Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Quality Traits of Shanxi Millet Local Varieties

Based on the comprehensive evaluation of agronomic and quality traits of local millet germplasm resources in Shanxi, the diversity characteristics and distribution law of millet germplasm resources in Shanxi were analyzed, which provided reference for germplasm resources evaluation and new variety breeding.

Using the coefficient of variation and Shannon-Weaver diversity index, the diversity and difference of 15 characters of 2 12 millet germplasm resources in Shanxi Province were analyzed, and the millet germplasm resources in Shanxi Province were comprehensively evaluated and identified by cluster analysis, principal component analysis, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis.

The diversity index of 2 12 Shanxi millet germplasm resources ranged from 0.92 to 2.15, which were all greater than 1.00 except grain color. The coefficient of variation is 3.35% ~ 38.66%. Plant height, panicle length, stem length, stem diameter, panicle diameter, number of nodes, number of yards, number of grains per yard, weight of grains per panicle, weight of 1000-grain, straight/branch ratio and grain color are rich in variation, while starch and protein have little change. Cluster analysis divides Shanxi millet germplasm resources into three categories: the first category, northern varieties, including Datong and Shuozhou; The second group of middle varieties, including Yangquan, Taiyuan, Jinzhong and Yuci; The third group of southern varieties, the origin of which includes Linfen and Yuncheng, is consistent with the geographical distribution of Shanxi; The average values of traits such as weight per panicle, grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight of northern varieties are higher, while the variability of traits such as number of grains per yard, weight per panicle, 1000-grain weight, protein, starch and straight/branch ratio of southern varieties is higher. Principal component analysis classified the traits of 15 into 9 principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.26%, which indicated that these 9 principal components contained most information of millet phenotypic traits. The average F value of the comprehensive score of phenotypic traits of millet germplasm resources in Shanxi Province is 0.52 1, with the highest in Linfen (0.709) and the lowest in Datong (0.3 15). The correlation analysis between 15 traits and comprehensive score f showed that 10 agronomic traits (plant height, ear length, stem length, ear diameter, number of nodes, number of yards, number of grains per yard, ear weight and grain weight per ear) were positively correlated with the f value, and the ratio of straight/branch was also positively correlated with the f value. Through stepwise regression analysis, nine characters were screened out, namely plant height, ear length, stem length, yard number, grain number per yard, single ear weight, protein, straight/branch ratio and grain color.

The phenotypic diversity of Shanxi local millet varieties is rich, and Shanxi millet resources are divided into southern varieties, central varieties and northern varieties, and the division results are consistent with geographical sources. The ratio of straight branches can be used as an evaluation index to introduce the comprehensive evaluation of millet germplasm resources. 9 characters can be used as evaluation indexes of millet germplasm resources. The diversity of millet resources in southern Shanxi is more abundant, which can be used as a resource bank for millet quality and characteristic breeding.