How many equestrian events are there in the Olympic Games?

1, Tuqi

Also known as dressage competition. In the competition, horses and riders should complete a series of required and optional movements on a 60-meter-long and 20-meter-wide field within 12 minutes. According to the skill and artistic level of the rider, such as posture, expression, difficulty, etc. The person with the highest score ranks first. Individual figure riding was listed as an Olympic event in 19 12, and team riding was listed as an Olympic event in 1928.

2. Three-day competition

Also known as comprehensive all-around equestrian events. The rider participated in three consecutive races in three days, the first day of figure riding, the second day of cross-country race and the third day of obstacle course. The rating adopts three total scores. Divided into individual and team events, 19 12 is listed as an Olympic event.

3. steeplechase

The site is at least 2,500 square meters, with more than ten obstacles, and the height is 1.40 ~ 1.70 meters. Athletes must jump over all obstacles according to the prescribed route and order. Points will be deducted if the time exceeds the specified time, the horse refuses to jump, and the athlete falls off the horse. Deduction points are negative, the best score is zero, and those with less points are ranked first. There are two events in the Olympic Games: individuals (included in 1900) and groups (included in 19 12).

Second, the project details

1, dressage:

Dressage is described as a ballet performance of horses. Participants compete for three rounds on a 60x20 field, and demonstrate the coordination, flexibility and tameness of the horse and the jockey through the specified actions of the horse, such as marching, scurrying and jogging within the specified time, giving the referee and the audience the impression that the horse has completely completed the action by its own will.

The first round of competition will be held in two days, and the ranking of dressage team competition and the first batch of 25 places to enter the second round will be decided. The difficulty of the second round increased and the time was shortened, which led to 15 riders and horses entering the third round. The third round is optional movements, in which jockeys and horses can make various movements with music, and the final ranking is determined by the skills of jockeys and horses and the artistic expression of horses.

★ International Horse Federation [[F.E.I.]] dressage competition classification project

1 Challenge Youth Group

(world dressage challenge children's competition)

2 challenge test b

Novice class

(Class B novice in the World Dressage Challenge)

3 challenge test a

first-rate

(world dressage challenge advanced competition)

No.4 St. George class

(St George's Grand Prix)

5 the first intermediate

(Intermediate 1)

6 second intermediate level

(Intermediate 2)

Seven grand prix

(Grand Prix)

Eight special grand prix

(Grand Prix Special)

9 Music Free Deduction Grand Prix

(Grand Prix freestyle music)

The levels of the Olympic Games are Grand Prix, Special Grand Prix and Music Free Interpretation Grand Prix. At present, the highest level dressage competition in China is St. George's level.

★ Equestrian Rules of International Racecourse Equestrian Action Standard-Standing

1. When standing, the horse should stand intently, completely and motionless. The weight is evenly distributed on the limbs, and the front and rear limbs are paired together. The neck is raised, the back of the neck is high, and the horse's head is slightly in front of the vertical line to maintain the posture of' bit', and keep slight and soft contact with the rider's hand, quietly bite the bit, and be ready to act immediately according to the slightest instruction of the rider at any time.

2. Standing is to rely on the rider to moderately strengthen the operation of riding and feet, so that the weight of the horse moves to the hindquarters and drives the horse to move to the rider's soft and closed hands, thus stopping at the predetermined position almost instantaneously rather than suddenly. Standing must be accomplished through a series of half subtraction (reference shift).

2. steeplechase:

The obstacle course tests the accuracy of the horse's speed and movements, and requires the horse to cross obstacles such as 12- 15 pool, simulated stone wall and crossbar in turn within the specified time. Each obstacle is not higher than 1.6m, and points will be deducted for crossing obstacles, refusing to cross, falling, wrong sequence or overtime. After jumping all the required obstacles, you must cross the finish line before the result of the race is valid. In the end, the side with fewer penalty points and faster time wins.

The steeplechase is divided into three days. On the first day, 75 athletes and horses competed in individual qualifying. The next day's competition was divided into two rounds, resulting in the ranking of the team obstacle course and the players who entered the individual finals. In the first round 15 Association, at most 4 athletes and at least 3 horses participated in the team competition, and in addition 15 athletes and horses participated in the individual competition. In the second round, the team entered the team finals through the 10 team in the first round, and the other 35 people in the first round held individual competitions. The third day is also divided into two rounds. In the first round, 20 short-listed horses were produced from 45 jockeys and horses who broke through the next day. The individual steeplechase gold medal was decided in the second round.

★ Matters needing attention of referees in equestrian events with obstacles

The organization of equestrian events is a complex and systematic team work, which needs to coordinate all referees and staff in all links at the same time, so the service personnel of the events should have good professional quality and knowledge. Especially the referees in the venues will face all kinds of unexpected situations at any time. Therefore, according to the past experience, in order to better hold the venue obstacle equestrian events in the future, this "Notes for Venue Obstacle Referees" is specially compiled for equestrian enthusiasts and event volunteers for the reference of venue amateur referees.

A basic rule

Route: Each obstacle course will give the venue referee a route map. The specific route of the whole competition and the height and width of each obstacle will be clearly listed on the road map. Before the game starts, every referee should know his position and work scope, and be familiar with the height and width of each obstacle and the distance between obstacles.

Obstacle sign number: All obstacle sign numbers should be placed in front of the right side of the obstacle.

Direction of travel: Red and white flags fixed above the outside of the obstacle course indicate the direction of the rider. The direction of the rider's obstacle crossing is: when facing the obstacle, the flag on the obstacle is: left white and right red. (Otherwise, the rider just bounces. Once the rider jumps over the obstacle, whether in the driving range or in the competition, the rider will be disqualified immediately. )

Time limit: The speeds used in international competitions are as follows:

At least 350 meters per minute and at most 400 meters, the speed can be reduced to 325 meters per minute in the indoor arena.

Obstacles: Generally, there are 12 obstacles and 15 jumps. Contains a double and a triple combination obstacle, or three double combination obstacles. The height of amateur obstacle can be set to 0.60- 1. 10 m; Professional player 1.40— 1.60m high. There must be two vertical obstacles to reach the highest height of this level.

Penalty standard: 4 points will be deducted for knocking off an obstacle bar. The one with the least penalty points wins. You will be punished for hitting an obstacle, refusing to jump, exceeding the time limit, etc. The winner of the competition is the player who gets the least punishment, the fastest route or the highest score according to the type of competition.

The playing field must be closed. During the race, all entrances and exits must be closed when the horse is on the field.

Once the competition begins, participants are forbidden to enter on foot. Unless approved by the jury, they will be disqualified. (Article 2465438 +0.2.65438 +0)

Crossing the obstacle in the opposite direction will disqualify the competition (Article 2465438 +0.2.8).

First, matters needing attention:

During the competition, venue referees should pay attention to the following basic issues in their work:

Half an hour before the start of the competition, it is necessary to check whether the obstacle facilities in the competition venues are complete and correctly placed, such as:

Whether the starting point and the ending point are in place, whether the red and white flags are in place and whether they are firm;

Whether the position of obstacle number is correct;

Whether the height and width of each obstacle meet the route standard requirements of this competition;

Whether the obstacle bar is placed correctly and meets the requirements (see FEI obstacle rules for details)

Be sure to confirm whether the competition equipment in the venue is complete before the competition. For example:

Referee: walkie-talkie, OK card;

Referee of starting point and ending point: red and white signal flag;

Referee: sand mop, spare obstacle rack, obstacle bar, cup rack and height measuring ruler;

Personal logistics work is ready. (For example, one bottle of drinking water per person)

Before the start of the 10 competition, the venue judges need to clarify the venue position and jurisdiction of each referee again.

4. In the competition, all referees should strictly abide by the principle of venue safety.

1) Referee's own safety:

Be familiar with the race route and don't stand in a position that will affect the rider's passing. Avoid affecting the game!

The referee's eyes and attention should always follow the rider. Avoid being hit!

If the horse refuses to jump, the rider will fall off the horse, the obstacle will collapse, and so on. , should be handled calmly. Don't run too fast, lest you frighten the horse. You should approach the horse calmly and quickly to protect the rider!

When restoring obstacles, pay attention to the safety of the surrounding environment, and don't be accidentally injured by horses or other referees who put obstacles on the field.

2) passenger safety:

For a rider who obviously shows hidden dangers (such as an amateur with insufficient horse control ability), the venue referee has the right to prevent the rider from entering the competition or terminate the ongoing competition.

If the rider falls off the horse, he must come forward to help the rider stabilize the horse and get the rider out of danger.

If a rider is really injured, remember not to move casually, but to move the injured rider's body to avoid unnecessary harm to the injured. When the venue referee has an emergency, he will notify the event rescue department and wait for the medical staff to carry out professional first aid treatment on the spot.

3) Safety of horses:

Pay attention to every entrance and exit around the venue, keep the venue closed, and avoid the horses from escaping and being injured after being frightened.

Pay attention to clean up hard objects (big stones, nails, broken bricks, etc.). ) Keep horses safe in the sand at any time!

Pay attention to remind the surrounding audience not to disturb the horses.

If there are obvious hidden dangers (such as loose or damaged leather, etc.). ) In the saddle of the participating horses, the rider should be reminded to make necessary adjustment and replacement.

4) the safety of the audience:

Remind spectators to keep a safe distance from off-site horses at all times.

Keep an eye on the photographers around the venue. Don't go into unsafe areas to shoot.

3. Three-day activities:

The three-day event is one of the official events of the Olympic Games, also known as "triathlon" or "comprehensive all-around equestrian competition", which aims to test the comprehensive ability of riders and horses.

The three-day race is divided into three days, and riders must ride the same horse. On the first day of dressage competition, it basically includes dance steps and stride postures. The rules of dressage competition are the same as individual dressage competition, but dressage in the three-day competition is much simpler than individual dressage competition. The next day, there will be a race of speed, endurance and cross-country ability, that is, cross-country race, which is divided into four sections. The rider must reach the finish line within the specified time, and rank according to the length of time used: 1 segment, 20 kilometers in the third segment, and the average speed of the rider is required to be 240 meters per minute; The second interval is the cross-country obstacle course, with the race duration of 3600-4200m, in which three fences are set every 1000m, and the average speed is required to be 600m per minute. The fourth section is the cross-country race, with the race duration of 8000m, in which four different obstacles are set every 1000m, and the average speed is required to be 450m per minute. According to the rider's fault penalty and overtime penalty, the total score of these four intervals is evaluated. On the third day, the venue obstacle course was held, which was basically the same as the individual event of the venue obstacle course, but to a lesser extent; Track obstacle course mainly tests the physical fitness and obedience of horses. There are 10 ~ 12 obstacles along the way, with an average speed of 400 meters per minute, one third of which must reach the highest limit, and there is also a ditch obstacle. The referee evaluates the results according to the rider's fault penalty and overtime penalty, and evaluates the ranking with three total results.

There are two events in the three-day Olympic Games: individual events and team events (both included in 19 12). The three-day event is the most difficult and test event for riders and horses in the Olympic equestrian competition. It is full of danger and excitement, and it is the most difficult event to win a gold medal in equestrian events in the Olympic Games.

The three-day competition is divided into three parts: dressage, obstacle course and cross-country race. A jockey must ride the same horse in three days. The first day is dressage competition; The next day's cross-country race, the jockey needs to ride 5700 meters to cross no more than 45 obstacles; The third day is the obstacle course. After three days of competition, the team, jockey and horse with the least penalty points will win the championship.

Germany is an old equestrian team. They won five consecutive championships in the dressage team competition at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. China athletes failed to qualify for the equestrian events in Athens Olympic Games.

Athens Olympic Games (6 events):

Steeplechase (2 events): individual and team events.

Dressage (2 events): individual and team events

Three-day competition (2 events): individual competition and team competition.

rules of a contest/competition

Individual obstacle course: The first stage is divided into three rounds, and the winner enters the final. The final is divided into two rounds. In the first round, 20 contestants were decided to enter the second round. In the two rounds, the one with the least points deducted wins. If there is a tie, there will be an extra round. If there is still a tie after overtime, the first person to arrive wins.

Team steeplechase (4 players per team): The competition is divided into two rounds, which are also used as the second and third rounds in individual competitions. The top three results of each team will determine the outcome. If there is a tie, there will be an extra round. If there is still a tie after the play-off, the first to arrive wins.

Dressage Team Competition (4 persons per team): Participants compete for the Grand Prix (required event). Five judges scored the players from the technical aspect of 10. Each team scores the scores of the top three players. The team with the highest score wins.

Individual dressage: 25 players before the team competition participate in the special event of the Grand Prix (the competition content is the same as that of the Grand Prix), and the competition time is short. The top 15 players decided in the first round entered the finals. The game is accompanied by music.

Individual three-day competition: the competition is divided into three parts, which are conducted in the following order within three days: dressage, cross-country endurance and obstacle course. In every part of the race, the contestants are required to ride the same horse. The one with the least penalty points wins.

Team three-day competition (four players in each team): the scores of the top three players in each team in the individual competition will be scored, and the team with the least points will win.