location of two wells, one in the center of the swamp, surrounded by cement; The other just hit the edge of the swamp and was surrounded by pebbles. The result can be imagined.

A rich tour of the earth building, listen carefully to the story of the earth building and feel the charm of history and culture. The rise and fall of a nation is inseparable from knowledge. These tulou are quietly telling that every descendant who comes out of school is their pride.