Where is Confucius' hometown in Shandong?

The former residence of Confucius is located in Qufu City, Shandong Province, covering an area of 200 mu. Apply for inheritance on 1994. There are Confucius Temple, one of the most complete existing ancient buildings in China, Confucius House, which is called "the best in the world", and Kong Lin, the largest family cemetery in the world, which is a holy place for Confucian scholars to study and sacrifice.

The Confucius Temple covers an area of about 200 mu and is more than 1km long from north to south. It is a temple dedicated to Confucius, and its Dacheng Hall, Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing and Tianzhu Hall of Daimiao Temple in Taishan are also called the Three Treasures of the East.

Covering an area of about 180 mu, Confucius' eldest grandson lives in Confucius' mansion, and nearly 300,000 private documents and files with the longest delay and the most complete preservation are preserved in China. 1994 Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest are listed as World Cultural Heritage by the United Nations. There are 103 cultural relics in Confucius' hometown.

Confucius' educational thought;

Confucius put forward for the first time in the history of China that people's natural qualities are similar, and the differences in personality are mainly influenced by acquired education and social environment ("similar in sex, far from learning"). Therefore, everyone can be educated and everyone should be educated.

He advocated "no education for all", founded private schools and enrolled more students, which broke the monopoly of slave owners and nobles on school education and expanded the scope of education to civilians, conforming to the trend of social development at that time.

Confucius advocated "learning to be an official", and learning to be an official. The purpose of his education is to cultivate a political gentleman, who must have high moral quality. Therefore, Confucius emphasized that school education must put moral education in the first place ("disciples should be filial, considerate, sincere and trustworthy, be kind to others, and learn literature if they have spare capacity").

The main contents of Confucius' moral education are "courtesy" and "benevolence". Among them, "courtesy" is the moral standard, and "benevolence" is the highest moral standard. "Rite" is the form of "benevolence" and "benevolence" is the content of "ceremony". With the spirit of "benevolence", "ceremony" can be truly enriched. In terms of moral cultivation, he put forward methods such as determination, self-denial, practice, introspection and courage to reform.

"Learning and knowing" is the dominant idea of Confucius' teaching thought. While advocating being shameless and eager to learn, he emphasized the combination of learning and thinking ("learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous"), and at the same time, he should "apply what he has learned" and apply what he has learned to social practice.

In terms of teaching methods, Confucius requires teachers to have the educational philosophy of "teaching without distinction" and "managing the country to help the world", the methodology of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "heuristic", and pay attention to early childhood education and enlightenment education. He educates students to have an honest learning attitude, be open-minded and eager to learn, review what they have learned from time to time, so as to "review the past and learn new things", broaden and deepen the extension of new knowledge, and "draw inferences from others".

He first proposed heuristic teaching. He said, "No anger, no anger, no anger." This means that teachers should enlighten and inspire students appropriately when students have seriously thought and reached a certain level.

He was also the earliest educator who adopted the method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude in teaching practice. Through conversation and individual observation, he understands and is familiar with students' personality characteristics. On this basis, according to the specific situation of each student, different educational methods are adopted to cultivate talents in morality, language, politics and literature.

Confucius loved education and engaged in educational activities all his life. He never tires of learning and teaching. We should not only teach by example, but also lead by example and influence students with our own example behavior. He loves his students and they respect him very much. The relationship between teachers and students is very harmonious. He is a shining example of ancient teachers in China.

Confucius' educational activities not only cultivated many students, but also put forward his educational theory on the basis of practice, which laid a theoretical foundation for China's ancient education.