What kind of viewfinder does the camera have?

1 optical viewfinder

The optical viewfinder is installed directly next to or above the camera. The viewfinder itself has an objective lens and should be as close as possible to the camera lens. This viewfinder can make the photographer directly watch the image on the ground glass (or film), select the shooting range and correct the image clarity. Its disadvantage is that the image he sees is not very bright.

2. Optical reflection viewfinder

Part of the light incident through the main lens of the camera is reflected to the viewfinder for imaging, so that the camera operator can see the image of the scene at any time.

3. Electronic surveillance viewfinder

It uses the fluorescent screen of TV camera tube to replace the observation screen of reflective viewfinder. Generally, it consists of a small flat tube, which can form a clear and bright image on the screen with diagonal length of 130mm or 180mm. It can not only display all the images taken outside the film door, but also display the bright frames generated by the signal processing device, so it can accurately design the composition.

In addition to the above devices, there are focusing devices, exposure control devices for adjusting the aperture, zoom selection and adjustment devices, rulers (or meters) meters, tachometers and other devices on movie cameras.

Although there are many models of movie cameras, as far as their basic structure is concerned, they are nothing more than the above-mentioned ones. You can refer to it by analogy according to your actual situation, so I won't go into details here.

Although digital photography has gradually replaced film, film is still superior to any digital camera developed at present in mastering color and depicting details of the picture. If the budget allows, film is still the best choice for early shooting. For example, some people use the ARRI535 camera when shooting on film. It uses Kodak vision2 series film and carl zeiss lens.

Film shooting and production must rely on excellent film cameras, but cameras are only one factor to control the picture level. The quality of the picture is also closely related to the photographer's creative ability, the characteristics of the film, the quality of the lens, the later level and so on. At present, there are two mainstream movie cameras: Fanxin in the United States and Ariflex in Germany (Atong in France and Kang in Switzerland are also very good machines, but they are not common now). Hollywood mainly uses Panavisin, while photographers in Europe and Asia are used to using Ariflex cameras.

The main manufacturers of 35mm film cameras used in the world film industry are Panying Company in the United States, ARRI Group in Germany and AATON Company in France. Among the three companies, A Tong's 35mm camera model 35iii ii is mostly used to shoot documentaries, feature films and promotional films, while American films mostly use Pannavischen camera, and the latest and most advanced model in its series is Millennium. Panshen camera uses the Panna lens designed and assembled by our company, and the quality is excellent. Especially the variant widescreen lens, the quality is excellent. Among the cameras produced by Alai Group in Germany today, the latest and most advanced model is the ARRICAM ST model (see the picture below). Alai Group does not produce lenses by itself, but cooperates with Zeiss to produce up series lenses with PL bayonet, and the imaging quality is excellent. Most films used in movies and TV advertisements are Kodak Hysmans films, and the sensitivity ranges from ISO50-800. The film specification used for 35mm film is the same as that of 135 film for photography. At that time, oskar barnack, the inventor of Lycra camera, borrowed 35mm film directly. However, although the current 35mm film is the same as the 135 film for photography in terms of specifications and basic structure, it is quite different in processing technology and specific performance indicators.

How to use viewfinder in shooting skills

For people with cameras, there is a very ambiguous relationship between eyes and viewfinder. In 98% of cases, we usually put our eyes close to them to get images. When we shoot a composition from the viewfinder, do we simply ignore the data and symbols displayed in the viewfinder? Now let's see what these gadgets are for!

Do you know them?

Choose your focus position.

Check the edge of the picture in the frame.

Check whether the subject is in the center of the picture.

Check whether it is necessary to increase or decrease the exposure.

Determine if you need to turn on the flash.

F. Check whether the shutter setting is suitable for taking pictures.

G see if you need to control the depth of field with aperture.

H. adjust the ISO value according to the light of the shooting scene.

I pay attention to adjusting the white balance when changing the lights.

A. how to determine the subject?

Missing the opportunity to shoot makes the work not wonderful enough, but there is no more failure than shooting a work with a vague theme! Before pressing the shutter, please make sure that the object you want to embody the theme is in focus. If it is impossible to focus accurately manually, autofocus is a simple solution, which can not only make up for everyone's vision defects, but also avoid the blurred picture caused by mistakes; But the camera's autofocus system always determines what will be the focus center according to mechanical calculation. If the focus of the camera is not what you want, you need to adjust it manually until you focus on the subject you want to express.

B.what is the object on the edge of the picture?

The objects on the edge of the picture are to make the picture structure more complete and better explain the theme; Generally speaking, we will put some elements in this position that are not eye-catching and do not disturb the main performance. When composing a composition, don't just focus on removing unnecessary parts of the picture that interfere with the line of sight, and find out the objects that help to reflect the theme and guide the reader's line of sight; If you are keen on taking macro sketches, you can try to bring more surrounding environment, such as water drops and flowers, which is more vivid than a lonely insect.

C. Is the main body of the work placed in the visual center?

Through the viewfinder composition, if you find that most of the objects important to the picture performance are in the center of the composition, you must move the shooting point! Usually, the creative method of a good work is to make the subject deviate from the composition center; This method is generally suitable for square composition on SLR. If you need to shoot a square-sized work, or plan to shoot a square-sized picture, or the scenery in front of you is suitable for such a composition, then don't hesitate to bravely put the subject in the middle of the picture!

D. Is the shooting scene too bright or too dark?

When shooting a snow scene in winter, have you ever encountered a situation in which the white snow scene is photographed as gray? Or when shooting at dusk, I found that the picture was as bright as the light during the day? At this time, adjust the exposure compensation, increase the exposure of several blocks, and let the camera enter more light; When shooting a city night scene, you don't want the scene to be in a dark shadow. It can measure the light from the dark part to the bright part, and reduce the exposure compensation of several blocks.

E. do you need to fill the light?

When you want to use a flash somewhere, it doesn't pop up in a rage, isn't it a pity? When shooting with a flash, first look into the viewfinder to see if the flash is on, and then press the shutter;

How do we decide whether to use the flash? Usually shooting in bright background and dark foreground, you can turn on the flash to adjust the brightness balance of the scene; For example, in the case of backlight, the leaves will be darker without flashing lights, or the sky will be overexposed; At this time, using a flash to fill the light in a small range will expose the leaves and the sky normally;

In addition, you can practice outdoor for months or even years to fill a person's face with a flash to reduce the shadow under the subject's eyes; When the brightness of the work is too strong or too weak, the overall effect can be changed by adjusting the flash power.

F. Is the subject moving at high speed?

When you want to shoot an action freeze-frame, nothing is more regrettable than a blurred focus! Suppose you want to shoot a bicycle race, but the screen can only let you see a flash of virtual shadow, so you must adjust the shutter speed and set it to freeze 1/500 seconds or more.

If you want to shoot a calm, silky waterfall, but you always get a very unnatural flow chart, which tells you that you should make the shutter time longer; Before shooting, put the camera on a tripod, let it stand in a stable place, and release the cable to shoot, so as to avoid blurring the picture caused by camera shaking; Finally, adjust the shutter speed to 1/2 seconds or even longer to shoot.

G. Is the subject different from other elements?

When shooting babies playing in the park with a viewfinder, there are always many tourists around who unfortunately enter the focus. It's not easy to find a child from a large group of people! After this lesson, the next time you shoot, you can open the big aperture and blur the elements that interfere with the line of sight in the picture; We know that the smaller the aperture value, the larger the aperture, which means the smaller the clear range on the image.

In addition, don't adjust the aperture below f 1.4 to shoot people, you will only get a work with a clear mouth or nose; Might as well aim at people's eyes and adjust the aperture to f2.8 for shooting; F3.5 aperture is usually suitable for shooting still life, such as food, flowers and so on. On the other hand, if you don't want to miss the sunny scenery, you can keep the aperture at f 16.

H. do you like the light now?

The sunshine in the morning and evening brings fantastic brilliance to the whole city. At this time, there is generally no need for a flash, but the work always presents a gloomy feeling; At this time, you can adjust the corresponding ISO value according to the scene light. For example, if the ISO is raised to 400, the picture will be clearer. Accurately judging the ISO settings in different scenes can help you control the light that needs to enter the lens. If the work is too bright, then lower the ISO and take another picture!

1. Is the color of the picture what you want?

It should have been a golden afterglow, but it turned blue when I took it myself. The main reason for this problem is that the camera is set to automatic white balance. What should I do? We can adjust the white balance repeatedly until we get the most realistic image.

What if I can't get the truest color all the time? When shooting, the camera is usually automatically set to Kelvin temperature, which will cause the color to be blue; We can set the color temperature at 5000k or higher to ensure that the color of the picture is warmer.

Sony A7 II viewfinder type is electronic viewfinder.

Sony's micro-A7II does not use the smooth surface of the previous generation, but uses a frosted surface and carries out plastic spraying treatment. Like many high-end cameras, the texture is stronger, but it doesn't look as gorgeous as the previous generation. The biggest advantage of using a frosted surface is that you no longer have to worry about fingerprints getting greasy on the fuselage. No matter how you touch the frosted surface, it is difficult to leave fingerprints.

Sony Micro-single A7II has joined the high bit rate XAVC S recording supported for the first time on A7S, with a maximum data stream of 50Mbps, which improves the video quality. In addition, professional video shooting functions such as S-Log2 gamma, time code/user bit, synchronous recording control, marker display/marker setting are also seen on A7II.

The keys and keystrokes on A7II have been modified, and the keystrokes have become much shorter, which directly gives people the feeling that the operation is cool. However, the roller is changed to a thick and narrow roller, which has a large damping, appears stiff and squeaky, and the gear position is very clear. It takes some time to get used to it.

Sony A7 II supports spot metering, center button metering and multiple metering.

The data interface protection cover of Sony Micro A7II is vertically opened, so it is more flexible to separate two soft rubber protection covers. Sony uses the direct charging method of the fuselage, so the utilization rate of the data interface is still very high, and the soft rubber protective cover makes people worry about durability. This design is probably the need of the internal structure of the fuselage, rather than Sony's spontaneous design improvement.

The biggest selling point of A7II is the 5-axis anti-shake function, which is Sony's most important configuration for a new generation of Quan Huafu miniature single-phase computers. I believe it will be used in other A7 series products in the future. The 5-axis anti-shake function realizes anti-shake of the fuselage through sensor displacement.

According to the information provided, we can know what the viewfinder type of Sony A7 II is. Sony Micro-Single A7II has built-in enhanced hybrid autofocus system, which keeps the combination of 1 17 point phase detection autofocus system and 25 point fast intelligent autofocus system, and the focusing speed is increased by about 30%. At the same time, by optimizing the algorithm, the accuracy of tracking and focusing is improved by about 1.5 times, and it can also focus accurately in the weak light environment of EV-1. In continuous autofocus mode, wide-area focusing is turned on, and the phase detection point of 1 17 can display and track the focus of the object.