Interpretation of Visual Structure of Remote Sensing Images

Visual interpretation is still the most basic method for geological interpretation of remote sensing images. According to the image characteristics of ground objects, regional structural interpretation maps (Figure 1-4, 1-5, 1-6) are compiled by using various interpretation marks and visual interpretation methods.

Figure 1-4 Structural Interpretation Map of Landsat Images in Northwest Jiaodong

Distribution characteristics of 1. linear structure

Linear structure refers to the linear image related to geological action or controlled by geological structure on remote sensing images. The linear image of fault structure shows the linear anomalies of interpretation marks such as hue, shadow, landform, water system and soil vegetation. Through the interpretation of the above three remote sensing images and the verification of field geological survey, the linear structures developed in the northwest of Jiaodong can be divided into five groups according to their distribution, which shows the frequent and complex tectonic activities in this area.

Figure 1-5 Interpretation Map of Landsat Image Structure in the Northwest of Jiaodong

Figure 1-6 Interpretation Map of Aerial Image Structure in Northern Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province

The general characteristics of the distribution of nearly east-west linear structures are intermittent connection and hierarchical development, which reflects the influence of multi-level structures and destroys its integrity and continuity. Combined with regional structure, it is analyzed that its formation period is an integral part of basement structure. The NNE and NNE linear structures are most clearly reflected in the image, and the distribution characteristics appear in the form of structural fracture zones, which are composed of fine linear structures. It is clearly displayed on Zhaoping fault and Huangye fault, showing the main structural framework in this area. The image of NW linear structure is characterized by good continuity, and linear structures in other directions are often cut. Most modern rivers in the northwest of Jiaodong flow into the sea in NW direction. It can be seen that the linear fault structure has the characteristics of long-term development and complex superposition, multi-directional spatial distribution and linear extension.

2. Distribution characteristics of ring structure

Since the appearance of space remote sensing images, people have paid more and more attention to the ring structure information. Landsat TM images, Landsat images and aerial images in the northwest of Jiaodong are rich in ring structure information, and their shapes are mostly circular, oval, semi-circular and arc. Most ring structures have their geological connotations, mainly including hidden arc faults, dome structures, short-axis anticlines, tectonic rocks, cyclic structures, sedimentary basins, hidden rock bodies, centers of heavy lava bodies and halos formed by hydrothermal alteration. The scale of annular structure varies greatly, and it can cross various geological boundaries, including various strata and structural units. Some ring structures appear singly, some appear in groups, and some are intertwined. There are rings in the ring, which overlap and cross each other, showing a complicated situation. The spatial distribution of ring structure mainly extends in east-west direction and northeast direction, which indirectly reflects the existence of fault structure. TM image interpretation shows that the positions of 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 rings are generally consistent with the Huangye fault zone, and the rings 5, 6 and 8 12, 15, 17, 18 and the east-west Qixia anticline structural belt.