What kind of careful preparations will archaeologists make when conducting archaeology?

First of all, make a good record of shooting for inspection and archiving. The main contents of the record include: time, weather, camera brand and lens focal length, type of photosensitive film used, subject, aperture, speed, whether to add color filter, shooting direction and quantity, etc. First, take photos of geographical environment, geographical location, stratigraphic relationship, ash pit range and product distribution.

When digging, we should seize the opportunity to photograph it as the work progresses. The answers to the questions include the topography and landform of the excavation site, the working conditions of the excavation site, the excavation method and process, the discovered city site, ditches and stone pillars, the pit location, structure, funerary objects, human bones, hides and accessories, etc.

In the final stage of excavation, the site has been completely exposed, so it is necessary to have a panoramic view of the general plan. Because shooting in the wild requires not only large scenes but also small objects, it is best to equip a zoom lens of 28 ~ 85 mm with macro shooting function. If you don't have this equipment, you should prepare a wide-angle lens, a set of close-up lenses, and other equipment such as tripod, cable, flash and exposure meter. The use of natural light.

The use of outdoor photography light mainly depends on natural light. Under the irradiation of natural light, due to the different angles of direct light and reflected light, and the uneven surface of the object, the brightness of each part of the object is different. In field archaeological photography, the waist makes rational use of the characteristics of various natural light to express different contents. The front light is uniform, the side light has a good stereoscopic effect, and the backlight has a strong sense of space. If the scattered light is suitable for shooting a tomb, the unearthed color can be distinguished from the color of the skeleton, and the outline of the funerary objects is also relatively clear. The role of auxiliary lights. When shooting in the field, due to the limitation of objective conditions, the shooting scene or object has formed an over-light ratio, so it is necessary to increase the auxiliary light.

There are two ways to add auxiliary light: adding a reflector or using a flash. The reflector is suitable as an auxiliary light source for shooting small scenes or objects. It is necessary to wrinkle the tin foil to form diffuse reflection and avoid uneven reflection spots. In color shooting, the use of silver reflector can ensure the consistency of color temperature of light source. As an auxiliary light source, electronic flash lamp has the following main uses: changing the lighting conditions of graves with excessive contrast between light and dark under sunlight; Cloudy days enhance the contrast of the scene and make the outline and lines clear; The decorative patterns on the surface of an object, such as reliefs and inscriptions, can be displayed by using the side lighting of a flash. With the flash as the light source, murals, statues and architectural structures in the tomb can be photographed. ?

Processing of outdoor photography pictures. The choice of shooting point, shooting factors such as distance, pitch and direction should be based on the performance content. Backlighting conditions can better represent the degree of light and shade; Depression angle shooting can show open and tortuous scenes, and rectangular graves are mostly horizontal; Improving the plane position can reduce the deformation; Using a more advanced camera with adjustable back angle can change the bad viewing angle. If conditions permit, aerial photography is more concrete and realistic for showing large-scale sites and surrounding environment. ?

In addition, when shooting local unearthed artifacts, it is best to choose the shooting point to make the scene related to the side wall of the site tomb, so as to see the specific positions of the components and devices. The composition of outdoor shooting should pay attention to the rational use of effective pictures and discard unnecessary pictures; The picture should be clear and orderly, and choose the most reasonable picture and the most convincing angle; The characters on the screen should deal with nature.