Axis detailed data collection

Axis is the axis in the construction drawing of architectural engineering, and it is an important basis for positioning and setting out. In order to clearly show the position of a certain part of the building and the relationship between the part and the whole. Take the center line of the main load-bearing components such as walls, columns, beams and roof trusses as the positioning axis, and number the axis. The axis is represented by a dotted line, and there is a circle at the end, and the number is represented in the circle. The horizontal direction is numbered with Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... from left to right; In the vertical direction, capitalized Chinese phonetic letters A, B, C, D, E, F… are numbered from bottom to top. The horizontal axis indicates the bay size; The vertical axis represents the depth dimension.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Axis essence: lens application field: architecture, machinery and other fields: lens classification field, photography, drawing, construction industry, material mechanics, axis and center line, rod, division principle of section and axis, common technical terms of axis, classification field photography In the lens scheduling of a scene, the range of camera position change and the shooting angle of adjacent lenses are limited by the axis. Otherwise, it will cause difficulties for later editing. When shooting people or things with strong directionality, there is often an imaginary axis, and the camera should be set on one side of the imaginary axis, that is, within 180, to ensure the correct processing of the direction of people or things in the picture. Drawing in a plan, the datum line for locating the main elements is also called the axis. Many shafts form a shaft network, and the shafts are named after the shaft number. The explanation of axis in Architectural Dictionary of Building Industry is as follows: "The juxtaposition of axis and center is one of the most basic morphological orders. It can be found that the shaft is suitable for various stages. For example, in the form of basilica-style church, the large space is unified because of the directionality of the axis and the movement effect; Another example is the planning of Tokyo, Ge Tan. The modeling of city scale is controlled by the axis of road formation, and so on. Because people can move on the axis, the actual effect is very different. " All kinds of axes in the environment are the application of axes in the field of environmental design. In our environmental design work, such as interior design, architectural design, urban design and garden design, various problems related to axis planning and design are often involved. Axis: the datum line of the main load-bearing objects of the building and the basic line of construction setting-out. Mechanics of Materials In mechanics of materials, the axis of a straight bar is a line connecting the centroids of all sections. Axis and centerline In plan view, the datum line for locating the main elements is also called axis. Many shafts form a shaft network, and the shafts are named after the shaft number. Center line: the line used to determine the center. A set of line segments representing the midpoint. In industrial drawing, a line is often drawn at the midpoint of an object to express its related information. The center line is also called the center line, and the commonly used interval points and short-term segments are connected into a line. Such a line shape is called a dotted line, which is a specific sign of the center line. The center line has its specific purpose in the drawing of machinery, architecture, water conservancy, municipal administration and other major professions, and can accurately locate objects. There is only one centerline in a drawing, but there can be multiple axes. Axis: generally refers to a straight line that divides a plane or solid into symmetrical parts; Refers to a straight line around which an object or a three-dimensional figure rotates or can imagine rotating. Also called the central axis, sometimes called the center line. So far, there is no strict definition of the section and axis of the bar, including the bar itself. On the premise of admitting that the current definition of bar is inaccurate, this paper tries to give a strict definition of bar section and axis. Formation of bar: Starting from any plane figure, this plane figure is the cross section of the bar to be formed, and then this plane figure moves, the space it passes through becomes the shape of the bar, and the centroid track of the plane figure becomes the axis of the bar during the movement. Classification of bars: if the shape and size of the plane figure remain unchanged during the movement, it is a bar with equal section; On the contrary, it is a variable cross-section bar. If the axis is always perpendicular to the plane figure, it is positive, otherwise it is eccentric. If the shaft is straight, it is a straight rod, otherwise it is a curved rod. According to this definition, a component will correspond to different sections and axes, and the corresponding component is unique after the sections and axes are determined. In order to keep consistent with the current view of section and axis, although a member can be composed of different sections and axes, the shortest axis can be used as the section and axis of the member. The axis division principle is 1, and the brick wall plane positioning axis (1) is the bearing external wall positioning axis; (2) Bearing inner wall positioning axis; (3) Non-bearing wall positioning axis; (4) Positioning axis of external wall with pilaster. 2. Plane positioning axis of brick wall at deformation joint (1): the positioning axis when one side of deformation joint is the wall and the other side is the pile; (2) Positioning axis of double-sided wall; (3) Double-wall positioning with connection size. 3. Position the axis of the wall at the boundary between the high floor and the low floor 4. Positioning axis of bottom frame structure 5. The vertical positioning axis of brick wall, commonly used technical term horizontal: refers to the width direction of the building. Longitudinal: refers to the length direction of the building. Transverse axis: an axis set parallel to the width direction of the building, which is used to determine the positions of transverse walls, columns, beams and foundations. Longitudinal axis: the axis set parallel to the length direction of the building, which is used to determine the position of longitudinal walls, columns, beams and foundations. Spacing: the distance between two adjacent transverse positioning axes. Depth: the distance between two adjacent longitudinal positioning axes. Story height: refers to the height between floors, that is, the height from ground to floor or from floor to floor. Clear height: refers to the clear height of the room, that is, the height from the ground to the lower skin of the ceiling. Equal to height minus floor thickness, floor thickness and ceiling height. Building height: refers to the total height from the outdoor terrace to the top of the cornice. Architectural orientation: the orientation of the longest facade and the main entrance of the building. Building area: refers to the product of building outsourcing area multiplied by the number of floors, which consists of usable area, traffic area and structural area. Usable area: refers to the net area of main and auxiliary rooms. Traffic area: refers to the net area of traffic facilities such as walkways, stairwells and corridors. Structural area: refers to the area occupied by walls and columns.