Basic knowledge of photographic structure

Basic knowledge of photographic composition

Basic knowledge of photographic composition, in life, many people like photography, and people who like photography have no special understanding of the basic knowledge of photographic composition. I've sorted out the basic knowledge of photographic composition for you. Let's have a look.

Basic knowledge of photographic composition 1 1, three-way composition

Triangular composition, also called Jiugongge composition, is a relatively common and simple composition method.

There are generally two horizontal lines and two vertical lines to divide the picture equally. When in use, the main body is placed on the four intersections of the line or on the line. Simple operation, vivid performance and concise picture. Many cameras are directly equipped with this composition auxiliary line, which is widely used, especially in landscape and portrait.

2. Symmetric synthesis

Symmetrical composition has the characteristics of up-and-down symmetry and left-and-right symmetry. , and has the characteristics of balance and stability. Such as the reflection in the lake, showing the characteristics of aesthetic artistic conception and picture balance.

3. Frame composition

This is to choose a frame as the foreground of our picture, guide the audience's line of sight to our shooting subject and highlight the subject.

Frame composition will form a sense of depth, make the picture more stereoscopic and intuitive, have more visual impact, and also make the subject echo with the environment. Doors and windows, leaf gaps, nets, etc. Often used as a framework.

4. Central component

Central composition is very simple, that is, putting the subject in the center of the picture, which is often used by novices. It is the most stable composition method. You can start with this composition method and gradually add other composition methods.

Central composition is a good way to use in many cases, but many themes may lack new ideas, so we should learn to use a variety of composition methods. Central composition is suitable for shooting buildings or objects with symmetrical centers.

5, guide wire composition

It is to guide the audience's line of sight through lines and attract the audience's attention to the main body of the picture. The guide line is not necessarily a specific line. In real life, roads, rivers, whole rows of trees and even people's eyes can be used as guiding lines, as long as there is a certain linear relationship, it is OK.

Guiding line composition can shoot many subjects, mainly playing the role of guiding sight, such as roads, bridges, river buildings and so on. And pay more attention to artistic conception and visual impact.

6, curve composition

Curve composition: Extend and guide the line of sight, with a sense of space. Suitable for shooting roads, rivers, people, etc.

7. Minimalist composition and blank space

Photography is the art of subtraction. In minimalist composition, the picture is often left blank, that is, impurities are omitted, creating a negative space for the audience to focus on the main body, and at the same time, minimalist pictures will make people more comfortable and aesthetic.

Basic knowledge of photographic composition II. Appropriate choice

One mistake that many beginners often make when composing a composition is to put too many elements in the picture, which leads to the unclear main body of the picture and the complicated picture. Therefore, everyone must know how to choose when writing, remove the redundant parts and leave the useful parts. If there are too many picture elements, the audience may not know what you want to express after watching it all day; If the picture is concise and clear, then the audience can understand what you want to express at a glance.

For example, like the photo below, the vertex angle is the first photo taken. The picture is messy and there is no clear subject. Later, I re-composed the composition, only took a close-up of a lotus flower, and then blurred the background a little with a large aperture, so that the main body was clear and the picture became very concise.

Second, priorities should be clear.

Distinguish between primary and secondary, the Lord is the main body of your picture, what you want to express, and then what is used to set off the main body of the picture. So what can we do to make the picture clear? There are many methods, depending on whether you can use them. For example, depth of field, distance, position and color can be used to distinguish foreground, middle scene and background, so as to achieve the purpose of distinguishing primary and secondary. Distinguished photos can give the audience a sense of order, and the whole picture looks very comfortable.

The foreground blur highlights the subject behind the photo.

Ok, that's all for today. If you have any good skills or different opinions, you can leave a message at the end of the article to communicate with each other. In addition, the knowledge of composition is not dead, so it should be used flexibly. No matter how you compose a composition, as long as the photos you take look comfortable and beautiful and can clearly express what you want to express, then it is a good composition.

Basic knowledge of photographic composition 3 three-point composition

Trigonometry, sometimes called TIC-tac-toe composition, is a common composition method in photography, painting, design and other arts. Triangular composition is to divide the picture into three parts vertically and horizontally, resulting in four dividing lines and four dividing points. The intersection of these dividing lines is where the main body or a part of the main body should be. Put the part you want to express most on one of the points, which is called the gravity point. Only in this way can we achieve a more vivid and eye-catching composition.

The center of gravity is usually the eyes of the portrait, followed by the face of the portrait. This way of writing is more in line with people's writing habits. The content at the center of gravity will become the visual center, while maintaining a sense of balance in the picture.

Symmetrical composition

Taking the horizontal line or the central axis of the picture as the dividing line and arranging the main body symmetrically on one side or both sides of it is called symmetrical composition. Symmetrical composition has the characteristics of coordination, solemnity, stability, integrity and echo, but it is also easy to make the picture appear dull and lack of change, so it is best to use it in conjunction with the infectious expression of the state of people or things. Symmetric composition is widely used in double photography.

Guiding line composition

There is a line in the photo that acts as a guide line, giving the whole picture a sense of depth. Guiding line composition can also be called perspective traction composition, which can effectively attract the viewer's line of sight and attention to a certain point in the picture. Increase visual extensibility. At the same time, the guiding role of lines highlights the main body of the characters well, making the whole work coordinated in primary and secondary relations. The guiding line is not necessarily a specific line, but all directional and continuous lines can be called guiding lines.

Triangular composition

The three visual centers are the main positions of the scenery, and sometimes the scenery is arranged in a three-point geometric structure to form a stable triangle. This triangle can be a regular triangle, an oblique triangle or an inverted triangle, in which the oblique triangle is more commonly used and flexible. Triangular composition is stable, balanced but flexible.

Curve composition

Besides straight lines, curves are another way to use lines in photos. If the guidance of straight lines is more directional and directional, then the guidance of curves is a more interesting and elegant way. Soft line structure gives people peace of mind and comfort. Curves can not only cut the picture to make it more interesting, but also guide the lines. Curves are widely used in children's photography.

L-shaped composition

In the picture, the picture is divided into L-shaped frames of various forms, which focus the viewer's attention on the frame, make the subject clear, play a prominent role in the subject, and also make the picture show a good sense of decoration. The window is a good L-shaped structure. In addition to constructing L-shape with special body and environment, the character itself can also pose L-shape.

Vertical composition

Making full use of the vertical lines of the scene to compose a picture can make the chaotic environmental elements have a good sense of order and have the characteristics of concentration, division and personalization. Another great advantage of vertical composition is that it can keep the balance of the picture and affect the viewer's feelings. Some representative vertical lines can fully explain the environment and play a role in pointing out problems.

Circular composition

Circular composition is a variation of curve composition, which uses various circles to increase the interest and rhythm of the picture. In addition, in an environment suitable for portrait photography, the circle, a commonly used prop for children's photography, is more likely to appear.

Blank composition

In addition to the above elements, sometimes the composition does not have to be impeccable. All elements should be included, and subtraction should be learned to leave room for the picture, so that the artistic conception of the picture is better and the viewer can imagine. Except for the main body of the character, the elements of other parts are as simple as possible, leaving visual space for the picture and also playing a prominent role in the character. The purpose of leaving blank space is to make the picture concise, and keeping the introduction is to show only those elements that can tell a story and remove the others. In addition to the characters themselves, the blank parts should be concise and clean. As long as they meet this characteristic, they don't have to be white.

Break the rules

Composition is not simply cutting and filling geometric figures, but trying to keep and remember your idea of pressing the shutter. Everyone has different ideas when shooting, and the suitable composition rules will be different.

Rules are created and broken by people. The emergence of every new composition rule has changed or subverted some previous composition ideas to a greater or lesser extent. Therefore, when shooting, we should be brave in innovation, actively change, break away from convention, and compose according to our own ideas to make our photos more creative.