What is the Bauhaus style? Are there any masterpieces?

Style is the product of a highly developed art (Bauhaus is no exception, of course), and as time goes on, various styles will increase day by day.

Bauhaus (1919/41-1933/7), the abbreviation of "Staatliches Bauhaus" in Weimar, Germany, was later renamed as "Hochschule fur Gestaltung".

The word "Bauhaus" was coined by Gropius, which is a transliteration of German Bauhaus. The word "house building" is the other way around.

19 19 a design school was established in Germany, which is the first school in the world to carry out design education.

◎ Introduction:

Bauhaus experienced three stages of development before and after:

The first stage (1919-1925) was the Weimar period. As the headmaster, Gropius put forward the lofty ideal of "new unification of art and technology" and shouldered the sacred mission of training designers and architects in the 20th century. He recruited talents, hired artists and craftsmen to teach, and formed a new education system combining art education with manual production;

The second stage (1925— 1932) is the Dessau period. Bauhaus rebuilt in Dessau, Germany, and carried out curriculum reform, implementing the teaching method of integrating design and production teaching, and achieved excellent results. 1928 Gropius resigned as president of Bauhaus, and was succeeded by sepp maier, director of the Department of Architecture. The architect from the Party of * * * expanded Bauhaus's artistic radicalism into political radicalism, which made Bauhaus face more and more political pressure. In the end, Meyer himself had to resign at 1930 and be succeeded by Ludwig ·MIES· van der Rohe. Faced with the pressure from Nazi forces, Miss tried her best to keep the school running. Finally, 1932+00 After the Nazi Party occupied Dessau in June, she was forced to close Bauhaus.

The third stage (1932-1933) is the Berlin period. Ludwig mies van der rohe moved the school to an abandoned office building in Berlin and tried to reorganize it. Because the spirit of Bauhaus was not tolerated by Nazi Germany, in the face of the Nazi government that just came to power, Miss finally gave up, and announced the permanent closure of Bauhaus in August of that year. 1933+0 1 Bauhaus closed in June, and 14 had to end its development.

Bauhaus was formed by the merger of Weimar Art School and Technical School, and its purpose is to cultivate new design talents. Although Bauhaus was called the School of Architecture, architecture specialty didn't appear until 1927, and there were only textiles, ceramics, metalworking, glass, sculpture, printing and other subjects. Therefore, Bauhaus is mainly a design school. In design theory, Bauhaus put forward three basic viewpoints: ① the new unity of art and technology; ② The purpose of design is people, not products; ③ Design must follow the laws of nature and objectivity. These viewpoints have played a positive role in the development of industrial design, making modern design gradually move from idealism to realism, that is, rational and scientific ideas have replaced artistic self-expression and romanticism.

Bauhaus's teaching time is three and a half years. Students have to go through basic course training for half a year after entering school, and then enter the workshop to learn various practical skills. The difference between Bauhaus and the arts and crafts movement is that it is not hostile to machines, but tries to establish extensive relations with industry, which is both the requirement of the times and the need of survival. At the beginning of the establishment of Bauhaus, with the support of Gropius, some of the most radical artists in Europe came to teach in Bauhaus, which made the prevailing ideological trend at that time, especially expressionism, have an important influence on Bauhaus's early theory. In the early days of Bauhaus, a group of basic course teachers were Kandinsky of Russia, Faninger of the United States, Klee and Eaton of Switzerland. Among them, Kandinsky was a painting teacher in the metal and wood products workshop of Morris Education College. These artists are closely related to expressionism. Expressionism is an art school that appeared in Germany and Austria in the early 20th century. The task of advocating art is to express the personal feelings and experiences of supervisors, advocate transforming the world with art, and express the spirit of the times in strange and exaggerated forms. This idealism is consistent with Bauhaus's goal of "discovering the form symbolizing the world" and creating a new society.