What is the best topic of the paper on book binding and how to write it?

We can write about the development of book binding at home and abroad and between different nationalities from a historical and cultural perspective.

First, the understanding and design ideas of the binding of classical literature books

The binding design of classical literature books needs to understand and refine the content of binding books. Although the thread-bound books in China's classical books look simple and casual, they are not casual, but have been carefully thought and designed, and they all contain profound cultural charm from color tone to material application. Modern binding design can achieve this effect because of the application of new technology and new materials. So, how can the binding design of classical books achieve this taste now? Pursuing classicism blindly will make the whole design lack modern aesthetic taste; The blind pursuit of modernity will make the binding of classical literature books lack the "charm" of classical literature, and will also deviate from the modern people's demand for the aesthetic feeling of binding of classical literature works. Today, when designing the book binding design of classical literature, we should fully absorb the essence of book binding design at home and abroad, so as to organically integrate the profound charm of China classical literature with modern aesthetic requirements. In the overall design, it not only retains the connotation and artistic conception of China's classical literary works, but also integrates modern people's aesthetic requirements for book binding. The unification of ancient and modern aesthetic binding methods is the need of contemporary China classical literature book binding design.

Since the emergence of human civilization, books, as a communication tool of mass media, have played an increasingly important role. Mankind has accumulated rich experience and wisdom in long-term practice, from the earliest unforgettable bamboo slips to modern printing technology and book binding, forming a special subject. A country's book binding level, the number of book varieties and the size of publishing circulation have become a sign to measure social progress and development. Book binding has gone through a long and tortuous road. With the development and progress of human civilization, from simple to complex, from simple book processing to today's artistic creation. Now, book binding is not only the binding of pages, but the second artistic creation of books by the binding designer, which is the crystallization of the thinking and wisdom of the binding artist. Today, book binding design has become a comprehensive art category, which is a comprehensive application of painting, photography, calligraphy, epigraphy and other art forms. It requires designers to have knowledge of literature, art, philosophy, history, science and technology, and have high literary accomplishment and good aesthetic taste. In today's highly developed market economy, book binding design should be commercialized. Books placed on the bookshelf should not only have the function of attracting readers, but also have the function of exhibition. Therefore, while having appreciation value, readers should be encouraged to study.

Secondly, several forms of China ancient book binding and its evolution.

1, string in series

The publication of books in China has a long history, and the binding forms of books are constantly evolving with the development of book production technology and materials used.

It is generally believed that the earliest books in China are tortoise shells or animal bones engraved with words in Shang Dynasty, which has been more than 3,000 years. At that time, in order to facilitate the preservation, several pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions related to the content were connected in series with ropes, which was the binding form of early books.

From the late Shang Dynasty, bronze inscriptions appeared, and rulers cast important documents on bronze wares. Especially in the Western Zhou Dynasty, inscriptions can accommodate more characters. Mao's inscription in the Western Zhou Dynasty reached 500 words. Because people often regard this inscription on ancient bronzes as one of the ancient "original books", most book historians think it is also a form of ancient book binding.

2. Bamboo slips

Before the invention of paper, bamboo slips were the most representative form of books. According to the length of the article, it can arbitrarily determine the number of abbreviations, one short book and one line, and finally string them together with two ropes and wrap them up for preservation. There are also two kinds of reeds and silk, which are sewn into bags by tasters. Bamboo slips originated in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and continued to be used in the 4th century. Bamboo slips are not only made of bamboo, but also called wooden slips by people who use wood. Yuzhu bamboo slips

There are also wooden slips in parallel, which are made into rectangular pieces of wood and used to write short articles.

3. Silk script

Silk book is a kind of book form slightly later than bamboo slips. Written on silk fabrics, its binding form is to sew the edges and store them in rolls. Because the materials are expensive, they are mostly used by rulers to write official documents or draw pictures, and ordinary books are rarely used.

4. Stone Sutra (Stone Tablet)

The Book of Songs is also a form of ancient books. The most representative is the Stone Story of Xiping, which was carved in the fourth year of Xiping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 175). The seven Confucian classics were carved on 46 stone tablets, with a total word count of more than 200,000 words. It stands in front of Luoyang Imperial College for people to read, copy and correct, and its function exceeds that of ordinary books. Its shape is double-sided lettering, the vertical lines of characters are neat, and the plaques are arranged in a U shape. Others, such as the Buddhist scriptures of Yunju Temple in Fangshan, were carved in the Sui Dynasty, which was later than the stone carvings in Xiping, but it had great influence and high value.

5. rubbings (scrolls)

After the invention of paper, a form of rubbing appeared. You can copy all kinds of stone inscriptions on paper, and it is easy to save and read after being mounted into a roll. Later, this method was applied to bronze inscriptions and rubbings of Wen Tao. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty, various rubbings are an important category in court books.

Paper was invented in the second century BC; Since the second century, paper has been widely used for writing. In the second century, the use of paper became more common and became the main material of book carrier. Many changes have taken place in the binding form of paper books. The earliest books were written in the form of simple raiders and silk books, that is, scroll loading. In the early Tang Dynasty, another kind of whirlwind clothing appeared on the basis of scroll clothing. In the past, there were different views on the shape of cyclone clothing because there were only records that had not seen the real thing. In the Song Dynasty, Zhang Bangji called this kind of binding "flying page by page, spreading to the end, and still merging into a volume"; In the Qing Dynasty, Ye Dehui called it "the product of scales". Some people think that the warp folded clothes are connected end to end, which is the whirlwind clothes. Later, I found Tang Yun's manuscripts in the Tang Dynasty. The written pages were staggered from page to page and pasted on the bottom paper of the scroll. When I read it, I opened it and turned it page by page. After reading it, it is still rolled into a shaft, and its appearance is the same as that of a scroll, which proves that the first two statements are correct.

6. Admiration, whirlwind clothing, butterfly clothing (book binding in the early stage of printing and Liao and Jin Dynasties)

Origami originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Its shape is that the written pages are pasted together in sequence, folded one by one, and then sealed before and after.

Before the invention of printing, there were only the above forms of book binding. After the invention of printing, scroll packaging and warp folding packaging are still in use, but there are still new developments in the use of materials, the size of the format and the decoration technology. Moreover, with the development of printing technology, new book binding forms are constantly emerging, including butterfly binding, Bao Beizhuang binding, line binding and so on.

The invention of printing marks that the publication of books has entered a new era. Due to the change of production mode, books can be produced in large quantities quickly, so that more people have the opportunity to read; The increasing demand for books has promoted the prosperity and development of the publishing and printing industry. Publishers pay more and more attention to the binding form of books, which embodies the complete art of ancient book binding from the choice of layout, the size of the core, font lines, binding form and the materials used in the cover.

Printing was invented in the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties. The earliest printed matter in existence is the Pure and Bright Dharani Sutra carved around 704 AD and the Diamond Sutra discovered in Dunhuang. In 868 AD, they were all scrolls. Therefore, reel binding is the most commonly used binding form in early printing. The earliest printed encyclopaedia is Tang Yun, and its binding form may be whirlwind, which was printed in the late Tang Dynasty.

From the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, printing was not popular. Only Xi 'an, Sichuan, Huainan, Bianjing and wuyue recorded printing. It was not until the Song Dynasty that the publishing and printing industry gradually became popular. Government printing, folk printing, school printing and temple printing all developed, and the area for printing books was wider. At the same time, the publishing and printing industry appeared in Beijing. In the past, most of the books printed in Beijing in Liao Dynasty were only records, but few were handed down in kind. For example, in the fifteenth year of Liao Dynasty (AD 997), the "Longdong Hand Mirror" compiled by Yan Jing monk and Walker was the year of dry communication.

111110 printed medical books "Time Behind" and "Hundred Prescriptions", as well as a huge collection of Buddhist scriptures printed in Liao Dynasty. 1974, a batch of Liao dynasty prints were found on the chest of the Buddha statue on the fourth floor of the wooden pagoda in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, most of which were carved by Beijing. Among them, the earliest date of engraving is the "Original Scripture" printed by Yang Jia in Yangshan Temple in Yanjing in eight years (AD 990), and the latest is the Tianqing Year (AD 1 108). Other books include The Khitan Collection and 47 inscriptions and postscript books in Liao Dynasty, 8 inscriptions and postscript books in Liao Dynasty, and 6 painted Buddha statues, with the engraving date of 990 ~11. From these printed inscriptions, we also know a number of engraving units in Nanjing, Liaoning Province (now Beijing), including "Yangjia in front of Yangshan Temple in Yanjing", "Xianzhongfang in Tanzhou Street in Yanjing lives in Fengjia in the south cheek", "Fuhui married downstairs in Dawu Temple", "Benjamin Loyalty Temple in Yanjing" and "Shengjiou Temple in Yanjing". It can be seen that the printing industry in Beijing in Liao Dynasty was very prosperous.

The earliest prints in the Northern Song Dynasty were Shangshu and Classic Interpretation in the fifth year of Kaibao (972 AD), while Kaibao was printed in the fourth noon of Kaibao from 97 1 AD to the eighth year of Taiping Xingguo (983 AD). The earliest printed books in Beijing were only 18 years later than the Northern Song Dynasty, which shows that Beijing has a very long history of publishing and printing.