What is the secret of Nazca civilization?

As we all know, Egypt, Babylonia, India and China, four ancient civilizations, were all born in rich areas with rich people. But who can imagine that in another magical place on earth, there are wonders comparable to the Seven Wonders?

In the southeast corner of Ica province on the southwest coast of Peru, there is a small town called Nazca. There are nearly 100 households in this town, which are scattered sparsely. Their ancestors made a living by fishing and lived a quiet life of "no matter Wei and Jin Dynasties, they didn't know how to have a Han".

To the east of this town is the majestic Andes. Between them, there is a vast wasteland with an area of about 250 square kilometers, which is called Nazca wasteland by locals. Since ancient times, this barren land has been covered with a thick layer of ochre sand. Therefore, nothing grows here, birds and animals are difficult to live in, and people are inaccessible, so it is called "ghost domain".

One summer in the middle of the 20th century, a Peruvian national archaeological team came to Nazca wasteland. They walked on the endless wasteland for several days and saw nothing but gravel along the way. They were exhausted one by one, watching the food decrease day by day, and they couldn't find water. In addition, on the day of filariasis in July, they were thirsty and disheartened, and lost the confidence to continue the investigation.

One day, the setting sun was brilliant, and the afterglow of the setting sun cast a mysterious and solemn color on the Nazca wasteland. When the archaeologists sat down to rest, everyone lay on their backs on the smooth rocks in twos and threes. One of the players, out of professional habit, inadvertently pulled open the fragmentary stones in front of him. Suddenly, his eyes lit up: there was a "groove" hidden under the stone, which was obviously dug by hand. His scream woke the others from their drowsiness. Everyone took a closer look: the "groove" was filled with countless stones like rusty iron blocks.

This unexpected discovery made the team immediately realize that it would be a very happy action for you to come, which aroused their great interest and enthusiasm. They put their thirst and fatigue behind them and immediately plunged into the difficult and orderly excavation work nervously. After a large-scale in-depth excavation, the archaeological team found that the depth of these "grooves" is generally 0.9 meters, but the width is different. Some are only 15cm, and some are 20m. What makes the archaeological team incredible is that the shapes and directions of these "grooves" are very strange. Some of them stretch and are elegant, some are short and frustrated, some are endless, and some seem to go straight into the sky, which is really fantastic.

When and by whom were these "trenches" dug? At first, archaeologists called these "trenches" "a huge and mysterious project built in some way". Later, archaeologists decided to take aerial photos and observe the Nazca wasteland by plane. When they looked down from the air, they were dumbfounded at the sight: the "ditch" on the wasteland was not the irrigation canal originally guessed, nor the crack on the surface, but an endless picture. Each line of these paintings is formed by digging the front gravel on the surface of the wasteland. Some lines composed of "grooves" are straight and regular, forming geometric patterns such as triangle, rectangle, trapezoid, parallelogram and spiral, which seems to be excavated by mathematicians after careful calculation. For example, some triangular patterns are as big as several kilometers, but the angle of pattern design is very accurate, and the error is only within one decimeter; Some patterns are star-shaped and lines radiate in all directions, revealing the charm of the goddess; Some criss-crossing lines are like the patterns of airport runways and sign lines today. Runways vary in length, some are as long as 2500 meters and some are about 500 meters. They are all straight, with angular corners and tight buckles. When these runways cross canyons or hills, the direction remains the same. Some runways have a similar pole or observation deck every 500 meters. What is even more surprising is that many wasteland patterns are images of animals, plants and people. For example, there is a human figure with only one head and two hands. One hand has five fingers, while the other hand has only four fingers. This painting is about 50 meters long and is a typical Indian outline. Animal and plant patterns vary in size, mostly ranging from 15 to 300 meters, and the largest covers an area of 5 kilometers. Judging from the photos taken, these images are vivid and very realistic, which can be called the masterpiece of the painter. Some are like lizards, hummingbirds, ducks and whales; Some are like long-clawed dogs, spiders, parrots and goshawks; Others are similar to seaweed, cactus and flowers. Among them, the image of a monkey is bigger than a football field. Its palm is 12 meters wide and looks lively and interesting. The wings of another Dapeng are about 50 meters long and the bird is 300 meters long. From a distance, it seems to soar in a hurricane, flying lightly, and flowing upward and rising slowly like a huge whirlpool in the sea. There is also a picture of an octopus with a sharp long knife under its abdomen. You can even imagine the octopus's grief. Most of the wasteland patterns are outlined with a line, and the lines never cross. People can start from any place, walk along the line, and never run into overlapping roads. These lifelike images are repeated regularly with high accuracy. Huge animal patterns are the same patterns that appear repeatedly. Similar patterns are exactly the same, just like the same pattern made by the same mold. Because the design area is too large and the lines are simple, it is difficult for people to see the contents on the screen at the moment on the ground. Only by overlooking from the air or aerial photography can we clearly distinguish them as huge paintings embedded in the wasteland, which is really fascinating and beautiful.

The landscape painting of Nazca wasteland is carved down 10 cm on the dark brown surface stone, and then the yellow and white sand are exposed to form shallow grooves, forming a figure, which is quite like a single line sketch. The reason why the earth painting has gone through vicissitudes of life and has not been eroded by wind and sand is because small stones are placed on the earth painting, which can block the severe temperature difference and wind erosion. As for the time when the map was made, carbon 14 was used to measure the residual wooden stakes at one end of a straight line on a map, which was about 600 AD, so it is speculated that the map was made at that time.

Later, a researcher climbed a nearby hill in the morning to observe and found an unexpected landscape: when dawn came, this wasteland was more spectacular and charming against the background of Zhao Hui. The beauty of the wilderness, which can only be seen from the sky, is now clearly presented. The birds and animals in the pattern seem to come alive at once, or soar in the air, or gallop at high speed, or swim at the bottom of the sea. But when the sun rises gradually, the pattern suddenly disappears and falls into silence.

Why can't these paintings be seen clearly on the flat ground at ordinary times and only appear at some time in the morning? Through field investigation, the researchers confirmed that the depth and width of the "groove" of each pattern were accurately calculated according to the oblique incidence of the rising sun. It can be seen that the makers of wasteland patterns are not only outstanding artists, but also natural scientists who are well versed in optics. I don't know how much effort they spent, but they accurately calculated the incident angle of light oblique to the morning light, and on this basis determined the distance between the depth and width of each line of the pattern. In this way, when these prerequisites are ready, as long as the sun rises to a certain height in the morning, strange patterns will be bathed in it, forming a spectacular spectacle of clouds steaming and Xia Wei.

The mystery of Nazca's wasteland pattern caused a sensation all over the world, and many people called it "the eighth wonder of the world". Some people even think that compared with the Seven Wonders of the World, the mystery of the mysterious patterns on the wasteland of Nazca is more confusing, so what's the secret? When and how did these patterns come into being? What are the meanings of these patterns? What is it used for?

For more than half a century, many scholars have made in-depth and meticulous research on this series of problems, but they are all puzzling and have different opinions, which is still a mystery of human culture that has not been completely uncovered.