This paper briefly introduces the historical background of Qiantang River Bridge.

Qiantang River Bridge is the first double-deck bridge designed and built by China. It was officially started on April 6, 1935, and was attacked by enemy planes for the first time on August 6, 1937. However, a month later, it was opened to traffic on September 26,165438+1October 65438+.

In the same year,1February 23, 944, the Japanese army bombed the bridge to resist the Japanese invasion of China. 19441October, the Japanese army built the railway bridge (the highway bridge was still closed). On February 4th, guerrillas bombed the bridge again. In June, the Bridge Engineering Office 1946 returned to Hangzhou to repair the bridge, and in March 1947 was temporarily opened to traffic. 1On May 3rd, 949, the Kuomintang was defeated, so it was necessary to blow up the bridge, and the bridge engineering department temporarily repaired it that day. 1April, 950, No.6 pier was repaired, and the bridge was completely repaired.

The host of the design and construction of Qiantang River Bridge is Dr. Mao Yisheng, a contemporary bridge expert. In order to complete the important task of building the bridge, Mao Yisheng resolutely resigned from the chair of Beiyang University and came to Hangzhou alone. For the first time, the pneumatic caisson method was successfully used to dig mud into piles, which broke the prediction of foreigners that "Qiantang River is deep and fast, and it is impossible to build a bridge".

For the people of China, his bridge construction scheme is not only feasible, but also reduces the investment by about 2 million yuan compared with the scheme proposed by American bridge expert Walter, which was finally adopted by the authorities. The majestic bridge expresses the lofty aspiration of the people of China to stand on their own feet in the world, and the unforgettable pain of "I exhausted my wisdom for thousands of days, but blew up the bridge on the opening day" engraved in it will never be forgotten by the people of China.

Extended data:

The Story of Mao Yisheng and Qiantang River Bridge

1937165438+1October 1 1 The Japanese War is approaching Hangzhou. /kloc-on the afternoon of 0/6, Mao Yisheng was working in the office of Gong Qiao, and a guest came to visit, saying that he was from Nanjing and had something important to see Mao Yisheng.

The new comer is Mr. Ding from Nanjing Institute of Technology. After showing Mao Yisheng a top secret document of the Nanjing government, he briefly introduced the current grim situation and said very seriously, "If Hangzhou is not guaranteed, the Qiantang River Bridge will be built for the Japanese! According to the order of the superior, the Qiantang River Bridge will be blown up tomorrow to prevent the enemy from crossing the river, because the enemy is approaching Hangzhou. "

Instructor Ding also revealed that the explosives and blasting equipment needed to blow up the bridge have been transported directly from Nanjing, just outside the car. Say that finish, then take out the military order, want the bridge engineering department to cooperate to deal with the explosion of the bridge, limited to tomorrow.

Mao Yisheng smell speech, surprised, think that the war will evolve so fast! It took two and a half years to build the bridge. It is really a sad thing to blow up the railway just after it was opened to traffic. Mao Yisheng experienced the most painful moment in his life.

Anyone can imagine what it's like to "give up what you love with painstaking efforts and sweat". However, the military orders are like a mountain. Mao Yisheng said to Instructor Ding: "When we built the bridge, we considered the problem of destroying the bridge, and specially prepared a rectangular cavity for putting explosives on the second pier near the south bank."

Instructor Ding was very surprised and praised again and again: "You are so thoughtful! What a vision! " Instructor Ding estimated that in order to blow up a pier and a five-hole steel beam, more than 100 wires need to be connected at the place where explosives are put, and it will take at least 12 hours to complete the project. If we wait until Enemy at the Gates to start construction, it will be too late.

After careful consideration, we decided to put the explosives into the rectangular cavity of the pier to be blasted and the bars of the five-hole steel beam to be blasted, and then connect more than 100 leads from each place where the explosives were put to a house on the south bank. When the bridge is about to be blown up, connect each lead with the detonator. Finally, when the explosion command is heard, the detonator of the blaster will be electrified and ignited, so that the five-hole pier of the bridge can be blown up at the same time.

After the plan was approved by Nanjing, Instructor Ding led people to take action, and the Bridge Engineering Department sent people to help. After a busy night, the work of burying explosives was completed in the early morning of 17. Instructor Ding set up a frontier command post on the south bank of the bridge. At the same time, inform all train drivers and firefighters who cross the bridge not to poke the stove when crossing the bridge to prevent sparks from leaking.

The placement of explosives is strictly confidential. However, the situation is changing rapidly. At this moment, Mao Yisheng suddenly received an order from the Zhejiang provincial government. Due to the influx of refugees into Hangzhou, the ferry was simply not enough, and the highway part of Qiantang River Bridge had to be opened to traffic on the same day. At this time, the Zhejiang provincial government did not know that explosives had just been installed on the bridge, because the matter was highly confidential.

The pavement of Da Qiao Highway was paved more than a month ago, but it was not opened to traffic only to prevent enemy air strikes. Due to special circumstances, the highway bridge was opened to traffic on June 165438+ 10/7. On this day, people who got the news came to the riverside at both ends of the bridge from Hangzhou and Ningbo. When the first car crossed the bridge, hundreds of thousands of people on both sides of the strait applauded and cheered. The scene was very touching. That is, on this day, Mao Yisheng and chief engineer Luo Ying took the car 12, which was the first time they passed on the bridge highway.

The excited people then flocked to the highway bridge and were packed. Some people took off their shoes and walked up and down the sidewalk on the bridge deck, chanting: "It has been said for generations that two feet can't cross the Qiantang River. You see, this is not done! " The phrase "crossing the Qiantang River with two feet" is used to satirize boasters. At present, everyone who walks on the bridge has realized the wish of "crossing the Qiantang River with two feet".

However, a few people know that hundreds of kilograms of explosives were put on the bridge at this time, and the bridge designed and built by China people was already facing the fate of being blown up the day it was built?

The war is getting tighter and tighter. The Japanese army is attacking Wu Kang and spying on Fuyang and Hangchow. At this time, there are more pedestrians crossing the south of Qianjiang Bridge. Needless to say, Shanghai and Nanjing are no longer open to traffic, and Qianjiang Bridge has become a retreat. According to the estimation of the railway bureau at that time, before the bridge was bombed on February 22, 65438, more than 300 locomotives retired from the bridge, more than 2000 vans and as many as 65438+ 10,000 refugees fled.

It is estimated that the value of the robbed materials alone exceeds the cost of building the bridge by more than 5 million silver dollars. Qiantang River Bridge has made an indelible contribution to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

The next day,1937 65438+February 23, the Japanese army began to attack Hangzhou angrily. At 1 pm, Mao Yisheng finally received the order: blow up the bridge. But the refugees crossing the bridge are still flooding. At 3 o'clock sharp, all the preparations for bombing the bridge were ready. Mao Yisheng stood on the bridge, looking at the dark refugees on the bridge, filled with anger against the Japanese aggressors. Until 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the dust raised by the enemy riding was faintly visible. He categorically banned pedestrians and prepared to carry out blasting.

At one command, there was only a loud bang, with thick smoke and splashing water. The majestic1453m Wolong River was cut off from six places, making a heroic sacrifice for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After 925 days of intense construction, this modern bridge cost 6.5438+0.6 million US dollars, and only existed for 89 days.

After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Mao Yisheng was ordered to build the bridge. 1March, 948, the restoration project was completed, and the Qiantang River Bridge flew to the top of the Qiantang River again.

Baidu Baike-Qiantangjiang Bridge

People's Network-The Story of Mao Yisheng and Qiantang River Bridge