I am anxious about the similarities and differences between Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond and his back.

Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is a landscape prose, which can be seen from its title. The article writes about the lotus pond and moonlight. Lotus pond is a lotus pond under moonlight, and moonlight is the moonlight on the lotus pond. In this way, the description of lotus pond and moonlight is skillfully combined, highlighting the beauty of elegant, hazy and quiet physical environment.

Paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 of the article focus on the moonlight in the lotus pond. This is the main part of the full text, writing out the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond moonlight.

The fourth paragraph describes the lotus pond in the moonlight and introduces all kinds of lotus flowers scattered from the dense layers of lotus leaves. This is real writing in the lotus pond, static writing. At this time, the breeze came, the wind moved, and the faint lotus fragrance penetrated into people's hearts and spleen, and the leaves trembled like lightning. After the vibration, the lotus pond changed briefly.

The fifth paragraph is about moonlight in the lotus pond. Quiet moonlight, thin blue fog, dreamy leaves and flowers with veils, faint clouds, the amorous feelings of taking a nap, the shadows of trees and the moon show elegance and tranquility everywhere, and this feeling of elegance and tranquility can only be possessed in the environment of the lotus pond alone on a moonlit night. Here, the lotus pond and moonlight blend together.

The beauty of the lotus pond is also set off by the surrounding environment, so the sixth paragraph describes the scenery around the lotus pond. All kinds of trees, moonlight leaking between trees, distant mountains and listless lights seem to give the author a kind of peace, but when he hears the lively cicadas and frogs, he suddenly feels that "the excitement is theirs, and I have nothing." These three paragraphs describe the lotus pond under the moon, the moonlight in the pond and the surrounding scenery of the lotus pond, creating a hazy and beautiful artistic conception, which makes the author feel beautiful and brings readers beautiful enjoyment.

Second, the feelings contained in the beautiful scenery

The text is another lyric prose. Although the main part of the article focuses on writing scenes with pen and ink, these scenes are all for expressing feelings, and they are expressed by the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond on a moonlit night. The article begins with emotion, because "my heart is restless these days" led me to the lotus pond to enjoy the beautiful scenery in the pond, and then led to the old custom of picking lotus in Jiangnan, which made me miss Jiangnan and finally returned home. From emotion to scenery and back to emotion, it is a journey and a lyric. This structural arrangement just serves the needs of scenery writing and expression.

Here, the author's thoughts have never been quiet, seeking peace, getting peace and returning to reality. Time is not long, but his feelings have undergone complex changes. There have always been different views on the author's thoughts and feelings embodied in the article. Some people think it shows a melancholy mood, some people think it shows a leisurely mood, some people think it shows an anger of dissatisfaction with reality, some people think it shows a yearning for a better life, and some people think it is the self-shaping of the author's image.

In the past, many critics thought that the author's thoughts and feelings were very complicated, and there were both faint sadness and faint joy in the process of seeking a moment of peace. Why do you say that? It is said that there is sadness because the full text is shrouded in low-key emotions everywhere. At the beginning of the article, I wrote "My heart is quite uneasy", which set a deep emotional tone for the whole article. Then I wrote that the road is secluded and lonely, the moon clouds are faint and hazy, the shadows of trees are jagged and mottled, the shadows of trees are faint and the cicadas and frogs are lively, but they are out of touch with me. Then I think of the grand occasion of the ancients picking lotus, and I miss Jiangnan very much. All these make people feel the faint sadness in the author's heart. Saying that there is joy also begins with the article itself. The author walked to the lotus pond happily, because he expected the lotus pond to "look different in the moonlight"; In the past, the gloomy path, "Tonight is fine", felt that I was a "free man" in such a world; When I arrived in the lotus pond, the author cared more about the beautiful scenery, not so much natural beauty as the beautiful scenery in the author's mind, so I remembered the "busy season" and "romantic season" when the ancients picked lotus. From the above, we can also see that the joy brought by the author's freedom in a short period of time also runs through the whole paper.

Of course, we can also say that this article only describes the ordinary thoughts and feelings of an ordinary person and depicts an unusual summer night trip. Uneasy heart, it is possible for everyone, and it may appear at any time. With such a mood, it is possible to go to a quiet place, enjoy a person's loneliness and find a temporary free space that one can get. In such a time and space, the scenery we see may make us worry, make us happy, and think of the distant future and other personnel. In this way, Zhu Ziqing just wrote a very ordinary thought and emotion of an ordinary person, and we ordinary people, without his wonderful pen, could not write a masterpiece that could infect people's hearts and arouse people's * * *.

For the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in this article, we can practice the first question after class, so that students can express their views on this question from the article itself, without seeking a unified answer, as long as they can express their understanding clearly and tell some truth.

Third, use language skillfully.

This paper successfully described the moonlight and moonlight of the lotus pond, and entrusted his true feelings in the description of the scenery. This success also benefits from his clever use of language.

Metaphor, synaesthesia and overlapping words are used in many places in the article, which makes the whole text elegant and poetic. For example, the author used three metaphors to write a quiet lotus, "like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just came out of the bath", describing the crystal lotus under the bright moon, the lotus swaying under the green leaves and the spotless beauty of the lotus.

The use of synaesthesia makes the language of the article reach a superb level. Synaesthesia means that when people describe objective things, they use the language of images to move one sensory feeling to another, so that "one feeling transcends its own limitations and understands the impression belonging to another feeling" (Qian Zhongshu's words). For example, "the breeze blows, with a faint fragrance, as if it were a faint song on a tall building in the distance." "Xiang" originally belonged to the sense of smell, but the author turned it into a "faint song" on hearing, which made people feel as if nothing had happened, faint fragrance and refreshing. And the transfer of feelings is accompanied by a leap of imagination.

In addition, the use of reduplicated words not only vividly depicts the scene in front of us, but also stretches the literary spirit and gives people a harmonious aesthetic feeling. Such as lush, nearby, high and low trees, winding lotus ponds, faint distant mountains, graceful lotus flowers, leaves in the fields, continuous fragrance, flowing water and dense land.

It is precisely because the work is about a specific family, the mood, love and pity between a loving father and a dutiful son, with a touch of sadness between the lines, which is even more sincere and moving.

1. Nationalization:

The language of Back is faithful, simple and elegant. This highly nationalized language is in perfect harmony with the national spirit expressed in Back and the article structure of Back. Without the beauty, elegance and simplicity of the language of Back, there would be no elegance of Back.

2. Be concise:

The article is clean and there are no superfluous words. Even a word "de" and a word "le" must be used before they can be used. Except for some classical Chinese words, there are no colorful words, and uncommon words are simple and natural household words with strong flavor of life and very concise extraction.

3. Simple:

"Back" describes the facts in a straight line, without any modification or rendering.

Throughout the article, I wrote about how much the father cares and takes care of his son, and how grateful the son is for his father's thoughts. However, abstract and ready-made words like "care", "love" and "gratitude" are useless in the article, and there are no gorgeous words. Dapu is a performance by Da Qiao.

The words and sentences used in this paper are carefully studied and never used casually.

For example, the farewell paragraph: "My father is busy and has already said that he will not send it, so let a familiar waiter in the hotel accompany me. He repeatedly told the waiter to be very careful. " If the word "agree" is used here, it seems reasonable, but it is actually much worse. Decided not to send it, and finally sent it. In fact, I can't say for sure, which shows my father's ambivalence at that time. The word "familiar" shows that this teahouse entrusted by my father should be reliable; "Repeatedly admonishing" means repeatedly admonishing the waiter, and taking pains to explain it repeatedly, so as to avoid the negligence of the waiter; "Be very careful" means the details of the instructions, and all the details that should be paid attention to when saying goodbye are mentioned. These terms emphasize that the father has made extremely careful consideration and arrangement for his son to get on the bus. Although the words are common, they are used properly, which makes the father's love for his son leap from the page.

4. About

Plain and concise language, but it can convey infinite affection is another feature of the article language. The whole text is plain, but there is a deep homesickness between the lines, which is very touching. Writing is very common, nothing special. Readers have this kind of life experience, so it is easy to cause associations, thus finding the common and most precious beautiful feelings in the world, giving people a temperament and enhancing people's understanding of the wind of inheritance.

5. Literary inclusiveness:

The reasons for the appearance of classical Chinese in the article are as follows: the author has a deep knowledge of classical Chinese, and classical Chinese words are often included in the stylistic articles at that time, which is on the one hand; On the other hand, the use of classical Chinese words in the article may also be related to the author's thoughts and feelings at that time.

For example, if you don't say "unemployment" or "losing your job",

As for "idleness", it seems that "idleness" is not as harsh and embarrassing as "unemployment". In the last section, because my father's letter was written in classical Chinese, quoting the original words made it more true, and because it expressed all the difficulties, gloomy mood and complicated feelings of my family and father, many classical Chinese words were also used, which also gave petty-bourgeois intellectuals a special language color of the times.

In terms of writing, the main feature of "back" is line drawing. The author writes about his father's back and describes the scene of crossing the railway when buying oranges, completely using line drawing techniques.

As far as I know, the so-called sketch is to write down the scene truthfully with plain words, without metaphor, description and modification, giving readers a sense of experience. In other words, line drawing is described by narrative method to achieve the artistic effect of reproducing the real scene.

The author's skill in sketching in the back is very high. Please read the following text:

It was not difficult to see him limping to the railway and leaning down slowly, wearing a small black hat, a big black jacket and a dark blue cotton robe. But it is not easy for him to climb the platform over there when he crosses the railway. He climbed up with both hands, and his feet shrank again; His fat body leans slightly to the left, showing signs of hard work. Then I saw his back, and my tears soon flowed down. I quickly wiped away my tears, fearing that he would see it and others would see it. When I looked at him again, he had hugged the scarlet orange and turned around. When crossing the railway, he first scattered oranges on the ground, climbed down slowly, and then picked them up and walked away. When I got here, I quickly helped him.

The father is back, and the son is too familiar. But this time, what I want to describe is not the common back, but the back that made him extremely moved and unforgettable on a specific occasion! The author doesn't use heavy colors, but draws lines.

The author recorded his father's dress and posture at that time, especially the scene of crossing the railway.

How to walk, how to lean over, how to climb the platform, how to climb down, how to move your feet, how to lean over, are all carefully and truthfully recorded. After reading it, we felt as if we were there, and we also saw a kind father's care and consideration for his son.

The author has no words to describe it, nor does he exaggerate. He vividly described the image of his father in extremely simple language.

The scene of father's farewell took place eight years ago. The author vividly reproduced the moving scene at that time with the words of stick figure, and we can't help but admire Zhu Ziqing's description skills. At first glance, this kind of pen and ink seems to be "I haven't seen my father for more than two years, and the most unforgettable thing is his back." Writing seems dull, but in fact it is novel:

Why is "I" the least?