What harm will global warming bring? (comprehensive)

1. Climate warming, melting glaciers and rising sea level will lead to the loss of coastal mudflats, mangroves, coral reefs and other ecological groups, the terrible consequences of coastal erosion and global warming, seawater intrusion into coastal fresh groundwater layers, and salinization of coastal land. , resulting in the imbalance of natural ecological environment in coastal areas, estuaries and bays, and bringing great disasters to the coastal ecological environment.

2. The water area has increased. Water evaporation is also more, the rainy season is prolonged, and floods are more frequent. The chances of being flooded increase, the degree and severity of being affected by heavy rain increase, and the life of reservoir dams is shortened.

Rising temperatures may melt the ice and snow in the Antarctic Peninsula and the Arctic Ocean. Polar bears and walruses will gradually become extinct.

4. Many small islands will disappear without a trace;

Due to thermal inertia, the existing greenhouse gases will continue to affect our lives.

6. Rising temperature will affect people's fertility, and sperm activity will decrease with rising temperature.

7. Changes in primitive ecosystems.

8. Used in production fields, such as agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and other departments. ...

9 will be infected with infectious diseases and other diseases ... The climate will expand the epidemic through extreme weather and climate events (El Ni? o, drought, floods, heat waves, etc.), which will be harmful to human health. ...

Impact on climate

No one can say for sure how serious the harm caused by releasing more carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere in the future will be. Scientists are estimating the harm caused by climate change. According to the current technical level, the formation and digestion mechanism of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can only be clarified in 2004, and how the greenhouse effect is produced can be clarified. Only in 2006 can the sea level rise caused by global warming be accurately predicted. However, it will not be until 2050 that we can really understand all this. Obviously, scientists and politicians will not wait for further results before taking preventive measures. The present observation and research results should be made public, so that people will not have to swallow the bitter fruit after 50 years.

The greenhouse effect has been working since the formation of the earth. If there is no greenhouse effect, the surface of the earth will be extremely cold, the temperature will drop to MINUS 20℃, the ocean will freeze and life will not form. Therefore, we are not faced with the problem of whether there is a greenhouse effect, but the problem that human beings emit a lot of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, which leads to the greenhouse effect and the rapid change of the earth's climate.

What impact will the greenhouse effect have? Due to the burning of fossil fuels and the deforestation of a large number of forests, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere has increased. Due to the greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide and other gases, the global average ground temperature has increased by about 0.3-0.6℃ in the past 100 years, and it is expected to increase by 1-3℃ in 2030.

When the global average temperature rises 1℃, great changes will take place: sea level rises, glaciers in mountainous areas shrink, and the snow area shrinks. As the global temperature rises, it will lead to unbalanced precipitation, with precipitation increasing in some areas and decreasing in some areas. For example, in the Sahel region of West Africa, severe drought began at 1965; Since 1965, the precipitation in North China has decreased year after year. Compared with 1950s, the precipitation in North China decreased by 1/3, and the water resources decreased by 1/2. The drought-stricken area in China is about 400 million mu every year. In normal years, irrigation areas in China lack 30 billion cubic meters of water every year, and cities lack 6 billion cubic meters of water.

Due to the rising temperature, the global sea level has been rising at a rate of 1-2 mm per year in the past 100 years. It is predicted that the sea level will continue to rise by 30-50 cm by 2050, which will flood a large number of low-lying areas along the coast. In addition, due to climate change, climate disasters such as drought, flood and low temperature have intensified, resulting in global economic losses of more than tens of billions of dollars every year.

melting of glaciers

In recent years, due to the greenhouse gas emission and the greenhouse effect of the accelerated melting of Antarctic glaciers, it has been observed that alpine glaciers from Patagonia to Switzerland are melting. In South Asia, the question is not whether glaciers are melting, but how fast they are melting. Although many adverse effects of global warming may not become very serious before the end of 2 1 century, glacial meltwater in Nepal, India, Pakistan, China and Bhutan may soon bring people trouble.

A research report of the International Snow and Ice Commission (ICSI) pointed out: "The glaciers in the Himalayas are retreating faster than anywhere else in the world. If the current melting rate continues, these glaciers are likely to disappear before 2035. " Said Ha Bosco Wong, head of the International Snow and Ice Commission, said: "Even if the meltwater of glaciers dries up within 60 to 100 years, the scope of this ecological disaster will be shocking."

Glaciers in the eastern Himalayas in the Ganges River basin have melted the most, and those distributed on the "roof of the world" from Bhutan to Kashmir have retreated the fastest. Take the 3-mile-long barna Glacier as an example. This glacier is one of many glaciers formed by the collision between the Indian subcontinent and the Asian continent 40-50 million years ago. Starting from 1990, it retreated half a mile. After the severe sub-arctic winter in 1997, scientists had predicted that this glacier would expand, but it retreated further in the summer of 1998.

Disease is rampant

Paul Perstein of the Institute of New and Recurrent Diseases of Harvard University noticed that plants also moved with the snow line, and plants on mountain peaks all over the world were moving upwards. With the warming of mountain peaks, the higher altitude environment is more and more conducive to the survival of mosquitoes and microorganisms such as plasmodium.

Since 1987, tropical infectious diseases such as West Nile virus, malaria and yellow fever have broken out in Florida, Mississippi, Texas, Arizona, California and Colorado in the United States, which has repeatedly confirmed experts' scientific inference that some tropical diseases will spread to colder regions due to climate warming.

New ice age

Another study on global warming is even more surprising. As the Arctic ice sheet melts, rainfall increases, and wind types change, a large amount of fresh water is flowing into the North Atlantic, causing damage to the Gulf Stream, thus cutting off the North Atlantic Stream. It is these warm currents that bring warm surface water from the Caribbean to the northwest of Europe, making Europe a warm climate. Once the North Atlantic warm current is cut off due to global warming, the temperature in northwest Europe may drop by as much as 5-8℃, and Europe may face a new ice age!

The research was conducted by the Scottish Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen, which analyzed more than 65,438+07,000 salinity measurements from Orchid Islands to Faroe Islands waters since 65,438+0893. In the past 20 years, the salinity and concentration of deep seawater flowing to the south have become smaller and smaller, which indicates that more fresh water has flowed into the region from the North Atlantic. These new data fully prove the computer model designed by German scientists about three years ago for the first time.

The content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rising sharply, and the world population will reach 654.38+000 billion before 2050. David Tillman of the University of Minnesota said: "Our world is moving towards replacing the existing free natural resources with man-made facilities. However, we haven't mastered the knowledge about natural ecosystems. In the Permian extinction 245 million years ago, 96% of species became extinct. Later, with the emergence of many new species, the earth finally recovered its rich population, but this process has gone through 100 million years. Wilson said: "Some people think that nature will revive everything that human beings have destroyed." As the saying goes, "As long as there is enough time, everything can happen." Maybe nature can really restore everything, but this long process is meaningless to modern human beings anyway.

Mark Twain once said that the most touching feature of the weather is its change. 1 After many centuries, we are still trying to predict the weather accurately, but we have little effect in controlling the climate. However, the damage to the environment is unprecedented.

1. Ecology

First of all, global warming leads to sea level rise and precipitation redistribution, which changes the current world climate pattern; Secondly, global warming affects and destroys the biological chain and food chain, bringing more serious natural consequences. For example, there is a migratory bird that flies from Australia to northeast China for the summer every year. However, due to global warming, the temperature in Northeast China is rising and the summer is prolonged, so the time for this bird to leave Northeast China is correspondingly warmer, and the time for returning to Northeast China is correspondingly delayed. As a result, a pest eaten by this migratory bird flooded and destroyed a large area of forest. In addition, extreme events related to the environment have increased, such as droughts and floods.

2. Politics

Limiting carbon dioxide emissions is equivalent to limiting energy consumption, which is bound to have a restrictive impact on all countries in the world. Whether developing countries reduce emissions or developed countries reduce emissions has become the focus of discussion among countries. The greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries are increasing, and the problem of "emission reduction" after 20 13 will inevitably focus on developing countries. The scientific problem of preventing global warming will inevitably lead to the problem of "North-South relations", thus making the climate issue an international political issue.

3. Climate

Global warming has increased precipitation in Chinese mainland, especially in the middle and high latitudes, and reduced precipitation in some areas such as Africa. Frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events (El Nino, drought, flood, thunderstorm, hail, storm, high temperature weather and sandstorm, etc.). ) has increased in some areas.

4. Ocean

With the increase of global temperature, the amount of water vapor evaporated in the ocean has greatly increased, which has aggravated the warming phenomenon. The reduction of the total heat capacity of the ocean can restrain global warming. In addition, because the ocean releases excessive carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the real culprit is the plankton community in the ocean.

5. Crops

The impact of global warming on crop growth has both advantages and disadvantages. First, global temperature changes directly affect the global water cycle, causing droughts or floods in some areas, resulting in reduced crop production. Excessive temperature is not conducive to seed growth. Second, the increase of precipitation will actively promote crop growth, especially in arid areas. The increase of carbon dioxide content with global warming will also promote the photosynthesis of crops, thus increasing the yield.

6. Human health

(1) Global warming directly leads to superhigh temperature, heart disease and various respiratory diseases in some areas in summer, which kills many people every year, especially newborns and the elderly. (2) Global warming leads to the increase of ozone concentration. Ozone in the lower air is a very dangerous pollutant, which can destroy human lung tissue and cause asthma or other lung diseases. (3) Global warming will also cause the spread of some infectious diseases.