Reading Qu's Classic Notes

I went to Changsha for something a few days ago, and I brought a copy of Qu's Tan Jing. I went back and finished reading this book yesterday. For my ambition, I want to take less reading notes.

Qu (19 13-200 1), a native of Chengdu, Sichuan, 1936 studied in the Chinese Department of National Sichuan University, and stayed as a teaching assistant after graduation. Since 1942, he has taught at Guanghua University and Chenghua University in Chengdu. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as a professor in Sichuan Normal College of North Sichuan University, and wrote China Classical Literature, A Regular Talk on Confucian Classics, A Guide to Selected Works, Notes on Chinese Poetry, etc.

The contents of this book are divided into thirteen classics, a catalogue of Confucian classics, biographies and schools of thought, and finally a new edition of Confucian classics based on Liao Ping. Its text aims to help learners of classical literature.

Enter the note text as follows:

What is a classic?

Classics refer to classics handed down from Confucianism.

The ancients said: "poor classics are the foundation of reading", which has certain truth. You can't read ancient humanities unless you can read classics. Although I read it, I don't know its meaning.

What about the theory of "practical application"

It can be said from Zhang that "scholars are practical and realistic, no matter whether they are useful or not, so they are at a loss."

I. Yi

Yi writers include Shi Kan,,, He, and so on. There are different schools of classical writers in China.

During the Three Kingdoms period at the end of Han Dynasty, Zheng Xuan, Xun Shuang, Yu Fan and others made notes on Yi. Wang Bi pointed out that there is another way.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Zheng's and Wang's annotations prevailed.

Tang Xiu's Justice of the Five Classics, and Wang Zhu's Note of the Book of Changes.

In the Tang Dynasty, Zuo's Notes on Zhouyi kept many of Wang's notes, including 35. This is important information for understanding the annotations of Yi before Tang Dynasty.

In the Liang Dynasty, Zhuang, Lao and Zhouyi were called "San Xuan".

Related bibliography:

Wang Bi (226-249) wrote seven chapters of Zhouyi, with Tang Xing's comments.

Han (332-380)' s Continuous Biography is a supplement to Wang's annotation.

In the Tang Dynasty, Kong * * * accepted Wang and Han's introduction of Yijing Justice, and was later called Wang and Han.

In addition to Wang Zhu and Confucius Book, you can also look at Li Dingzuo's Collection of Zhouyi.

Song Confucianism's works on Yijing are in Tongzhitang Jingjie, and Qing Confucianism's works are in Qingjing Jiejie and Qingjing Jiexu.

Second, "Shangshu"

You can read Shu Zheng by Yan Ruokun, an ancient book of Shangshu. If you have a brief idea, you can refer to Shu Zheng by Wu in the Preface to Classics.

Now, we should start reading Shangshu from the fake Biography of Confucius, Lu's Classic Interpretation (Lu Deming) and Kong's Justice (Confucius), that is, the notes to the Thirteen Classics. But it is common sense to know what a fake article is.

Third, "poetry"

There are four schools of poetry in China, but only Mao Shi exists.

Four:

Shen Peigong, a native of Lu, is an exegetist, nicknamed "Lu";

Yuan Gusheng, a native of Qi, passed on the title "Qi Poetry";

Han Ying, Yan Ren, published at home and abroad,No. "Han Shi".

The above three schools all belong to the school of modern literature.

Emperor Taizu of the People's Congress of Lu (Heng) wrote "Exegetical Biography", in which Hejian was the king of Qi and Zhao Gong was the doctor. It's the ancient prose school.

In the later Han Dynasty, Zheng Xuan wrote poems and notes, mainly about Mao. Qi Baishi died, and Lu was only in Jiangdong, but Han Shi was not handed down. In the Tang Dynasty, Neichuan died, but Gaian survived.

Zheng Zhenduo's Introduction to Important Books on the Study of the Book of Songs can be used for reference.

Fourth, "Li"

Li is divided into three rites:,,.

Sun Yirang's Brief Examples of Rites and Righteousness; Zheng Xuan's Notes on Zhou Rites (which belongs to Xieji) is better.

You can refer to Zonglu's textual research school and Liao Ping's textual research of modern and ancient times.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Chunqiu

Peng Zuyan, the third disciple of Dong Zhongshu and the author of the Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan, belongs to the school of modern writers.

Three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals:

Gu Liang Biography and Ram Biography belong to the school of modern writers.

Zuo Zhuan belongs to the school of classical Chinese writers, and its disseminators are Wu Qi, Xun Qing, Zhang Cang and Jia Yi. Liu Xiang and Liu Xin were full of praise for Zuo Shi, and Jia Kui was the most famous person who spread this book in the later Han Dynasty.

Tan Heng's new theory.

Du Yu's Biography of Spring and Autumn Annals was annotated by Liu Xin, Jia Hui (the father of Jia Kui), Jia Kui, Xu Shu and Rong Ying.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu ruled the ram, followed by Zu and Yan Anle.

He Xiu's Biography of the Ram in the Eastern Han Dynasty is a masterpiece of Ramology.

Li Qingchen's Book of Yang Gong and Shu Zheng of White Tiger Yi Tong.

For Gu Liang, there is Fan Ning's "The Collection of the Jin Dynasty", which adopted the opinions of various schools and recorded their names.

Liao Ping's Gu Liang Gu Yi Shu in Qing Dynasty can be used for reference.

The reference books available for reference are:

A Map of Spring and Autumn Names in Jixian County, Song Feng;

Chronology of the anonymous twenty countries in the Spring and Autumn Period;

Qing Gu Gao Dong Spring and Autumn Events Table:

Yao's Spring and Autumn Festival.

In addition, Ma Zi's Zuo Zhuan and Gao Shiqi's Zuo Zhuan are only woodcut editions.

Sixth, filial piety

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the annotation of filial piety was used as the annotation of filial piety, and the effect was good.

Seven. The Analects of Confucius

Qing Liu Baonan's The Analects of Justice; The Analects of Confucius (that is, the annotations to the Analects in the Thirteen Classics).

Han people value The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Filial Piety.

Eight, "Erya"

Used to explain the classics.

Guo Pu in Jin Dynasty surpassed his predecessors in Er Ya Zhu.

Shao's Er Ya Yi Shu and Er Ya Yi Shu in Qing Dynasty are better.

Nine, Mencius

Mencius Zhang Judu in the Han Dynasty is the most famous.

In the early Song Dynasty, Sun Yuanfeng ordered the revision of the sound and meaning of Mencius.

Mencius Justice in Qing Dynasty (including Zhang Sentence) is a good "new sparse". We can start with Mencius and look at Zhu's notes.

The theory of the above scripture.

A brief discussion about Weft Book is as follows:

Shu Wei is said to have originated from the Yuan Ping era in the Western Han Dynasty (6-5 years ago), while Guangwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-57 years ago) especially liked divination, so it became popular. China classical school, most of them don't believe in Shu Wei. Thanks to the support of official schools, Shuwei has great influence. Zheng Xuan, a well-read man, blended ancient and modern works, that is, he adopted some quotations from Shu Wei and annotated Shu Wei.

Weishu gradually died out after the Sui Dynasty, and now it is gone. There are only some lost items left.

"Heluo Seven Wefts" Li Xian Note:

(1) Latitude of Yi: mapping, dry chiseling, Kun chiseling, Tonggua Rock, Mu, and the north of the border;

2 book lessons: bell, examination, interpretation of punishment and morality, trial of emperor's orders, and awarding of transportation;

(3) Poetry: Deduct disasters, record calendars, and contain the fog of God;

4 Rites: including Wen Jia, Zheng Jiming and Dou Unique;

⑤ Music course: moving musical instruments, Ji, Ji;

6 "filial piety" latitude: "helping god" and "hooking life" also;

⑦ Spring and Autumn Annals: Yan Kongtu, Yuan Mingbao, Gou, Shu, Gan Jingfu, He Cheng Tu, Kao You, Tu, Han Hanju, Qi, Zhi Cheng Tu, Qian Qian.

***35 species, probably still visible in the Tang Dynasty.

The Lost Text of Shu Wei compiled by Sun Ai in Ming Dynasty is Gu Weishu (with Shoushan Pavilion Collection), with 96 kinds.

In Qing Dynasty, Ma Guohan compiled 47 kinds of lost articles in Yu Han Fang Shan.

Zhao Zaihan compiled Seven Wefts, printed by Jiaqing.

The above series of books, Zhangba Nakamura of Japan, is integrated into Weft Book. It's quite convenient to review if there are any supplements.

The situation of Weft Book is slightly as mentioned above. Weft books are full of mystery and even superstition. Is there any value? Liu Xie didn't believe Shu Wei. In Wen Xin Diao Long Zheng Longwei, he criticized Shu Wei with words such as hypocrisy, flaws, absurdity and false birth. But he added: "Rich words are not good for classics, but good for articles." Shan Li's Notes on Selected Works quoted a large number of weft books.

Wei Shu is also called the book of divination, and many books of divination have been quoted by Lei Ju, Bei Tang Shu Chao, Notes for Beginners, Liu Tie with Hundred Holes, etc.

Due to Ouyang's "On Nine Classics, please delete the divination miscellaneous in justice", Wei Liaoweng's "Nine Classics Justice" has been completely cut off, so naturally many people are attached to it after learning, and the weft has been lost. Unfortunately.

In the Qing Dynasty, Liu quoted Wang Chang's postscript to Han Yi's Confucius Temple Ritual Monument in His Theory of Divination, which was very detailed.

Classical school is divided into Han school and Song school. Chinese studies can be divided into two schools: modern prose and ancient prose. Originated from the different fonts between the present (official script) and the ancient (seal script), the statement is quite different.

When the Western Han Dynasty proclaimed itself emperor, twelve doctors were appointed: Yi Youshi, Meng, Shu Ouyang, Xiahou, Shi Youqi, Lu, Han, and Li YouHou Shi (Cao Shishan said: How pale is Hou Shi? ) The Ram in Spring and Autumn Annals and Gu Liang.

Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty appointed fourteen doctors: Meng, Jing (Cao Shishan said: Jing is also a family in Beijing), Shu Ouyang, Xiao Xiahou, Lu, Han, Chun Qiu (Cao Shishan said:)

These are the current literary schools.

The ancient prose school is among the people. In the spirit of "seeking truth from facts", Hejian Wang Xian attached great importance to the scholars of the ancient prose school, and ancient prose flourished in the late Han Dynasty.

Zheng Xuan's study of Confucian classics includes both modern prose and ancient prose, with emphasis on ancient prose.

In Wei Dynasty, Fei's Book of Changes, History of Ancient Chinese Literature, and Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals all stood firm.

The "Yi Shu" theory of the Six Dynasties basically followed this trend.

In the Song Dynasty, a large number of so-called "Neo-Confucianism" (that is, "Taoism") scholars absorbed the Zen theory and reformed Confucianism. They tried to get rid of the shackles of sparse annotations since the Han and Wei Dynasties, so they had the so-called "Song Studies".

In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Song Xue became an official school.

Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty mainly advocated Chinese studies.

After Daoguang Xianfeng, the old films of modern and ancient schools in China appeared.

In the late Qing Dynasty, literary school was quite popular today.

During the Revolution of 1911, the ancient prose school rose. But also attached importance to the achievements of Confucian classics in Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties.

There are several opinions about the second order of group classics:

① The second order of The Book of Rites is poetry, calligraphy, music, yi, ceremony, spring and autumn.

(2) History of Literature and Art is based on Liu Xiang's seven views, which are Yi, Shu, Shi, Li, Yue, Chunqiu, The Analects of Confucius, Xiao Jing and Primary School.

Ruan Xiaoxu's seven laws are the same.

(3) Wang Jian's Seven Records and The Book of Filial Piety are the beginning.

④ The order of classic interpretation is: Zhouyi, the history of ancient literature, Shi Mao, Li San, Chunqiu, Xiaojing, Analects of Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi and Erya. Descendants follow, which is probably the order of description.

⑤ Reading order:

After the Song Dynasty, there were four books first and then five classics.

One or four books were annotated by Zhu, followed by Daxue, Analects of Confucius, Mencius and The Doctrine of the Mean.

B, the general teaching is "University" and "The Mean", followed by "The Analects of Confucius" and "Mencius".

C. The Five Classics are Poems, Books, Book of Changes, Book of Rites and Zuo's Family Biography in the Spring and Autumn Period.

In the past, libraries and rural schools were just.

⑥ Zhang Zhidong's "Yi Xuan Language" said: To use annotations, first read Shi Mao, the Second Ceremony and the Third Ceremony, and then read the Scriptures, the Spring and Autumn Annals and the Book of Changes.

Yi is the most difficult to learn.

Yi Zhou Shu includes Zhu Youzeng's explanation of training and Sun Yirang's supplement.

The study of Three Rites is an important part of Confucianism and Park Studies in Qing Dynasty.

Zhou Li contains Justice by Sun Yirang, Justice by Hu Peihui in Yili, Supplement by Kong Guangsen, Supplement by Wang Shu and Supplement by Sun Yirang to Li Ji in Daidai.

Dai Dong's exegetics is the basic skill of Confucian classics, and his two masters, Duan Yucai and Wang Niansun, are very loyal to each other. Duan Yucai's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu and Wang Niansun's Guang Shu Ya Zheng.

Liao Ping put forward a plan to annotate the Eighteen Classics, calling it Shu Studies. Distinguish between modern prose, ancient prose classics and annotations, thus making a book. It is unrealistic for him to rule the Confucian classics in Sichuan with Xijing family law. After the failure.

Chen Shouqi talked about Shuo Qiu, and Yizheng has a case book about the definition of Shuo Qiu by Ruan Fuzi, which explains the style and structure of Shuo Qiu.

The above are the notes of Qu's "On Confucian Classics".