Ye Lei's main deeds

Ye Lei was originally named Xiang, whose scientific name was Xiang and whose military name was Xiang. He used to be Lei Yu, Lei Hua and Zhu Jing. 19 14 was born in Houxiang Village, Xiaoshun Town, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. Ancestors have been farming for generations. Grandfather wants to farm far away and get a haircut. After several generations of hard work, Xiang Weiyuan's son Yuan Chun has accumulated more than 40 acres of fields, three lotus ponds and dozens of tallow trees. Yuan Chun and Wu Haimei (a native of Yiwu) got married and built a new house with white walls and tiles, and life gradually improved. And Haimei raised five children: Xiang (), Guimei (Xiuying), (Xiuhua), (Xiujuan) and Jin Shun (Xiuwen).

Yuan Chun is a good civil servant. In the 1920s, he did two "great things" for Houxiang Village (only 80 households): First, he changed "Jingtang" to "He Huan Primary School" and became the chairman; The second is to donate their own century-old camphor and take the lead in building the "Xiang Ancestral Hall". The primary school is located in "Jingtang" and later in "Xiang's Ancestral Hall". Therefore, five children in Yuan Chun can learn from childhood.

In the spring of January, I will do "two great things" outside and support a family of eight, including my grandfather. Finally, I broke down from overwork, and I was yellow and had no strength. (commonly known as "yellow fat", it is estimated to be acute icteric hepatitis). Unaccompanied at home, he went to Jinhua Christian Hospital by boat alone. He died in the hospital soon.

After Yuan Chun died, the burden of family fell on her mother Wu Haimei. All five children are still young, Jin Shun is only one year old, and Jintu is still in primary school. Mother said with tears: "When selling land, let the golden soil miss the mountains!" " Jintu was admitted to "Zhejiang No.7 Middle School" and went to a middle school in Jinhua. My mother relies on the fields left by her ancestors to farm hard day and night, barely maintaining the life of the whole family. She worked hard until she became ill. Jintu just finished the second day of junior high school and had to drop out of school and go home to farm. Soon my mother reluctantly left her five young children, closed her eyes and "rested" forever!

Wen Jun, who just dropped out of school, had to shoulder the burden of bringing home the bacon. I have taught in Yiwu and other places, worked as a "land surveyor" in Jinhua, and supported my younger brothers and sisters with a meager salary.

Wen Jun was still concerned about current events when he fled for his life. The rampant fascism in the world and the increasingly serious national disasters made him anxious and excited. I often teach my younger brother to sing songs such as "Song of the International Column" and "On the Songhua River" to express my respect for the warriors of the international column who died for Spain. Looking forward to the Northeast Volunteers fighting in the ice and snow. In his letter 1934 to his close friend Xu Weitong, he said that he "will not run over the world". I said to my good friend Yan, "I want to go out and find a place where I can study and work." In order to prepare for the northern war of resistance, he eagerly read Chinese and foreign literary works such as Lu Xun and Lao She, and took notes carefully. When reading the fairy tale "Bamu" by Phoenix Shelton, he wrote: ... in this paper, slavery is very bad. They satirized slavery and slave consciousness. The struggle for freedom is eulogizing everywhere, which makes people we have met feel that, in any case, the world will be peaceful and quiet only if there is goodness. This is indeed an indelible truth, but we seldom write such a serious thing in such a relaxed way. One more thing, this book contains profound meaning, which makes us learn a lot. For example, life is really hard, but he has to put up with everything anyway. We should constantly learn how to survive, how to be cautious and so on. Wherever we are, we are instilled with the idea that it is shameful to live independently, stand on our own feet and rely on others. I think this book can be compared with The Education of Love. Before "going out to rest", he made arrangements for his siblings one by one: eldest sister Xiuying married to Pujiang; The second sister Xiuhua urged Yan to get married as soon as possible before she got married; Sister Xiujuan, 12 years old, gave it away as a child bride. 1In July, 937, when the Anti-Japanese War broke out, he resolutely took his 9-year-old little brother Tuoyan Jinming to Hangzhou to study in Zhejiang Children's Hospital.

1937 65438+On February 24th, Hang Cheng fell, and many institutions and schools moved to Jinhua, where a large number of progressive intellectuals and clerks gathered, making Jinhua an anti-Japanese propaganda center in the southeast at that time. Children from poor families also fled to Zheng village in Nanshan, Jinhua. Yan participated in the underground organization of the Chinese Communist Party in Jinhua. The introducer is the old party member Zhou from Yan 'an. Poverty-stricken Children's Home has become the anti-Japanese propaganda center in Nanshan area and the liaison stronghold of underground party. Li Zheng is close to the latter, and Xiang often comes to poor Children's Home. Zhou Baijun has the intention of establishing an anti-Japanese base area in Nanshan area. So he volunteered to lead Yan and Zhou to visit Nanshan. Zhou Baijun inspected production, economy and mass thought along the way, and went to his hometown Yiwu to meet with Feng's relatives. Because Zhou Baijun and Feng Zeng are both studying at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, they have known each other for a long time and pretend to have a long talk. Soon, Yan will introduce to the new southeast captain of the "Pioneer of Chinese National Liberation" from Yan 'an, and Tong will introduce to join the "People-friendly" organization. 1938+0 On Lunar New Year's Eve, Wen Jun went to poverty-stricken Children's Home, and asked Wang Guoliang, a boy from the hospital, to paint Marx and Lu Xun, and let his younger brother take them home for the old calendar year. 1938 At the turn of spring and summer, the seller's home of Junwendian won 100 silver dollar as a toll to Yan 'an. Before I left, I went to poor Children's Home again to say goodbye to my brother and good friend Xu Weitong and had a long farewell talk. Wen Jun wrote a letter to Xu Weitong via Wuhan and signed it "Thunderstorm".

Xiang changed his name to after arriving in Yan 'an, and participated in the fourth phase of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University. Because he is good at literary creation and photography, he also served as a special correspondent and correspondent for various newspapers and joined the * * *. His newsletter The Struggle of Creating Commandos in the Anti-Japanese War-A Gift from Kangda to the First Anniversary of the Anti-Japanese War, Kangda Graduates Going to the Front, and his photos, such as Mr. Mao Zedong's lecture at the fourth graduation conference of Kangda and the students attending the farewell party, were published in Wuhan Xinhua Daily on August 4, 65438 and September 0, 65438 respectively. And distributed Mao Zedong's inscriptions: "Continue to implement hard-for the fourth-grade graduates of Kangda University" and "Make achievements in learning and forge ahead".

August 1938, 1, the fourth phase of Yan 'an "Kangda" was completed. In order to strengthen the news coverage behind enemy lines, the General Political Department of the Eighth Route Army specially selected a group of * * * members with excellent political quality and writing level from the "anti-big" students to form the front-line press corps of the General Political Department of the Eighth Route Army. Ye Lei was elected as the head of the first group of journalists (Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Group). 165438+1October 20th, the General Political Department ordered the first regiment, led by Ye Lei, to set out from Yan 'an, cross mountains and rivers, cross enemy-occupied areas, and reach the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region in late February of 65438. Nie, commander of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, met and took a group photo. Entrusted by Deng Tuo, editor-in-chief of Anti-Japanese Newspaper, Ye Lei wrote The Development and Present Situation of Yan 'an Literature and Art Work, which has been serialized for ten issues since June 65438+1October 65438+1October 28. This paper introduces in detail the characteristics of Yan 'an literary and artistic work, its position and contribution in the cultural movement established in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and New China, and the literary and artistic groups in Yan 'an, which have played a good role in uniting and encouraging cultural workers to fight against the enemy in the form of culture. Around May 1939, Ye Lei took the initiative to ask the troops to advance into the front line of the anti-Japanese war in eastern Hebei, go deep inside and outside the Great Wall on the Hebei-Hot border, and engage in news reporting in an extremely difficult and sinister environment. At this time, after the failure of the great uprising in eastern Hebei led by our party, the Japanese aggressors took advantage of my main force to go south and brutally slaughtered the people. Ye Lei witnessed this tragic situation, filled with indignation, and devoted himself to the ocean of mass work. In order to unite the literary and art circles in eastern Hebei and advance along the road guided by Lu Xun, Ye Lei initiated the establishment of the literary and art group "Road Society", founded the literary and art publications "Road", "Literary Qingqi Team" and "Frontier of National Defense", and personally participated in some editing work. These publications have played a great educational role in the people and the army, and have a great influence in eastern Hebei.

After 1940, the struggle between ourselves and the enemy in Jidong became more cruel. According to the needs of the revolution, Ye Lei served as the section chief of propaganda and organization of the political department of the military region at 194 1. While completing the busy daily work, he actively carried out news interviews and became the first-line reporter in Jidong who was engaged in photo interviews and reported the most outstanding results. He fought with the troops inside and outside the Great Wall, on the banks of the Luanhe River, on the border of Leinan and Manzhouli, and took many precious photos of the battlefield, which truly reflected the heroic deeds of the soldiers and civilians in eastern Hebei against the invaders and recorded the numerous crimes committed by the Japanese invaders. Besides writing and taking photos, I also like writing poems and reportage. His works (poems), How We Recovered the Villages beyond the Great Wall (reportage) and newsletters, Panjiayu Massacre in East Hebei, Cattle from Harqin, Prose Poems and Why Newly Recovered Villages Support the Eighth Route Army, reflect the voices of the masses and are loved by them. He is not a full-time photojournalist, but the carefully photographed photos are the most emotional and wonderful, which fully embodies what Luo Guangda called "joy or anger". Compared with the works of full-time photographers, it is not inferior. In the series of works "Japanese invaders set fire to Panjiayu", Ye Lei fully showed his tragic and profound artistic personality. There are only rubble left in a large area of houses, and bodies are piled up in the open space. The charred bodies are struggling with knots. Ye Lei threw his grief over the sufferings of the masses into the sea of Wang Yang where the people were angry, and made a solemn and stirring roar to the world. Ye Lei's tragedy is full of endless hatred for the enemy, endless warmth and heartfelt respect for the soldiers, which is the depth of his works. In the burning bonfire (1942), the mountains are hazy, the bonfire rises, the smoke wafts away, and the afterglow is reflected on the soldiers, showing a kind of flexible poetic beauty, with both warm artistic conception and strong charm, revealing the author's beautiful heart. Camping beyond the Great Wall (1942) and Cooking Late on the Hill (1942) also show revolutionary optimism with beautiful pictures, which contains the author's love and expression. These works, which are both ideological and artistic, became a part of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's photographic works in China and were deeply loved by the masses, and are still adopted by various pictorial magazines and exhibitions. In addition to the picture books Jinchaji Pictorial (the third issue 1943), Jinchaji Pictorial Series (1946), The People's War Will Win (1988) and Jire Liaobao (1946).

Ye Lei has worked in Jidong for nearly four years, and has done a lot of work and made great contributions. Therefore, he was elected to the Senate of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region.

194365438+1October 22nd, after the Senate of the Border Region ended, Ye Lei sent the photographic materials of his four years in eastern Hebei to the newspaper of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Pictorial in Caojiazhuang, Pingshan County for safekeeping. President Sha Fei praised it after reading it, and immediately decided to publish an album in the third issue of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Pictorial as a gift to the anniversary of the publication of Pictorial. Sha Fei asked Ye Lei to stay, help select photos, write descriptions, write a long documentary article, and make a comprehensive report on War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Jidong, and publish it together with the photos. He lives in Baijia, deputy village head of Caojiazhuang, and sometimes lives in Liujia, secretary of the Party branch of Cunnan 1 Huali Village, and suddenly carries out this work. In this short time, Ye Lei also paid attention to the work of contacting the masses. He personally wrote and carved an official seal for Caojiazhuang Women's Rescue Association, which is still treasured by Bai Shuguang, the grandson of Zhang Meiying, director of the Women's Rescue Association. He also took a "family portrait" for Bai, the new leader of Qingkang. On April 4th, Children's Day, he planted trees and took many photos with the villagers. Through these activities, we have established deep feelings with the villagers in the two villages and are loved by the villagers.

/kloc-One night in April, 2009, Ye Lei had just finished the photo selection and text explanation, and suddenly the enemy situation broke out. Hundreds of Japanese troops rushed in the direction of Caojiazhuang from south to north. Sha Fei first informed Ye Lei to lead two guard regiments to take the lead in transferring, and at the same time directed the staff of Pictorial to quickly strengthen equipment and materials and detour to the enemy in the northwest ravine with relatively weak troops. However, Ye Lei did not act immediately. He first went to check the transfer of villagers. During the inspection, he found that hundreds of villagers had moved to a place vulnerable to enemy bombing, and immediately directed the villagers to move to another relatively safe place, and explained the relevant precautions to Liu, secretary of the Party branch. Sure enough, as Ye Lei expected, the Japanese invaders frantically shelled the original villagers' relocation sites. Afterwards, the villagers were both afraid and grateful: "Thanks to Ye Lei's care, I don't know how many people will die!" The villagers have settled down, and the illustrated comrades have also moved. Ye Lei led two guards to break north in a hurry. I went the wrong way because it was dark and foggy. At dawn on April 20th, I went to Yushitang Village in the south section, where I met the enemy below and killed 10 many enemies and bandits. Ye Lei was unfortunately injured in the battle. In "Fight to the Death", the enemy is pressing hard step by step, and Ye Lei said to the guards without hesitation: "I will cover you, and you should break through quickly!" The guard refused: "I will carry you away even on my back and die together!" " Ye Lei said categorically: "One person will die, not all people." . Get out! "! Leave me alone! That's an order! "Two guards broke in. Ye Lei struggled to resist alone, but in the end he was outnumbered and seriously injured, knowing that he would die. As a result, he deliberately smashed his beloved camera, fountain pen and telescope, and ended his life at the age of 29 with the last bullet.

After the battle, the guards returned to Pictorial to tell the story of Ye Lei's heroic sacrifice. The comrades of the newspaper and the villagers were deeply saddened when they heard about it. Led by Sha Fei and Zhao Lie, instructors of Pictorial, they immediately rushed to the scene of the accident. While cleaning up the body, they found a bloody photo album with photos of Ye Lei in it. Sha Fei rubbed the photo album, recited the generous words written by the martyrs in the photo album, angrily condemned the atrocities of the Japanese invaders, and all the people present burst into tears. Liu Shumei, leader of the children's group in Sol Zhang Village, picked up Ye Lei's smashed hoop and camera lens and collected them. In memory of the martyrs, he took part in the revolutionary work, went there and took it there, and kept it until 1990 died. The staff of Pictorial held a memorial service with the local people, and placed Ye Lei's body in a special cypress coffin at the foot of the mountain opposite to his sacrifice. People named an apricot tree "Ye Lei Tree" to commemorate it. This "Ye Lei Tree" is still standing in the place where Ye Lei died, flourishing. It seems to show people that Ye Lei's spirit is immortal.

On May 10, the third issue of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Pictorial was published as a picture book to commemorate Ye Lei, with photos of Zhang Yelei published on May/KLOC-0. Li, political commissar of Jidong Military Region, published an article "Mourning Comrades". On May 18, Jinchaji Daily published a special commemorative page, in which the editor-in-chief (Deng Tuo) and the deputy editor-in-chief () observed a moment of silence for Comrade Ye. On May 20th, Jinchaji Xinhua News Agency published "Comrade Jidong Army Division Organization Minister fought against the enemy and died for the country". Shu Yuwen said: "He really impressed me. He didn't talk big, he didn't show off, all he had was a quiet job; Some people, in silence, hide or show the pride of "aloof and complacent", but he is by no means like this. Comrade Ye Lei is a literary and art worker. He joined the front-line press corps and was sent behind enemy lines with other comrades in Yan 'an. The party's intention is obvious: let the party's literary and art workers experience real life in practical work, report the great struggle scenes behind enemy lines, carry out news work behind enemy lines, and train literary and art masters who serve the workers, peasants and soldiers. I don't know many comrades in the press corps and the art troupe, but I dare say that Comrade Ye Lei knows the will of the party best, and he doesn't have the bad habit of a few comrades being "imperial envoys". He doesn't treat himself as a "guest" and wants others to "treat him from above"; He didn't ask for a special environment to cultivate inspiration and write all day; Unlike some literary and art workers, he felt that he was just collecting materials when he came behind enemy lines, and the environment behind enemy lines was not suitable for creation, and he was not willing to accept any distribution until he had collected almost all the materials. ) I am anxious to go to Yan 'an, ready to write a famous book and become famous at one fell swoop. On the contrary, Comrade Ye Lei accepted the army propaganda post assigned by the Party in a down-to-earth manner (Comrade Ye Lei was the propaganda section chief and organization section chief of the political department of Jidong Army Division before his death), exercised himself seriously in his post and experienced the reality, so he became an excellent propaganda and literary worker. "

Li said in his eulogy: "Comrade is a model party member with the fine qualities of Bolsheviks. He has infinite loyalty and love for the nation, the class and the work he undertakes. " "Comrade Ye Lei's indomitable spirit and bright attitude of death made the fascist gangsters kneel before him. This spirit of winning glory for the national integrity and the party has written a glorious page in the history of the Anti-Japanese War. "

Since Ye Lei's martyrdom, articles, books, magazines and movies commemorating him have never stopped. 1986, Wu Qun published the article Ye Lei, a model photographer and an excellent photographer in the development of photography in China. 200 1, Hebei Baoding TV Station made a panoramic record of China red photography. The fifth part "Blood Film" introduces the story of Ye Lei's sacrifice for red photography. In May 2000, Hainan Publishing House published "Justice and Courage-100 Biographies of Outstanding World War Journalists", which brought together10 outstanding world war journalists from the 20th century, including "Ye Lei at the Foot of the Great Wall".

However, Ye Lei's four brothers and sisters received a letter from Wuhan on 1938 and a letter signed "Thunderstorm" from Chen Zhuang Pharmacy in Xingtang, Hebei Province around 1939, but there was no news. The three sisters are eager to see, and after suffering, their dreams are broken. Before she died, the last second sister still held my hand and said, "Jin Shun, I dreamed of my brother again. You must find him ..." On the night of Hong Kong's return to China, I found out my brother's yellow photo and wrote a letter to him. In this order, I published Like Water at my own expense, taking my brother-in-law's article "Remembering my best friend's painting (decoration)" as a scroll. On August, 20065438+6 1 day, I suddenly received information about my brother's whereabouts from Gao Yongzhen of Shijiazhuang. In ecstasy, I immediately bought a plane ticket and set foot on the road to find my brother. In Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Pingshan and Nanduanyu, they were all received as relatives. Zhang Zhixiang of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Daily Research Association and Zhiyi's sister saw their brother and sister taking a group photo, and their eyes were filled with tears. They said, "You have been searching hard for several years. We have been searching hard for relatives in Ye Lei for several years, and now a stone has fallen." They must stay for dinner. Sha Fei's daughter, Wang Xiaoli, grew up in kindergarten like me. At first glance, she said, "I knew Uncle Ye Lei in the collection of Sha Fei Memorial Hall, and finally met his relatives today." When Tian Hua heard the news, she immediately sent a photo with Ye Lei, who had been treasured for 59 years. The letter said: "I was only 12 years old at that time, and now I am 73 years old. Time flies for decades, and I miss the martyrs who died for our country in the war! Let us work hard and contribute the waste heat to the martyrs and the motherland! "

Yuan Xie, a young reporter from Hebei Workers' Daily, organized five articles introducing the process of relatives looking for Ye Lei, which were published in newspapers on September 1 day, and released electronic information to the whole country. Subsequently, Hangzhou Daily, Yangcheng Evening News, China News, People's Liberation Army Daily, China Photography Newspaper and Jinhua Evening News were published one after another. More than 0 publications, such as Biography of Celebrities, History of the Party and Photography, have introduced Ye Lei's deeds and life experiences successively. In the article "Poetry Missing, Emotion Blending", Govin discusses Ye Lei's feelings in the battlefield:1In the early winter of 942, the battlefield suddenly asked Govin to visit the famous war correspondent Ye Lei. When he arrived at Ye Lei's house, a soldier said that Ye Lei rode to the battlefield early in the morning. They came out and walked quietly on the mountain road ... The field fondly recalled the past battle with Ye Lei and said emotionally, "Ye Lei's poems are well written and his marksmanship is accurate. The revolution needs such journalists, poets and writers and artists. Nothing special ... The field gently put his hand on Govin's shoulder and read petofi's famous sentence: "Life is precious, but love is more expensive. If it is freedom, they are all. "

In the great anti-fascist war that decided the fate of mankind and the future of the world, in order to save China and liberate the people, Ye Lei, determined to cross the rubicon, entered the Kanto with banners from his hometown of revenge to the front line of Zhao Yan, and recorded the eternal "sadness and joy" of the soldiers with a camera. Pen expresses people's pain and hope, and embodies the indispensable character of a war correspondent-justice and courage. He finally fulfilled his promise:

I won't run over the world!

The scene of late autumn 6 1 years ago appeared again:

The sun sets and twilight rises around the cemetery. ...

Lu Xun's Elegy echoes and unfolds;

Your nib is the tip of a gun,

……

Ah, comrade!

You're dead,

On the hard battlefield,

You're not dead!

You live in our hearts!

Written in the 60th anniversary of the World Anti-Fascist War and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory.