Gangu Pistachio nuts: Pistachios in Gangu County.

The pistachio varieties planted in China were introduced from Central Asia in the Tang Dynasty and have been cultivated for more than 300 years. They belong to Central Asia and show drought resistance, heat resistance and photophobia. The growing season requires an average temperature of 24 ~ 26℃, which can withstand the high temperature of 40℃ in summer and the short-term cold of -30℃ in winter. Although pistachio has a long history in China, it is mostly planted sporadically, mainly in Kashi Hotan and Aksu areas south of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, with more in Shufu County and Shule County.

Pistachio nuts can be propagated by sowing, grafting, plant division, layering and tillering. Young trees enter the fruiting age later. If they are seedlings, it will take 7-8 years to bear fruit, rootstock seedlings will take about 5 years, and grafted trees will take 3-4 years. Generally, the yield per plant of nuts is about 15kg.

Weimin Pistachio Farm in Gangu County, located in the Weihe River Basin, explored the successful experience of grafting American Pistachio nuts with Pistacia chinensis growing in Longnan mountain plain after 14 years, and cultivated excellent pistachio seedlings that can bear fruit in only three years. The successful introduction and results of pistachio in Gangu base make Gangu the only breeding base of pistachio in China. Pistachio nuts are precious tree species native to Central Asia and West Asia. Pistachios are treasures, and the fruits, skins, kernels and leaves all have high health care functions. Leaves can also extract tannins, dyes and spices. The trunk is thin and hard, beautiful in color, and it is an ideal wood for making wood carving crafts and high-grade furniture.

1990, 64-year-old Xie Lao man gradually reclaimed a wasteland into a "land for the people".

After 1995 failed to introduce pistachio in Lanzhou and other places, the Institute of Biology of the Provincial Academy of Sciences introduced 24 more plants to Weimin Farm. Due to the lack of Chinese materials for technical guidance, 7 strains died halfway, and 17 strains survived.

During the period of 1996, the Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs invited Dr. Louis Ferguson, the Fruit Research Center of the University of California, USA, to come to Gangu Weimin Farm to explain in detail the difficult problems of pistachio planting in the United States and give technical guidance on cultivation and grafting.

At the end of 2004, Dr. Ferguson came to Gangu County again. When listening to the old man Xie said that nearly 100 female plants had red doodle pistachios, he kept saying, "Great, China farmers, great, thank you." In the autumn of 2004, Mr. Xie introduced pistachio grafted seedlings 1 10,000 plants from the United States, and more than 20,000 plants were successfully grafted. Professor Jiyuan, the director of Pistacia vera introduction project in China, came to the farm for investigation. After inspecting the grafted seedlings of Pistacia vera cultivated on the farm, he fully affirmed the complete success of the introduction and grafting on the farm. It is reported that American pistachios have extremely high economic value, and one kilogram of pistachios is worth 200 yuan RMB internationally.

In 2006, the happy fruit trees in the garden were dark green leaves, big nuts and fragrant. Now in the pistachio demonstration garden, there are American varieties (already bearing fruit), Israeli varieties (already bearing fruit), Iraqi varieties and Spanish varieties, all competing for fragrance and show. Today, Weimin Farm has more than 60,000 pistachio saplings: biennial saplings and annual saplings. The saplings are as high as 50 cm, with tender branches and luxuriant leaves, and their growth is particularly gratifying.

The pistachio finally survived, and the pistachio finally blossomed and bore fruit ... The good news that the pistachio survived and bore fruit in China attracted experts from the United States on the other side of the ocean, and experts from Israel and Iran, the major countries of pistachio industry, visited the farm for inspection and guidance, praising the pistachio planted on the farm for growing as well as their country.

Weimin Farm has an annual output of more than 654.38 million pistachio saplings. Pistacia pistachio (Pistacia chinensis) and scions satisfy themselves and give foreign aid. The pistachio grafting team worked hard to find out the grafting methods in different seasons. Each person can graft 30,000 pistachio saplings every year, and the grafting survival rate is over 90%. 1994 pistachio was introduced to Gangu county for domestication and cultivation. 1999 The male plant bloomed and the female plant blossomed and bore fruit in 2000, which is the only successful example in China. 1In August, 1999, Dr. Louis Ferguson, Director of the Research Center of the University of California, USA, and Dr. Eminem, Senior Consultant of Israeli Pistachio visited Gangu in March, 2003. They all think that Gangu is suitable for pistachio planting because of its warm climate, abundant sunshine and good soil quality. Up to now, Gangu County has developed 500 mu of pistachio demonstration garden, including 60 mu of primary orchard; The nursery is 30 mu, with an annual output of 65438+ 10,000 seedlings. At present, pistachio has basically mastered the botanical characteristics, biological characteristics, seedling breeding technology, high-yield cultivation technology and pest control technology, and has truly become a large-scale seedling breeding base and demonstration base in China. At the same time, under the guidance of experts from the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, seedling breeding and variety introduction were started for private farms. Pistacia chinensis was selected as the grafting stock, and a nursery for rootstock seedling breeding was established, and grafting methods and seedling domestication experiments were carried out. Weimin Farm provided seedlings for northern Shaanxi and Longnan of our province while carefully exploring seedling cultivation techniques.

In order to give full play to the regional advantages and develop the domestic pistachio industry, Gangu County plans to build a pistachio demonstration garden of 5,000 mu in 3-5 years, and produce 300 kilograms of commercial fruit per mu in the full fruit period. According to the minimum 40 yuan per kilogram, the annual income per mu can reach 1.2 million yuan, and the annual income of 5000 mu demonstration garden is 60 million yuan. Lyrics name: Happy old man pistachio

-Xie Xiwenzan, people's pistachio farm in Gangu County.

Author: Xie Zitu Deng Donghu Xie Deyang

Xi gan emperor's hometown

loess plateau

There is an old man with a dream.

Let China people eat pistachios on yellow soil.

A wasteland is accompanied by hard work.

Two rest huts.

Reclaim an acre of "people's farm".

Seedlings introduced from abroad.

Chizai farm

Live on a farm

More than ten years of exploration and work.

Happy pistachio harvest

Huge nuts

A garden full of pistachios

The old man is very happy

The villagers are getting richer and richer.

The more prosperous, the more prosperous.

Happy old man-pistachio Xie Zitu, formerly known as Xie Daping, net name Nanjing citizen Xie Zitu, male, born in 1962, Qijia Village, Xinxing Town, Gangu County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province. My ancestral home is Yinpo Village, anyuan town, and my grandfather's surname is Sun. His home is in Sunjiaping Village, Xinxing Town, this county. 1985 graduated from Jilin university, majoring in metal materials and heat treatment, and now works in Nanjing High-tech Zone Mahler Engine Parts (Nanjing) Co., Ltd., as an engineer. In his spare time, he likes to edit Baidu entries and write lyrics. Baidu network editor, amateur lyricist. By 20 12, 10, Baidu has edited 245 versions. 20 12 June Children's Song Woodpecker Xie Zitu (in collaboration with others) Composed by Deng Donghu. Woodpecker participated in the solicitation of "Relay China-Original Lyrics Songs of National Excellent Children" sponsored by the Management Committee of the Special Fund for Caring for Rural Left-behind Children of China Children's Culture and Art Foundation in July, 20 12, and won the Silver Lyrics Award in Beijing in August, 20 18. This song will be included in "Relay China-National Excellent Children" which will be released at the end of the year. Song of Nanjing Metro Line 3 is his second lyric, which was written from June 1 1 and basically completed from June 12. In 20 12, 10 wrote the lyrics of happy old people's pistachios.