Principle and application of intelligent classroom and intelligent teaching

With the continuous evolution of multimedia teaching means and equipment, and the gradual improvement of intelligent teaching support tools, great changes have taken place in teaching methods and implementation approaches. Curriculum teaching has changed from traditional one-way knowledge imparting to two-way and multi-directional ability training, and teachers have changed from knowledge imparting to learning guiding. This paper studies and analyzes the elements of multimedia classroom. Through reasonable planning, a multimedia classroom suitable for school application needs will be built. With the support of software platform, intelligent teaching is realized through mixed teaching mode, which improves teaching efficiency and quality.

With the progress of science and technology, modern educational technology is constantly improving. Multimedia technology is introduced in the process of education and teaching, and the original abstract and boring learning content is intuitively expressed through graphics, animation and other forms, which enhances students' interest in learning. Rich teaching resources and vivid teaching scenes have changed classroom teaching, and multimedia is rapidly popularized in teaching. How media information means will develop, how to support teaching, what mode classroom teaching and extracurricular learning will be, and how to build smart classroom and implement smart teaching have become the research and application hotspots of vocational education informatization.

In the past century, with the development of information technology, great changes have taken place in the means and equipment of multimedia information display. With the popularization of computers and the advent of the era of computer-assisted instruction, the multimedia information means of classroom teaching are also developing constantly. From the beginning of the last century to the 1990s, the teaching materials were mainly displayed in the form of video, which experienced slide show, transparent film show, tape recorder, CD player and so on. Since 1990s, the display carriers of teaching materials have been transformed into network classroom screen broadcast, LCD projector, photoelectric induction electronic whiteboard, touch integrated large-screen TV, etc., and gradually spread to school classrooms, with more humanized and intelligent teaching equipment and facilities.

With the improvement of teaching methods and teaching means, teachers have gradually changed from imparting knowledge to guiding learning, with higher and higher requirements for teachers and diversified functions of teachers. At the same time, all kinds of schools are constantly upgrading their teaching environment, and multimedia classrooms will become more open, intelligent, interactive and mobile.

The multimedia classroom of intelligent teaching usually includes six elements, as shown in figure 1. The computer is mainly responsible for the information processing of multimedia teaching resources, and then displays the teaching resources and interactive results through the display device; In the teaching process, the writing and amplification system is used to express and annotate the content, and even the teaching content and the language of teachers and students are collected and played; The synchronous recording of classroom real-life teaching is made into video courseware through camera equipment and classroom recording system.

At present, many schools are transforming ordinary classrooms into multimedia classrooms, and some schools hope to upgrade the existing multimedia classrooms. In the process of building and upgrading multimedia classrooms, schools should make reasonable plans, take into account the construction cost and follow-up maintenance on the premise of meeting the teaching needs.

computer

Computer is one of the most basic multimedia classroom equipment, and its main types are shown in table 1.

There are three main computer operating systems: Android, Mac OS and Windows. Early multimedia teaching equipment mostly used Android system, which has been basically eliminated at present. There are compatibility problems between Apple computer and various peripheral hardware and application software, which leads to the unavailability of many excellent teaching resources and is not conducive to the upgrading and maintenance of multimedia classrooms. The software supporting Windows operating system is very rich, which can meet various teaching applications. However, Microsoft has stopped supporting XP system upgrade, and the school should upgrade to WIN 10 as soon as possible to be compatible with and support all kinds of application software.

If you only meet the functions of simply playing electronic lesson plans, playing audio and video media, electronic blackboard writing software, etc., the requirements for computer configuration are not high. If you want to run all kinds of teaching software, you must use the Windows operating system. Recommended configuration: Intel Core 7th/8th generation I5 CPU, integrated graphics card, 8G DDR4 memory, 256GB NVMe solid state drive.

Display device

Common multimedia display devices include projectors, LCD screens and LED splicing screens.

Projectors are divided into ordinary projectors and laser projectors. Ordinary projection has been gradually eliminated because of its short life, low brightness and poor display effect. Laser projector has high brightness, long service life and low failure rate, but its cost is high.

The common LCD screens in multimedia classrooms mainly include ordinary LCD TVs, integrated teaching machines and LCD splicing screens. Ordinary LCD TV has large production and sales volume, high quality and low price, and extremely convenient after-sales maintenance, which is a trend of multimedia classroom construction. All-in-one teaching machine has the advantages of small production and sales volume, high price and high maintenance cost. LCD splicing screen is expensive and can be used in large classrooms. LED splicing screen is expensive, high in energy consumption and high in failure rate, and is usually used in large lecture halls, lecture halls and conference halls.

The brightness and clarity of display equipment are very important to the teaching effect, so the display area and brightness of the equipment should match the classroom area. The recommended parameters are shown in Table 2.

Writing equipment

Through writing equipment, teachers and students can construct the meaning of teaching content and focus on marking, writing on the blackboard and so on. Strengthen the communication between teachers and students and improve the teaching effect.

At present, there are three main types of multimedia classroom writing equipment: large-screen display writing, podium writing with the same screen and handwriting board writing.

Large screen display writing is mainly written on infrared electronic whiteboard and LCD touch screen display. The former will be gradually eliminated because of the long delay and poor writing experience, while the latter is expensive. Writing on a large screen monitor requires the teacher to stand in front of the screen, which limits the range of activities and easily causes visual fatigue.

Writing on the same screen on the podium means that teachers write and operate computers on the small screen of the podium and display them synchronously on the big screen. The writing experience and blackboard writing effect are very good, especially the large-scale blackboard writing in science and engineering, which is the future application trend.

Using wireless handwriting board to write, teachers can get rid of the shackles of the podium, fully interact with students, master the teaching rhythm and stimulate students' interest in learning. At the same time, with the help of the pointer, teachers can help students deepen their learning and memory of knowledge, which will be widely used.

wired broadcasting

The public address system of multimedia classroom is mainly composed of input equipment microphone, output equipment power amplifier and speaker.

In order to facilitate teachers to walk around teaching, wireless microphones are usually used in classroom teaching. Common wireless microphones are seat type, handheld type, chest hanging type, collar clip type and ear hanging type. Ear-hanging wireless microphone is small and light, hands-free and stable in sound quality, which is worth recommending. In addition, the microphone effect, pickup type, directivity and sound quality should also be considered when selecting the microphone. The noise in the teaching environment is complex, so it is recommended to choose a single-directional microphone.

Mike's voice was collected by the computer and played through the loudspeaker. Ordinary classrooms generally use active audio with integrated power amplifier. Excessive power is likely to cause noise and howling, which will affect the teaching of adjacent classrooms. The speaker power of 6- 10W is enough for a standard classroom with about 50 people.

Camera equipment

According to different application scenarios, multimedia classrooms usually use four types of equipment to collect classroom images: physical booths, cameras, surveillance cameras and USB cameras.

Most classrooms are equipped with physical display tables/overhead cameras, which can push teaching materials, documents, physical objects and teachers' words to the projector or display screen, and are mostly used for homework explanation, test paper review and other scenes. For training courses, open courses and excellent courses with high requirements, schools often use professional photography teams to shoot and produce high-quality video courses, and use workstations and professional non-editing software to collect teaching scenes with multiple cameras and then process them with audio and video, which is costly and takes a long time. Some schools use surveillance cameras to record classroom scenes, which can be used as the basis for teaching evaluation and attendance, and can also be made into learning resources with low requirements.

Regular teachers generally use notebook cameras or USB external HD cameras to prepare lessons or record micro-lesson resources. Using USB camera can easily shoot classroom scenes and experimental demonstrations, which is simple and easy to use. Teachers and students can operate on their own in the classroom, with high cost performance and low cost. It is suggested to use a tripod to fix the USB external camera (machine) and shoot multiple cameras at the same time for synchronous recording in ordinary classrooms. The camera can also realize the function of shooting at high altitude. The collected pictures are displayed with large screen equipment, and the video pictures are explained and marked synchronously with writing equipment. The teaching effect is comparable to one-on-one on-site explanation by teachers and students. This method can completely solve the problems of limited space, crowded students and blocked sight, and greatly improve the teaching efficiency.

Classroom recording system

In order to promote the construction of school resources and provide students with after-class review courseware, it is often necessary to record and broadcast the classroom teaching process simultaneously. Common recording methods include three-screen recording, studio shooting, synchronous recording of teaching monitoring system, synchronous recording of classroom scenes, etc.

The form of three-screen recording courseware is relatively fixed, and most of them are recorded in the recording and broadcasting classroom, which lacks realism and interactivity in the classroom and has gradually faded out of everyone's sight. Some schools have set up special video studios, and some powerful schools use matting technology to make virtual scenes. This kind of recording and broadcasting classroom and recording and broadcasting system has considerable investment and low utilization rate, and is generally not used in multimedia classrooms and ordinary classrooms. Some schools use the teaching monitoring system to record classes synchronously. This method mainly uses the camera of teaching monitoring as the scene shooting, which is generally used for synchronous recording of classes with low quality requirements.

The recording system records the real scenes of teachers' classroom teaching, electronic lecture notes, experimental operation and teaching activities synchronously, which can better meet the application needs of schools. Using the classroom recording system, classroom scenes and teacher-student interaction are recorded synchronously, and digital teaching resources including classroom scenes are generated, which can be used for students' after-class review, teaching demonstration exchange and inter-school education resources. This recording method restores the real classroom teaching process and has low implementation cost, which is the main direction of future development.

The construction of multimedia classrooms should be planned rationally, follow the principle of "stable operation, practical function, easy expansion, easy maintenance and high cost performance", make maximum use of classroom resources, assist teachers to complete teaching tasks efficiently, and improve school teaching quality.

Comrade Du Zhanyuan, Vice Minister of Education, pointed out at the symposium on the pilot work of educational informatization: "The core concept of educational informatization is the deep integration of information technology and education and teaching practice. Simple hardware facilities are not educational informationization; Only by combining information technology with the process of education and teaching and transforming education and teaching with information technology is education informatization. "

Multimedia teaching is not simply using hardware. We should give full play to the initiative and flexibility of teaching, change one-way knowledge transfer into two-way and multi-directional ability training, and then realize "wisdom" teaching and learning. Teachers' roles have changed accordingly, changing into classroom designers and questioners, preparing lessons carefully in advance, creating the best learning situation for students in the classroom, mastering the initiative in the classroom, stimulating students' thinking, enhancing students' interest and initiative in learning, and successfully completing teaching tasks. The rational use of multimedia technology in information-based teaching will not only help to improve the teaching quality, but also accumulate intellectual assets for the school.

Application of preparing lessons before class

Schools should fully implement and implement the construction of resource pool platform and the sharing of resources on campus, enrich the resource pool through self-construction, purchase and customized development, and gradually realize that each course has a rich and high-quality material pool. When preparing lessons, teachers obtain material resources from the resource management platform, customize personalized lesson plans based on the online lesson preparation platform, carefully design teaching processes, assign homework and answer questions, and complete online lesson preparation.

Classroom teaching application

In teaching, teachers organize classroom activities around personalized electronic lesson plans, set teaching situations, help students build knowledge, and improve students' attention and participation through group discussions, competitions and practical demonstrations. With the help of wireless handwriting equipment, teachers can leave the podium and interact with students efficiently, fully mobilize students' initiative, and cultivate students' innovative ability and autonomous learning ability.

In the teaching process, classroom scenes and teacher-student interaction are recorded synchronously by classroom recording system, and digital teaching resources including classroom scenes are generated, which can be used for students' after-class review, teaching demonstration exchange and school-level educational resources.

Application for extracurricular activities

After class, teachers can use the teaching platform to carry out student-centered teaching activities. For example, set questions or tasks in advance, provide handouts, videos, courseware, exercises and other materials for students to preview, and students can log on to the teaching platform to get real-life lessons and micro-lessons. Conduct autonomous learning. In the learning process, online question and answer or group discussion can be conducted, which fully embodies the individuality and autonomy of learning. With the help of the platform, each student's learning situation can be recorded and tracked, teachers can objectively evaluate students according to the records, and even implement personalized hierarchical teaching to improve teaching quality.

In our opinion, the traditional teacher-led classroom teaching method will continue, but teachers can quickly obtain resources from the school resource database and prepare lessons through the network platform, so that they can work out excellent teaching plans with little time. After class, students can learn resources such as live recording and interactive answering questions on the platform by means of platform layout, submission and homework correction. This is the mixed teaching mode of intelligent teaching supported by software platform. Using information technology to change the traditional classroom will greatly improve the teaching efficiency and quality.

Multimedia classrooms, digital teaching resources and mixed teaching software support tools are necessary conditions for intelligent teaching. Building a multimedia classroom that supports teachers to annotate on the blackboard and interact deeply with students when they leave the podium, and supporting the simultaneous display and recording of real scenes, electronic speeches, experimental operations and teaching activities in the classroom, not only helps to strengthen teaching interaction, enhance students' interest and initiative in learning, but also gradually accumulates a lot of teaching resources for the school. The application of intelligent teaching supported by multimedia classrooms and software platforms will inject new vitality into classroom teaching and promote teaching reform and promotion.