Basic knowledge of photography for beginners

The basic knowledge of novice photography is as follows: 1. The shorter the focal length, the wider the viewing angle. 2. The smaller the value after f, the larger the aperture. The larger the value after f, the smaller the aperture. 3. The longer the focal length of the lens, the shallower the depth of field. 4. The lower the shutter speed, the less light will enter. 5. When the shutter and aperture are fixed, the greater the sensitivity, the brighter the photo. 6. Common composition techniques, such as diagonal composition. 7, common lighting skills, such as smooth light, side light. 8. Avoid overexposure and underexposure, and pay attention to fill light.

First, the focal length

The smaller the number, the shorter the focal length and the wider the viewing angle; The larger the number, the longer the focal length and the narrower the viewing angle. A lens with a focal length of 300mm has a viewing angle of only 8; And an 8mm super wide-angle lens has a viewing angle of 180. Usually, lenses with focal length below 24mm are suitable for shooting landscape themes; Lenses with focal lengths of 50mm and 85mm are suitable for taking portraits.

Second, the aperture

Aperture is a device used to control the amount of light entering the surface of the photosensitive part of the fuselage through the lens. It is a component inside the lens. The smaller the value after f, the larger the aperture. The larger the value after f, the smaller the aperture. For example, F 1.4 is a large aperture and F 16 is a small aperture.

Third, the depth of field

1, the larger the aperture (the smaller the aperture value f) and the shallower the depth of field, the smaller the aperture (the larger the aperture value f) and the deeper the depth of field.

2. The longer the focal length of the lens, the shallower the depth of field, and vice versa.

3. The closer the subject is, the shallower the depth of field is, and the farther the subject is, the deeper the depth of field is.

Fourth, the shutter speed

When the shutter speed is low and the shutter opening time is short, the amount of light entering is small, and the amount of light read by the photosensitive element is naturally small; On the contrary, when the shutter speed is high, the amount of light read by the photosensitive element is also large. The general expressions of shutter speed are1100s, 1/30s, 2s.

Verb (short for verb) sensitivity

Sensitivity, also known as ISO value, mainly measures the sensitivity of negative film to light. When the shutter and aperture are fixed, the greater the sensitivity value, the brighter the photo will be, and vice versa. However, the sensitivity has a certain influence on the image quality. Generally, the sensitivity is below 800, and the finer the picture quality, the more noise will appear in the photo. The higher the sensitivity, the more noise.

Sixth, composition

Common composition methods are: nine-grid composition, diagonal composition and frame composition. Among them, diagonal composition is very flexible, and it is widely used in both landscape photography and portrait photography. Diagonal composition can attract the attention of the audience, attract the audience to see the whole picture, and make the picture elastic at the same time.

Seven, it's used up

Shun lighting means that the illumination direction of light is the same or basically the same as the shooting direction of the camera, and there is no obvious relationship between light and shade in the picture composition. Shun lighting means that the illumination direction of light is the same or basically the same as the shooting direction of the camera, and there is no obvious relationship between light and shade in the picture composition. Shun lighting means that the illumination direction of light is the same or basically the same as the shooting direction of the camera, and there is no obvious relationship between light and shade in the picture composition. The light shining downward from the top of the main body, outdoors, most often meets the top light from about 1 1 to 3 pm.

Eight, overexposure and underexposure

Avoid overexposure and underexposure: the key is accurate focusing. When shooting, in the environment where the light is too strong and too dark, choose the position where the focus is displayed on the screen (neither bright nor dark) to avoid focusing on the position that is too bright or too dark.

Nine, eliminate the shadow

Pay attention to fill the light, the shadow can enhance the three-dimensional sense of the photo, if it is not used well, the picture will become very uncoordinated.