What is the camera used by the TV station?

At present, almost all camera targets use ccd, but the mystery is quite different. The ccd equipped on the betacam is 2/3 inch (diagonal length), and most of DVCom is 1/2 inch. The first bright area is quite different, even though they are all 2/3 inches. Due to the different transfer modes of charge "frame" and "field", the actual light receiving area of the target is also different. Philips ccd adopts FIT technology, and the actual light receiving area of its light target is much larger than that of Japanese Ikebukuro and Sony cameras adopting FT technology. It goes without saying that a large light receiving area means excellent and good "low illumination" index. DVCom is mostly in IT mode, and the effective utilization area of light target is low, and its residual charge is relatively large, which can not reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of camera. It is easy to produce so-called "vertical bright stripes" for high-light signals (such as strong light sources), so the broadcast camera DVCom is not in advcompit mode. In addition, the "brightness tolerance" of the light target is the most important index to determine the amount of shooting information. Philip is 12 times the tolerance of TV, and the best cameras of "on-pool" and "Sony" can only reach 3.

Analysis from the subsequent circuit of ccd;

1: The gamma effect of broadcast cameras is based on the "reciprocal" curve. This curve is inspired by "film", which can compress the "highlights" that are insensitive to human eyes, maximize the "intermediate gray level" that has the greatest influence on the picture, and make the picture more layered. As far as I know, DVCom has no such effect. The compensation of later software is limited.

2. The broadcast camera has a good comb filter circuit, which can make the connectors of different colors produce mathematical differential effect to avoid crosstalk between different colors, that is, the so-called comb filter circuit of DVCom is much different, and the comb filter circuit of the same broadcast camera with different prices is also different.

3. Broadcast cameras have special skin color correction circuits. I remember that when Philips' LDK-90 and LDK-9 1 first entered the Asian market, it was still difficult to achieve good sales performance despite their high performance and low price (but they sold well in Europe). One of the reasons is that the original LDK-90 and LDK-9 1 did not develop needles for Asians. In this respect, "Ikebukuro" and "Sony" have done a good job, so although the performance of the whole machine is much worse than the LDK series, the "sensory evaluation" is very good. Today, most photographers still think that the camera on Ikebukuro is the best in the world. In fact, Philips' LDK- 100 series has made a "skin color effect" on Asians, and the overall performance (of course

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Clear the boundary between professional level and broadcasting level

Recently, I have seen many people label things like 180A and 190P as "professional broadcasting level". I think it is necessary to clarify this problem. If there are any mistakes, please point them out!

(A) Simulator era

I. Civil grade:

(1)240~260 line level. Main formats: VHS (home video equipment), VHS-C (home video equipment), VIDEO-8, BETA-ED. Sony was defeated in the home video war.

Standard input and output: AVCOMPOSITE (video composite)

(2)400-line high-definition analog level. Main formats: S-VHS (home video equipment), S-VHS-C (home video equipment) and HI-8.

Standard input and output: Y/C component (that is, S video)

During this period, 3CCD shoulder machines using S-VHS-C, HI-8 and even VHS, VHS-C and VIDEO-8 are civilian-grade flagship high-end machines rather than professional machines.

Two. Broadcast level:

The most famous Sony BETACAMSP P. has a horizontal resolution of more than 500 lines.

Standard input and output: analog component RGB

(B) the era of digital computers

I. Civil grade:

(1)440-500 line level: DIGITAL8(D8) is the main format.

Standard input and output: digital composite (1394)

(2)500~540 line level: MINIDV is the most important format.

Standard input and output: digital composite (1394)

The size of a single CCD is in the range of 1/6~ 1/3 inches, which is in the middle and low end. Including Panasonic pseudoprofessional shoulder machine MD9000.

1/4.7-inch 3CCD player, high-end. Typical models: SONYDCR-TRV900/940/950, Panasonic MX350/AG-EZ80, GS400.

1/3-inch 3CCD is a high-end flagship, commonly known as civil-grade professional machine. Such as Panasonic AG-DVC/KOOC-0/00a/KOOC-0/80a, Sony VX 2000/2/KOOC-0/00, Canon XL/KOOC-0//XL2, etc. However, several 3CCD models with 1/4.7 inches can barely be counted as this level, such as Panasonic AG-DVC33MC, AG-DVC63MC, AG-DVC 15MC and Canon XM2. The difference between them and the previous grade may only lie in the machine material, lens size and quality, microphone quality and other factors. In addition, several low-end models of Sony DVCAM series, such as DSR-PDX/KOOC-0/0p,/KOOC-0/50p and/KOOC-0/90p, are also at this level.

(3) Other 500-line levels: DVD burning form and MICROMV format developed by Sony itself. Don't talk.

Two. Professional level:

(1) Sony's DVCAM format

(2) Panasonic's DVCPRO format (D-7 format)

Both are similar, and the resolution can reach 750~800 lines at the high-end machine.

Standard I/O: Like MINIDV, it is also a digital composite (1394).

Three. Broadcast Level: (SD)

There are three types of cameras: studio, news gathering and on-site production.

(1) Sony's BETACAMSX format

(2) Sony's digitalbetacamdww-790 wsp (currently the strongest of the five BETACAM series, BETACAMSX ranks second).

(3) Panasonic: DVCPRO50 series AJ-D908WAMC.

Jvc: d-9 series dy-700 EC

They all use high-quality metal video tapes, not oxide video tapes.

Standard input and output: digital components.

Four. Hd level:

Sony's HDCAM series. . Panasonic DVCPROHD series. The resolution of 1080 * 720 is adopted, and the aspect ratio of 16: 9 is used. A complete high-definition solution includes high-definition camera, high-definition video recorder, high-definition non-line and high-definition broadcast equipment, and the intermediate connection can only be through HD-SDI interface. Of course, viewers must use high-definition digital TV to watch programs. Sony: HDW 730, HDW 750 p, HDW F900

Panasonic: AJ-HD 150

At present, SONYFX 1E on the market is also the flagship product in civil HD.

It is certainly unreasonable to say that some of the civilian flagships are "professional" or even "broadcast", because the broadcast level is not enjoyed by the working people of the proletariat. What do they mean? B style='color: black; Background color: # 99ff99'> Qiang tie? Are you alone? B style='color: black; Background color: # 99ff99'> professional machine ",but they omitted it, which made many people confused. But machines like Panasonic AG-DVC 180A have a sense of manual operation, and there are many choices such as movie mode. (The movie mode is not a real 24P movie mode. After shooting 25P, it is actually 24P. JVC's 10 1E is the real 24p. ) The lens quality, volume and appearance are also very professional.