How does a digital camera image?

camera

digital

phylogeny

form

Imaging principle

I. Development history

The first stage of camera development;

from

1839

Solstice year

1924

Year:

The exposure time is long and the image is not clear.

Among them, the most important events are:

186 1

Physicist Maxwell invented the world's first color in 1920.

Color photos;

1866

Barium crown optics was invented in 1996 by German chemist Short and optometrist Aru of Zeiss Company.

Glass, producing a positive photographic lens;

1888

1998, Kodak company produced a new type of photosensitive material.

-Soft, windable "film"

; In the same year, Kodak invented the world's first installation adhesive.

Portable square box camera.

The second stage: from

1925

Solstice year

1938

Year: Sensitivity, resolution and width of black and white photographic film.

Tolerance is constantly improving; Color photographic film became popular. Among them, the most important events are:

1935

Year,

Eck Saquetoux single lens reflex camera appeared in Germany.

So that focusing and lens replacement are more convenient;

for

In order to make the camera exposure accurate,

1938

Kodak cameras began to be equipped with selenium photocell exposure meters in 2006.

The third stage: from

1939

Up to now: miniaturization, automation and electronization. Among them, the most important thing is

These events are:

1956

In, the Federal Republic of Germany made the electric eye camera with automatic exposure control for the first time.

1960

Years later

,

Cameras began to adopt electronic technology, and a variety of automatic exposure forms and electronic programs appeared.

Shutter;

1975

After many years, the operation of the camera began to be automated.

Second, the composition of the digital camera

In the past, the basic components of a general camera were:

1

) lens

The lens focuses the scene on the reflection of the film. In order to make the images of the photographed objects in different positions clear,

Except that the lens itself needs correction.

2

) viewfinder

In order to determine the shooting range of the scene and facilitate shooting and composition,

A camera should be equipped with a viewfinder.

The viewfinder of modern cameras also has the functions of ranging and focusing.

three

) shutter and aperture

In order to adapt to different objects with different brightness and darkness and obtain correct exposure on film, it is necessary.

Control the exposure time and light intensity entering the lens. So the camera must be controlled by setting the shutter.

Control the exposure time, set the aperture, and control the light quantity by adjusting the aperture size.

four

) film feed counting mechanism

To prepare for the second shoot,

The exposed film needs to be pulled apart,

The exposed film should be pulled over,

Therefore, modern cameras need a film conveying mechanism. In order to indicate the number of films taken, an instrument is needed.

Number of institutions.

five

) fuselage

It is not only the black box of the camera, but also the combination of various parts of the camera. Can be represented by a block diagram.

The most basic parts of a camera.

Today's digital cameras are composed of lenses.

Charge coupled device

、

Analog-digital conversion

(mode

/

Digitizer)

、

Microprocessor Unit (microprocessor unit)

(microprocessor)

、

Built-in memory,

liquid-crystal display

(LCD)

、

personal computer

Card (removable storage) and interface (computer

Interface, TV interface, etc., are usually installed inside the digital camera, of course.

There are also some digital cameras whose liquid crystal displays are separated from the camera body.

Third, the imaging principle.

For a film camera, the reflected light of the scene converges through the lens to form a latent image on the film.

Shadow,

This latent image is the result of chemical reaction between light and emulsion on film.

And then developing and fixing.

Processing to form an image. A digital camera focuses an image on an imaging element through an optical system.

CCD/

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor

Go, pass

Analog-digital conversion

The convert converts that photoelectric signal of each pixel into a digital signal, and then convert the digital signal into a digital signal.

No children after death.

Processed into digital images and stored in a storage medium.

Fourth, summary.

Understanding the camera helps us to understand the process of image formation, from which we can think of some control.

Factors that control various features of images.

To supplement the principle of camera imaging, in short, it is the knowledge of convex lens and concave lens that we learned in junior high school physics.