Some information about the architectural styles of ancient Chinese dynasties! ! !

The altar is a special building used by Chinese feudal emperors to offer sacrifices. The common altars now are mainly left over from the Ming and Qing dynasties, and are mainly concentrated in Beijing. There are many parks in Beijing with the word "tan" hanging on their names, such as the Temple of Heaven, the Temple of the Moon, the Temple of Earth, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of Xiannong. These five altars were all built in the Ming Dynasty. They were used by feudal emperors to worship gods such as heaven and earth, sun and moon, mountains and rivers, and Tai Sui. They are the product of the combination of political power and divine power. Among these five altars, except for the Circular Mound Altar and the Praying for Grain Altar in the Temple of Heaven, which are round three-story platforms, the other four altars are single-story or two-story square platforms. The Circular Mound Altar in the Temple of Heaven is the most famous altar in China. The Temple of Heaven we are talking about today actually refers to the Temple of the Circle. This altar was built in the ninth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1530 AD). The altar is 5 meters high and divided into three floors. The diameter of the upper floor is 30 meters, the middle floor is 50 meters, and the lower floor is 70 meters. The altar is round in shape, which conforms to the ancient Chinese traditional saying of "the sky is round and the earth is round". The number of stones used in all altar surfaces, steps, railings, and railings except for the central stone of the circular mound platform. They are all the highest yang numbers (i.e. nine or multiples of nine). The emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties came here to worship heaven every winter solstice. There are no other buildings on the altar, and the emperor worships in the air, which is called "dew sacrifice".

The pavilion is the most common type of building in China: it has a roof, columns, and no walls around it. It is mostly made of wood, stone, bamboo, etc., with shapes ranging from round to square, triangular, hexagonal, or octagonal. Edge shapes as well as plum blossoms, sectors, etc. It is often located high in parks and some scenic spots, commanding the panoramic view from a high position. Some are also located on the lakeside, contrasting with the reflections in the water. The pavilion is not only a point-of-view building for tourists to watch from a distance, but also a scenic building for tourists to stay and rest inside. It has different names depending on its use. Pavilions set up on roadsides or avenues are mainly used for pedestrians to escape the heat in midsummer. A pavilion with a stele inside is called a stele pavilion. Building a pavilion on a bridge is called a bridge pavilion. A well built inside the pavilion is called a well pavilion, also known as an open-air well pavilion, because there is a small square opening on the top of the pavilion, which allows sunlight to enter the well (it is said that water without sunlight is yin water, and people will get sick if they eat it). There are also two buildings built together, called Shuangting. Modern towns also have postal kiosks, book kiosks, photo booths, etc., giving them new content.

The Bronze Pavilion is the best among the pavilions. The most famous one is Baoyun Pavilion in the Summer Palace in Beijing. The roof and pillars of the entire building are made of copper, blue crab color, 7.5 meters high and weighing 207 tons. It is graceful and luxurious, and is known as the "Golden Pavilion". The largest existing pavilion in China is the Kuoru Pavilion in the Summer Palace. This ancient pavilion covers an area of ??more than 130 square meters. It is supported by 24 columns and 16 square columns in three inner and outer circles. The octagonal roof has double eaves and peaks, imitating all the purlins. Color painting, the body is stretched and steady, the momentum is majestic, and it is in perfect harmony with the open environment there.

Corridor is a strip-shaped building in Chinese gardens, for people to stroll around, enjoy the scenery, sit and visit. It has both decorative and practical value.

There are many types of corridors in China, which can be roughly divided into verandas, winding corridors, cloisters, flower corridors and water corridors.

The promenade in the Summer Palace in Beijing, a Chinese royal garden, can be regarded as the crown of all corridors - a unique treasure in Chinese garden art. It is famous for its long, varied and exquisite architecture. From a distance, it looks like a ribbon, winding between green mountains and green waters. It has a total length of 728 meters and has 273 rooms (calculated as four pillars per room). There are four double-eaves octagonal pavilions from east to west, symbolizing the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. There are more than 14,000 paintings painted on all the beams and beams in the corridor, including landscapes and figures, flowers, birds, insects, fish, and Jiangnan scenery, which are examples of history. If you stop looking at each picture for 2 seconds, it will take you 8 hours to finish it. The promenade is backed by Wanshou Mountain and faces Kunming Lake. It is said that it was built by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty for his mother to enjoy the rain and snow scenes on the lake. But in fact, the construction of the promenade creates a clever transition between the lake and mountains, which is fascinating Viewing the mountains near the lake or viewing the lake from the mountains will not give you a sense of stark separation. This is a great invention in Chinese classical garden architectural design. Folk private gardens, mostly in the south of the Yangtze River, are often decorated with corridors. Some of the cloisters in the famous Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou are elevated above the pond, and are known as "lying on a rainbow by the water." Whenever the breeze stirs the water waves, the beautiful reflections of the colorful corridor are about to fly. Visitors can take photos along the corridor, which is a unique experience. The corridor in the Suzhou Lingering Garden is more than 600 meters long and is connected by pavilions, terraces, buildings and pavilions, making the entire corridor seem to be broken but not broken. There are more than 300 calligraphy and poems by ancient celebrities embedded on the wall, which are called "three wonders". Visitors here can not only enjoy the scenery, but also read the masterpieces of famous people. Everyone will gain something and enjoy themselves leisurely.

Taiwan is a traditional high and flat building in ancient China, also known as a platform. It is generally made of earth, stone and bricks and is used for viewing or sightseeing. In fact, many famous ancient platforms are not just isolated platforms, but often have palaces and gardens built on them. The existing Tuancheng in Beihai, Beijing, is a famous ancient platform. It is a 5-meter-high circular city platform with an area of ??about 4,500 square meters. There are halls, terraces, verandas and other buildings on the platform. There are also observatories and observatories used to observe astronomy and meteorology. There is a high brick building in Jianguomen, Beijing, displaying large copper astronomical instruments. It was originally an astronomical observation center during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The beacon tower used in the military to convey war news is called a beacon tower. There were many beacon towers built inside and outside the Great Wall. If there was an enemy situation, they would burn smoke during the day and light fires at night to convey signals. There is a square wall platform built every 300 to 400 meters on the Great Wall, where soldiers patrol and watch.

To this day, you can still see many earthen platforms from that time on the "Silk Road", which are all ancient military architectural settings