Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - Classification and characteristics of photographic lenses?

Classification and characteristics of photographic lenses?

fish-eye lens

fish-eye lens

wide-angle lens

standard lens

Medium focal length lens

telephoto lens

Take a small camera (model 135) as an example, briefly explain:

(1) standard lens

A lens with a focal length between 40mm and 60mm is called a "standard lens". The visual angle of this lens is close to the clear visual field of human eyes when observing the scene, which can provide the most normal visual effect; The focal length of these lenses is close to the diagonal length of the film, and they are all high-quality lenses with excellent imaging, simple structure and large luminous flux, which is the "standard" configuration of the camera.

(2) Wide angle lens

A lens with a focal length between 24 mm and 38 mm is called a "wide-angle lens". Wide-angle lens can provide a wide angle of view, thus bringing more scenes into the shooting range, which is conducive to shooting large scenes and shooting in narrow places. Generally, there are 35mm, 28mm and 24mm lenses in this focal length segment, and the 28mm lens is called "standard wide-angle lens" because of its wide viewing angle and no obvious aberration.

(3) Super wide-angle lens

A lens with a focal length less than 24mm is called a "super wide angle lens". As the name implies, a super wide-angle lens has a wider viewing angle and a wider shooting range than a wide-angle lens. Because shooting a large scene, it is difficult to correct all the aberrations of the lens, so the deformation is obvious and the illumination of the image field is not very uniform. However, compared with its special shooting ability, these shortcomings are acceptable.

(4) fisheye lens

A lens whose focal length range is less than 16 mm and whose aberration is not corrected in the manufacturing process is called a "fisheye lens". The viewing angle of the fisheye lens reaches 180 degrees or above.

This kind of lens actually belongs to a special lens and is used in special occasions. You should also pay great attention when using it.

(5) medium focal length lens

A lens with a focal length ranging from 70mm to 135mm is called a "medium focal length lens". The medium focal length lens has moderate focal length and excellent aberration correction, and most of them are high-speed photographic lenses, which have good perspective effect and can give people a comfortable and natural feeling. Widely used in portrait photography, landscape photography and other topics.

(6) Long focal length lens

A lens with a focal length exceeding 135mm is called a "long focal length lens". Because of the narrow viewing angle, the long focal length lens can bring the distant scene closer and form a larger image on the film, and the shooting effect has a strong sense of perspective compression, which is conducive to separating the subject from the background. Mainly used for long-distance shooting, or for close-up photography.