Is bromine just bromine? What are the world's major exporting countries?

Category: Business/Financial Management>>Trading

Analysis:

Yes

Product Name Bromine

Product English name Bromine

Product alias bromine

Molecular formula Br2

The product is mainly used to prepare bromide; and is used in medicine, pesticides, dyes, and spices , photographic materials, fire extinguishing agents, mineral processing, metallurgy, tanning, water purification and other departments

CAS number

Toxicity protection Bromine vapor can burn mucous membranes and cause coughing even at very low concentrations. , increased mucosal secretions, nose bleeding, dizziness and other symptoms. Liquid bromine has a burning effect on the skin and can stain the skin yellow. The maximum allowable concentration is 0.5mg/m3. Poisoning can lead to death in 30 to 40 minutes. Staff must wear protective equipment, such as overalls, rubber gloves, aprons, goggles and respirators. Contact with the skin should be avoided. If the skin is burned, rinse with plenty of water, apply ointment and send to hospital for treatment.

Packaging, storage and transportation: Packed in acid-resistant ceramic jars or glass bottles, with the mouth of the jar (bottle) sealed. The net weight of each jar is 25kg or 30kg. The jar (bottle) is put into a wooden box, and padding is added between the box and the jar (bottle) to prevent it from being squeezed. There should be obvious "drugs" and "corrosive substances" signs on the packaging. It is a first-class inorganic acidic corrosive substance, hazard regulation number: 91030. It should be stored in a cool, ventilated and dry warehouse. It must be prevented from being exposed to sunlight, isolated from fire and heat sources, and must not be stored or transported with chemicals such as ammonia, hydrogen, phosphorus, antimony powder and alkali. Keep away from wood chips, shavings, straw, etc. to prevent burning. Handle with care during transportation, loading and unloading to prevent jars (bottles) from breaking. In the event of a fire, dry sand and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers can be used to put it out.

Physical and chemical properties: reddish brown fuming liquid. Relative density 3.119 (20℃). Melting point -7.2℃, boiling point 58.78℃. At low temperature (-20℃), it is dark red needle-shaped crystal with metallic luster. It evaporates quickly at room temperature, and its vapor has a suffocating odor and is reddish brown. Slightly soluble in water, solubility is 3.58g/100ml water (20℃); easily soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, kerosene and carbon disulfide and other organic solvents; also soluble in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and bromine compound solution. Its chemical properties are similar to chlorine but slightly weaker, so the bromine in bromide can be driven out with free chlorine. It is a strong oxidant. In the presence of moisture, bromine can oxidize sulfur dioxide into sulfuric acid and generate hydrogen bromide; in alkaline media, nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and urea are oxidized by bromine to produce nitrogen; in the gas phase, bromine oxidizes ammonia into free Nitrogen produces white smoke of ammonium bromide, which is often used in production to check whether equipment and pipelines are leaking bromine; bromine is more stable than chlorine in the presence of hypobromous acid. Under sunlight, if hypobromous acid is present, it is more stable than chlorine. Toxic and corrosive.

Quality standards issued by the Ministry of Light Industry QB 349-63; former Soviet Union national standard ΓOCT 454-76

Molecular weight 159.808

Structural formula

< p> Consumption quota air blowing method steam distillation method

Liquid chlorine (Cl2 99%) t/t 1.040 0.55

Brine liquid (Br2 7～13g/L) m3/ t 130

Soda ash (Na2CO3 98%) t/t 1.400

Sulfuric acid (H2SO4 95%) t/t 4.730

Seawater [Br2 (55～65 )×10-6] m3/t 20000～23000

Electricity kWh/t 7500 550

Coal t/t 2 6.50

----- -------------------------------------------------- -------------

Japanese bitter brine method, sea water method, sulfur dioxide method

Bitter brine m3/t 0.33 -- 17.00

Seawater m3/t -- 20.00 --

Sulfuric acid (98%) t/t 8.00 4.00 2.30

Chlorine t/t 0.70 0.80 0.40

Caustic Sodium t/t -- 1.00 --

Sulfur dioxide t/t -- -- 0.50

See details

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As an important basic chemical raw material, bromine is widely used in flame retardants, oil exploration, fine chemicals and other fields. The United States is the world's largest producer and user of bromine products, with bromine production remaining at 300,000 tons/year in recent years. Israel is the world's second largest bromine producer and largest bromine exporter. Its output in 2005 was approximately 220,000 tons, and is expected to reach 260,000 tons in 2006, most of which is exported.

China is the world's third largest producer of bromine, with an output of approximately 130,000 tons in 2005.

my country's bromine production is mainly concentrated in the Bohai Bay area, with the bromine production in the northern coastal area of ??Weifang City, Shandong Province accounting for more than 70% of the country's total. As bromine prices continue to rise in recent years, bromine production has become the most popular local industry, attracting a large amount of idle social funds. Bromine factories have become dotted throughout the area. The production volume in 2005 was nearly 100,000 tons. According to industry veterans, the output in 2006 will reach 120,000 tons, an increase of 20% over last year. Based on this, it is inferred that the national bromine output will reach 160,000-170,000 tons in 2006, an increase of 40% over last year, making China the third largest producer in the world.