Kneeling for Appreciation of Three Ancient Poems

(Qing) He

Sit and watch the reflection dip into the Tianhe River. The wind blows over the fence, and there is no smoke without water. ②

I want to see more fireflies than stars in the lake after people leave at night. ④

To annotate ...

① The reflection of sinking into the Tianhe River: This means that the shadow of the Tianhe River is reflected in the lotus pond. Tianhe: The Milky Way.

On a clear night, the sky presents a bright band of light, which looks like a silvery white river.

Multi-star composition, commonly known as Tianhe.

② No fluctuation of water: no ripple on the water surface.

3 I want to see: I know by inference. There is an imaginary meaning here.

④ Fireflies: refers to the light emitted by fireflies. Firefly: the name of an insect with a luminous organ at the end of its abdomen.

It can emit green light.

analyse

This is a poem describing the scenery on the lotus pond of Ci Ren Temple in summer night. On summer nights, people sit.

When I arrived at the lotus pond, I saw the shadow of the Milky Way in the sky and the lotus flowers in the pond, all of which were reflected in the clear water.

It looks as if the reflection of the lotus is immersed in the milky way. The breeze blows over the railings by the pool and the pond.

There are no ripples on the water. As you can imagine, after people dispersed in the middle of the night, fireflies flew around on the water.

Their fluorescence is reflected in water, probably more than that of stars.

The main feature of this poem is to write virtual realism, with static setting off static. Write the first two sentences about the scene in front of you and the last two sentences.

Write an imaginary scene. The real scene is quiet, but the imaginary scene is fireflies flying, reflecting into the water and moving around.

Writing static, dynamic and static all give people beautiful enjoyment. This is a famous article that has been told through the ages.

2

This poem has no amazing pen, nor does it need gorgeous words and beautiful sentences. It just draws an ordinary country night in a simple way. Handy, eloquent, but fresh and quiet, poetic.

"Frost grass and green worms are cut down, and people in the south of the village are absolutely unique." Frost grass green, pointing out the thick autumn color; Cutting insects, rendering the sadness of autumn night. Pedestrians are extinct and everything is silent. Two poems clearly outline the characteristics of country night. Although the scenery here is purely written, as Wang Guowei said in "Words on Earth", "All scenery words are sentimental words", and the bleak scenery reveals the poet's lonely feelings. This feeling in the landscape is more attractive than direct lyric.

The sentence "Look at Noda before going out" is not only a transition in the poem, but also changes the object of description from the village to the field. It is also the turning point of the two couplets, which draws a bleak atmosphere of the village night and unfolds another refreshing picture: the bright moonlight shines on the endless buckwheat field, which looks like a crystal white snow from a distance, bright and dazzling. "The bright moon is in the sky, and the buckwheat flowers are like snow". What a touching scenery, the picturesque beauty of nature infected the poet, which made him forget his loneliness for a while and could not help but marvel. This magnificent scene is in sharp contrast with the description in the first two sentences. The poet skillfully wrote the emotional changes of the characters through the transformation of natural scenery, which was so flexible and free without trace; And simple and natural, it is kind and touching to read and memorable. No wonder Tang and Song poetry praised it as "plain and plain, without fake makeup, with its own age, and the closest to the ancient among the seven wonders".

This is a poem to send a friend to the northwest frontier. Anxi, the abbreviation of Anxi Duhu, was established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the western regions, located in Qiuci City (now Kuqa, Xinjiang). The friend named Yuan went to Anxi on the orders of the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, most people who traveled westward from Chang 'an saw them off in Weicheng. Weicheng is the old city of Xianyang, Qin Dou, in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Weishui.

Write the time, place and atmosphere of farewell in the first two sentences. In the morning, the Acropolis Guest House extends from east to west, and the postal road has no end. Willow trees surround the guest house and the postal road is on both sides. All this seems to be a common sight, but it is picturesque and picturesque. Yu Chao plays an important role here. The rain didn't last long in the morning, but it stopped as soon as it got wet. On the main road from Chang 'an West, cars and horses usually cross and the dust is flying, but now the rain has suddenly stopped, the weather is fine and the road looks clean and refreshing. The word "light dust" means wet, and it is used in a measured way here, indicating that the rain is clear and the dust is not wet, just right, just like God's will, and a light dust road is specially arranged for people who travel far away. Hostel is originally the companion of travelers; Willow is a symbol of parting. Having chosen these two things, I naturally intend to end my farewell. They are usually associated with sadness and hatred, showing a feeling of ecstasy. However, today, because of a shower of morning rain, there is a clear and fresh look-"the guest house is green and willow is new." On weekdays, the roads are dusty, and the color of willows on the roadside is inevitably shrouded in gray dust and fog. It takes a rain to wash its green color again, so "new" is because of the new willow color, which reflects the green guest house. In a word, from clear skies to clean roads, from green guest houses to green willows, a picture with fresh and clear colors has been formed, which provides a typical natural environment for this farewell. This is a affectionate parting, but it is not a sad parting. Instead, it reveals a light and hopeful mood. Words such as "light dust", "green" and "new" have soft and lively voices, which strengthen readers' feelings.

There are strict restrictions on the length of quatrains. This poem, about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to raise glasses frequently at the banquet, how to say goodbye euphemistically, how to be reluctant to part with it, how to look forward and backward after boarding the ship, etc., was all given up, and only the host's toast was cut at the end of the farewell banquet: if you drink this cup again, you will never see your old friend again when you leave Yangguan. The poet, like a clever photographer, took the most expressive photos. The banquet lasted for a long time, and the wine full of special feelings was drunk too much. The words of polite farewell were repeated many times. The time for friends to go on the road is finally coming, and the feelings of farewell between host and guest have reached its peak at this moment. The toast that the host seems to blurt out is the concentrated expression of the strong and profound farewell feeling at this moment.

Three or four sentences are a whole. If you want to deeply understand the deep feelings contained in this parting consolation, you can't help but involve "going west to Yang Guan". Yangguan, located at the western end of Hexi Corridor, is opposite to Yumenguan in the north. Since the Han dynasty, it has been the channel for the mainland to go out of the western regions. The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and there were frequent exchanges between the mainland and the western regions. Joining the army or going to Yangguan is a desirable feat in the eyes of the prosperous Tang people. But at that time, the western part of Yangguan was still poor and barren, and the scenery was very different from that of the mainland. Although it is a feat, my friend's "going out to the west" can't help but go through the long March and prepare for the hardships and loneliness of going alone. Therefore, when he left, "advise you to drink more wine" was like a cup of nectar full of rich emotions, which soaked all the rich and profound friendship of the poet. There are feelings of parting, deep consideration for the situation and mood of travelers, and cordial wishes for cherishing the road ahead. For the farewell party, persuading the other party to "have more drinks" is not only to let friends take away more friendship, but also to delay the breakup intentionally or unintentionally and let the other party stay for a moment. Does the feeling of "going out of Xiyangguan for no reason" belong only to walkers? Parting, I have a lot to say, but I don't know where to start at the moment. On this occasion, there is often silence. "Advise you to drink more wine" is a way to unconsciously break this silence and express the rich and complicated feelings at the moment. What the poet has not said is much richer than what he has said. In short, although three or four sentences are only moments, they are extremely rich moments.

This poem describes the most common parting. It has no special background, but it has its own deep feelings of farewell, which is suitable for most people to sing outside the banquet. Later, it was compiled into Yuefu and became the most widely circulated and longest-lasting song.

Up there.