How steel is tempered, camel Xiangzi, flowers in the morning and evening!

Pavel korchagin is the youngest son of a poor worker family in a small town in Ukraine. My father died early, my mother washed clothes for others to support my family, and my brother A Qing was a railway worker. When he was in primary school, Paul hated evil and dared to do it once. He threw ashes into the dough of that stupid and vicious priest and was expelled from school.

After the October Revolution broke out, the red regime was besieged by foreign interference and domestic reactionaries: the political situation in Ukraine was also unprecedented violence and turmoil. Zhu Laihe, who lives in Paul's house, is an old Bolshevik. He was left in the town when the Red Army retreated. He Zhu came to teach Paul boxing and cultivated Paul's pure revolutionary enthusiasm. Once, Paul was put in prison for saving Zhu. Then the stupid enemy quickly misplaced him: after he got out of prison, Paul jumped into the garden of Tonya, the daughter of a forestry official. Tonia likes Paul, who is enthusiastic, stubborn and strong-willed, and Paul is deeply attracted by tonia, which is pure, beautiful, neat and elegant.

Later, my brother Arqing sent Paul to Khartoum to join the Red Army. In the army, Paul became a cavalry and fought bravely. After the battle, he also likes to read novels such as The Gadfly and Spartacus, and tells them to his comrades whenever he has time. In a fierce battle, he was seriously injured in the head and was taken to the hospital. After leaving the hospital, Paul stayed with a relative in Tonya. He had an eye problem and couldn't go back to the front, but he immediately threw himself into all kinds of arduous work in the local area. At a gathering of workers' comrades, Paul was ridiculed and laughed at by the workers because he took away tonia, who was beautifully dressed and neatly dressed? Paul realized that tonia was not in the same class as himself, so he made up his mind to break up their relationship.

In order to supply urban timber, Paul took part in railway construction. Autumn rain, mud, heavy snow and frozen soil, the working conditions are getting worse and worse, and the harassment, disease and hunger of armed bandits are also threatening Paul and his comrades. However, the railway was completed as scheduled, and Zhu, who has been promoted to the position of member of the provincial party committee, was deeply moved by their revolutionary enthusiasm, saying that "this is how steel is tempered".

Because of his outstanding achievements, Guo Taiming was appointed as the secretary of the Youth League Committee of a railway factory. Lida, a female political commissar, often helps Paul improve his consciousness and do a good job. Paul gradually fell in love with Rita, but sacrificed his second budding love on the grounds of revolution.

Paul was hospitalized again for pneumonia and recovered, but the doctor found a shrapnel wound on his spine. During his illness in his hometown, Paul visited the tomb of Letu and was deeply moved. He issued a touching and deafening rhetoric: "A person's most precious thing is life ... that's how a person's life should be spent ..." After his illness, Paul devoted himself to revolutionary work: at work, he resolutely fought against all kinds of non-mainstream ideas and "bad style" and gave it to his comrades.

Paul's constitution is getting worse and worse. 1924, the party organization had to unload all the burdens on him and let him rest for a long time. His eyesight is getting worse and worse. While recuperating at the seaside, Paul met Daya, the youngest daughter of a worker's family. At Daya's home, Paul encouraged Daya to rebel against her stubborn father and led her to join the Soviet Union. Dia and Paul are married.

1927, Paul was completely paralyzed and then went blind. He was once discouraged and wanted to commit suicide, but his strong revolutionary belief helped him out of the trough. Under extremely difficult conditions, Paul began his literary creation. 1934, with the help of his mother, wife and comrades-in-arms, his autobiographical novel How the Steel was Tempered was finally published! Paul is glad that he has a new revolutionary weapon-writing.

Brief Introduction of Camel Xiangzi

The novel Camel's Appearance is the representative work of Lao She 1899 to 1966, a famous modern writer in China. Lao She, whose original name was Shu Qingchun, was born in a poor family in Beijing and grew up in the living environment of the bottom citizens in Beijing. From 1924, Lao She worked as a Chinese teacher in Tian Xiang, England, until 1929. There, he read a lot of western European literary masterpieces and began to write novels. Early works, such as Lao Zhang's Philosophy, Zhao Ziyue, Ermayina, etc. There is irony in humor, which is quite close to that written by British writer Dickens, but exaggeration is sometimes out of proportion, and it is almost flashy. However, for Lao She, the initial creation is an indispensable practice. In 1930s, his creation gradually matured, and finally his masterpiece Camel Xiangzi was released at 1936.

Camel Xiangzi tells the tragic story of Xiangzi, a rickshaw driver in Beiping, old China. Xiangzi came from the countryside, and the declining countryside made him unable to survive. He came to this city, eager to create a new life with his honest work. He tried all kinds of jobs and finally chose a rickshaw. This career choice shows that although Xiangzi left the land, his way of thinking is still the way of thinking of farmers. He is used to individual labor, and he is also eager to have a car as reliable as land. Buy a car and be an independent worker. "This is his wish, hope and even religion." The city seems to have given Xiangzi a chance to realize his wish. Struggled for three years, bought a car, and was robbed in less than half a year. But Xiangzi still refused to give up his car dream. Although he doubted his pursuit and wavered several times, he kept pulling himself together and struggling again. It should be said that Xiangzi's tenacious character and stubborn attitude struggle with life, which constitutes the main plot content of the novel. The end of the struggle ended in Xiangzi's failure, and he finally failed to realize his dream of owning his own car. The realistic profundity of this novel lies in that it not only describes Xiangzi's material life deprived by the harsh living environment, but also describes Xiangzi's spiritual degeneration after his life ideal is destroyed. "He has no heart. His heart has been taken away." In this way, a hardworking and kind-hearted rural youth was transformed into a walking dead unemployed.

Xiangzi's tragedy is the product of his social life environment. By describing the characters and interpersonal relationships around Xiangzi, the novel truly shows the life of that dark society, the ugly faces of warlords, spies and car factory owners, and the distorted reflection of the oppression and oppressed relationship of Xiangzi by their ruling network. The novel does not avoid the instinctive desire and a little attachment between Xiangzi and Tigress, but at the same time it profoundly describes that even this kind of love between men and women is based on the relationship between money and interests, so Tigress should always keep the money in her own hands. "The money is in her own hands, and the power is on her own." The combination of Tigress and Xiangzi undoubtedly aggravated Xiangzi's tragedy.

Camel Xiangzi occupies an important position in the history of modern literature in China. Most of the new literature after the May 4th Movement is good at describing the lives of intellectuals and peasants, but few works describe the urban poor. The appearance of Lao She broke this situation. With a number of works describing the life of the urban poor, especially the novel Camel Xiangzi, he expanded the expression range of new literature and made special contributions to the development of new literature.

Camel Xiangzi was first published in Cosmic Wind magazine (1936), and the new single was published by People's Literature Publishing House (1955+0). Lao She once made a revision, deleting the second half of Chapter 23 and the whole Chapter 24. The complete works of Lao She published by People's Literature Publishing House in 1980s, 1982, restored the original appearance of the old edition.

Xiangzi's hometown is in the countryside. When his parents died at the age of eighteen, he went to Beiping to earn money. With that strong, wooden, diligent and honest country boy, he did a lot of money-making things. Finally, he decided that pulling a cart was the best money-making job. When he pulled the rented new car, he made up his mind to save money to buy his own car.

Xiangzi scrimped, smoked, drank and gambled, and finally spent three years collecting 100 hard-earned money to buy a new car. I feel that life is full of hope, and the more I pull, the harder I work. However, the good times did not last long. Warlords scuffled outside Beiping, and soldiers grabbed people and cars everywhere. One day, in order to earn two more dollars, Xiangzi invited guests out of the city by luck. Unexpectedly, on the road, people and cars were caught by more than a dozen soldiers. In the military camp, he carries luggage for the soldiers every day, draws water and boils water to feed the animals. He felt sorry for the car he had worked hard for. Later, after the defeat, Xiangzi slipped back from the barracks in the dark. He also pulled three camels left by the soldiers when they retreated and sold them to 35 yuan. Since then, he has been nicknamed "Xiangzi Camel".

Xiangzi has no home, so he lives in the garage in Si Liu. Si Liu has more than 60 cars in his garage, and his daughter Tigress helps him manage them. Tigress is a 37-year-old girl, dignified and strong, like a man. Master Si Liu is in charge, and Tigress is in charge. Father and daughter manage people and the garage like iron barrels. It seems that he has a soft spot for cars, and he doesn't want to be idle at ordinary times, cleaning cars, cheering up, hanging ponchos, refueling ... having fun. So sometimes, although Xiangzi didn't pull Si Liu's rickshaw, Si Liu let him stay in the factory all the time. One night, Tigress lured him to drink, and then slept with Xiangzi all night. Xiangzi woke up depressed and began to try to avoid her. Just as his regular customer, Mr. Cao, asked him to buy a monthly subscription, Xiangzi moved to Cao Zhai with joy.

Unexpectedly, Tigress put a pillow in her waistband, stood up and said that she was pregnant with Xiangzi's child, threatening Xiangzi to marry her. Xiangzi can only be at her mercy.

Mr. Cao's socialist remarks caught the detective's attention and he had to hide far away. He sent Xiangzi home to deliver the letter. As a result, Xiangzi was blackmailed by Detective Sun, and his plan to buy a car went bankrupt. Xiangzi had no choice but to go back to the garage. Si Liu couldn't stand his daughter being with that smelly rickshaw, forcing her to make a choice. Tigress insisted on choosing Xiangzi, but Si Liu immediately fell out with Tigress and kicked Xiangzi out. Tigress asked Xiangzi to tell Si Liu that he was soft-hearted and resigned to his fate, but Xiangzi refused. So Tigress simply rented a house, hired a sedan chair and married Xiangzi. She used her private money to buy Xiangzi's neighbor Er Qiangzi's car at a low price.

Soon Tigress was really pregnant. He worked hard to pull a rickshaw to make money, fell ill and used up Tigress's savings. Joel Hadron's daughter Joey also helps with the housework. Tigress died in childbirth. Xiangzi sold the car to attend Tigress's funeral. Joy is interested in Xiangzi, and Xiangzi likes her very much, but she can't afford two younger brothers and a drunken father. He said to Joey, "When I get mixed up, I'll marry you." He found another garage and pulled up the rickshaw. When Mr. Cao came back from refuge, he asked Xiangzi to come back to collect the moon and promised him to take Xi 'er to live with him. However, Joy was sold into a brothel and died. Xiangzi lost his mind in the street and finally completely degenerated. He ate, drank, whored, gambled, got gonorrhea, became lazy and oily, and betrayed his friends. He didn't go back to Mr. Cao's house, and finally made a living by doing odd jobs for people who arranged weddings and funerals, and Xiangzi also came to his end.

How steel was tempered: Paul Kochakin was born in poverty, was bullied since childhood, lived in the dark world of Russia at that time, and suffered a lot. Finally, I exercised my iron will in the dark society. The story happened before the Russian 10 Revolution.

Xiangzi Camel: Old Beijing drivers' dream of making money is coming soon and shattered. It embodies the perseverance of old Beijing workers.

Reply: Cool 74 18- Beginner in Jianghu Level 3 8-23 20:42

In old Beijing, thousands of rickshaws are dying, and Xiangzi is one of them. Xiangzi, a young and strong farmer, was forced to run to the city after losing his parents and land, and became a rickshaw driver for Liu Si and the automobile factory. Xiangzi, who was competitive, used his strength to pull a rickshaw to make money, hoping that he could buy a beautiful rickshaw and become a "free rickshaw puller" instead of taking it out on the people who tied the rickshaw. He went out early and came back late, hungry and cold, and worked hard for three years, and finally saved enough 100 yuan to buy a new car. In Beijing in the 1920s, the warlords were in a scuffle and the soldiers were in a state of chaos. In order to survive, Xiangzi still pulls carts from morning till night. One day, as soon as he left Xizhimen, he was taken away by several soldiers who arrested his husband, both men and cars. When the team fled, Xiangzi was sad to see his car rolling into the mountain stream with shells ... The soldiers fled, and Xiangzi accidentally picked up three camels left by the disorderly army. He sold his camel and went back to the garage, dreaming of buying another foreign car. It is said that Xiangzi sold 30 camels and made a fortune. His nickname is Xiangzi Camel.

Tigress, the daughter of Si Liu, the owner of a car factory, is thirty-seven or eight years old and not married. She manages everything in the garage, big and small. She is so fierce that no one dares to provoke her. She fell in love with Xiangzi, who was younger than herself 10 years old, and took him home for a drink. Xiangzi couldn't control himself when he was drunk, and he was entangled in Tigress. Afterwards, Xiangzi was ashamed, regretted and hated. In order to get rid of Tigress, he came to the home of Mr. Cao, a professor at Democratic University, and pulled the car for a month. The Cao family treated him well, and the master and servant got along well. Xiangzi saved all the money he earned in a gourd jar and was bent on buying a car.

Unexpectedly, Tigress came to the door and insisted that she would marry Xiangzi when she was pregnant. At this time, a detective who followed Mr. Cao came to the next room and robbed Xiangzi of all the money he had worked so hard to save. The unlucky Xiangzi had to leave Cao's house and go back to Renhe Car Shop. Si Liu, who was born as a gangster, decided that Xiangzi was pestering Tigress because he cared about his sixty rickshaws. He thought it was a shame for his daughter to marry a coachman and threatened that he would rather set fire to the garage than let them get cheap. Tigress said she was going to marry Xiangzi, and Xiangzi was going to marry Tigress. Si Liu sold the garage and disappeared without a trace.

Xiangzi lived in a big yard where the poor lived after marriage. Er Qiangzi is also a coachman. For the survival of his family, he forced his daughter Joy into prostitution. Xiangzi sympathized with Joy's experience. Soon, Tigress died in childbirth and hid her feelings for Xiangzi with joy, but poverty could not combine them. Xiangzi said to Joy, "Wait, I'll pick you up after mixing! However, the hardships of life made Joy unable to wait any longer. Xiangzi was full of hope for the future. When he went to meet her, he saw a noose hanging from the tree on the right. Xiangzi, who was competitive, went to ruin in despair and was eventually swallowed up by a cannibal society.

The film creators followed the original intention of Mr. Lao She and wrote about the sufferings of the working people in the old society through Xiangzi's tragedy. In terms of characterization, it is more developed than the original. As a unique artistic model on the screen, Tigress has made outstanding contributions to re-creation. Tigress is the center of character relations and plot clues, and her entanglements with Xiangzi, Si Liu, Joy and others fully show the versatility of her personality.

Through the creation of several vivid characters, the film shows a true picture of old China, with a strong flavor of life and distinctive national style and local color. Under the director's unified thought, various art departments have made outstanding creations.

References:

/view/4 1093.htm Paul grew up in bitter water, lost his father in his early years, his mother washed and cooked for others, and his brother was a worker. When Paul 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs. He worked in the canteen for two years and was humiliated.

After the outbreak of the October Revolution, Paul's hometown, Shebetovka, Ukraine, was trampled by foreign armed meddlers and domestic reactionaries, just like other places in the Soviet Union. The Red Army liberated the town of Shebetovka, but soon retreated, leaving only the old Bolshevik Zhuhler to do underground work in the town. Zhu stayed in Paul's house for a few days and told Paul a lot about the revolution, the working class and class struggle: "Now the whole world is on fire, and slaves are getting up. They want to overthrow the old world, but for this, they need a group of brave brothers who can fight resolutely." Zhu's inspiration and education played a decisive role in Paul's ideological growth.

Suddenly, Zhu was caught by bandits. Paul was anxious to ask around. One day, when bandits were escorting Zhu, Paul suddenly swooped down, drove the bandits into the trench and fled with Zhu. However, due to the snitch of Victor, the son of Polish aristocrat Lizensky, Paul was thrown into prison. After coming out of prison, Paul ran like hell. Afraid of falling into the clutches again, he didn't dare to go home, so he unconsciously came to the garden gate of Tonya. He jumped into the garden. Tonia likes Paul's "warm and stubborn" personality, and Paul also thinks that tonia is "different from other rich girls". Later, they met several times and gradually fell in love. In order to take refuge, Paul agreed to Tonya's request and stayed. A few days later, Tonya found Paul's brother Arqing, and he sent his brother to Khartoum to join the Red Army.

In a fierce battle, Paul was seriously injured in the head. But he overcame death with amazing perseverance. After leaving the hospital, he was no longer fit to return to the front line and took part in the work of restoring and building the country. Here, as the owner of the working class, he is also nervously involved in all kinds of hard work. He works in the league, eliminates counter-revolutionaries and directly takes part in hard manual labor. In the construction of narrow gauge railway, Paul showed a high degree of political enthusiasm and selfless labor spirit.

Paul has only seen her twice since he said goodbye to her at tonia's house. The first time was after he was discharged from the hospital, and the last time was on the railway site. Paul found that with the deepening of the revolution, the ideological gap between the two became wider and wider, and they had nothing in common at all, so they parted ways.

At the end of the road construction project, Paul got typhoid fever. He returned to work after his illness. He took part in industrial construction and frontier struggle, and joined the party. However, because Paul was seriously injured and wounded many times in the war, he became seriously ill several times later, and because of his selfless work and labor, he didn't take good care of his body at ordinary times, and his physique became worse and worse. 1927, he was almost completely paralyzed, and then he went blind. Serious illness finally bound this young man full of revolutionary enthusiasm to his sickbed. However, under the condition that Paul endured unimaginable physical and mental pain, he found the strength to "return to the team" again. He set himself two tasks: on the one hand, he was determined to help his wife Daya make progress; On the other hand, I decided to start literary creation. In this way, "Paul took up new weapons and started a new life."