0 Basic Introduction Photography

Basic knowledge framework—

Exposure; expose

Aperture: The larger the numerical value, the less light enters, and the smaller the aperture, the smaller the blur. The smaller the value, the more light enters, the larger the aperture and the greater the blur.

Shutter: The larger the value, the more light enters, the smaller the shutter and the slower the speed. The smaller the value, the less light enters, the larger the shutter and the faster the speed.

Sensitivity: The greater the value, the more light enters, the brighter the photo, and the worse the image quality. The smaller the value, the less light enters, the darker the photo, and the better the picture quality.

Focus mode

Auto focus (AF): Continuous auto focus takes photos of moving objects. Commonly used: single camera/intelligent autofocus.

Manual focusing (MF): used when autofocus is not possible, and there is no mistake.

focal distance

Affect photos.

The degree of blur that affects the depth of field.

white balance

K value: The lower the K value, the colder the photo color. The higher the k value, the warmer the color of the photo.

measure

Evaluation photometry: suitable for novices.

Central key measurement: commonly used.

Spot metering: taking portraits/close-ups.

Partial measurement: not recommended.

Three elements of exposure-

1. hole

The larger the aperture value, the less light entering, the smaller the aperture and the smaller the blur.

The smaller the aperture value, the more incoming light, the larger the aperture and the greater the blur.

2. Shutter

The larger the shutter value, the more light enters, and the smaller the shutter, the slower the speed.

The smaller the shutter value, the less light enters, and the larger the shutter, the faster the speed.

3. Sensitivity ISO

The larger the ISO value, the more light enters, the brighter the photo and the worse the image quality.

The smaller the ISO value, the less light enters, the darker the photo, and the better the image quality.

Second, commonly used exposure value-

1. When the shutter takes precedence:

Daily shooting: 1/80s~ 1/200s. Capturing cars: 1/200s or more.

Pat the baby/pet:1/idolized over 200/athlete:11000 or more.

Fireworks shooting: 3s~5s (with tripod) arresting people:1125s or more.

Orbit: > 2 hours (tripod) light drawing: 15s~30s

2. When aperture is the first choice:

Static diagram: F 1.2~4

Night portrait: F2.8~5.6, figure capture: F5.6~F 1 1.

Food/still life: F8~ 1 1 fireworks/light painting/star track: F 1 1~20

Starry sky: F 1.45.6 Landscape photo: F8~ 1 1.

3. When manual M gear:

Take a picture, speed1125s, aperture F2.8, sensitivity 1S0 100. (sunny day)

Take scenery, shutter1125s, aperture 4, sensitivity 1S0 100. (sunny day)

Shoot the night scene with shutter115s, aperture 1.8 and sensitivity 1S0200.

Shooting action, shutter 1/500s, aperture 2.4, sensitivity 1S0 100.

Third, focus mode-

1. Single autofocus:

Single autofocus is generally represented by AF-S, and a "beep" can be heard after half pressing the shutter, indicating that the focus is completed. Press the shutter to shoot, generally suitable for shooting still life, such as commodity shooting, flowers and plants shooting, posing portraits and so on.

2, intelligent autofocus:

Is the camera autofocus, represented by AF-A, according to whether the subject is moving or not, it is sometimes wrong to choose single focus or continuous focus.

3. Manual focusing:

Manual focusing is expressed by MF, which is the most accurate focusing method. When autofocus fails, for example, the shooting distance is too close and there is an object blocking, it is necessary to manually focus to adjust. There are also details that the subject needs to pay attention to, such as macro shooting, which needs to be manually focused.

4, servo (continuous) autofocus:

On-the-job focusing, also known as continuous focusing, is represented by AF-C. When shooting a moving subject, you can continue to focus until the shooting is over without pressing the shutter again, which is suitable for shooting a moving subject, such as sports and animals.

Fourth, the measurement mode-

Photometry measures the brightness of the picture and provides exposure parameters.

There are three main measurement modes: evaluation measurement, central key measurement and point measurement.

1, the most intelligent evaluation measure:

Evaluation photometry is the average measurement of light in the picture, and it is the most intelligent. However, it is not suitable for scenes with large illumination ratio, which will lead to deviation of measurement results, such as large areas of light or dark.

2, the central key measurement is the most commonly used:

Center focus photometry is to measure the area around 1/3 in the center of the picture. When shooting, the subject is usually placed in the center, which can ensure the correct exposure of the subject and avoid the influence of areas outside the center on the exposure results.

3. Spot metering is the most accurate:

Spot metering measures 3% of the screen area. When the subject is not in the center, it is the most accurate method to directly measure the light at the subject to ensure the accuracy of the exposure of the subject. Combining the point measurement linkage function is the most perfect shooting method, otherwise it will only be locked and refocused after metering.

V. White Balance-

White balance (K) controls the color of the picture and affects the color temperature of the photo.

How to adjust the value of white balance?

When the value of K >: 5000K, the color of the scene is reddish, which belongs to warm tone and has a warm and steady atmosphere effect; Suitable for shooting indoor effect portraits.

When the k value is 4000-5000K, it belongs to the effect of normal middle tone, white tone and real environmental effect; Suitable for shooting places with good light, portrait/style is ok.

When the value of k is