The emergence and development of machine vision

Machine vision originated in 1950s. Gilson put forward the concept of "optical flow" and developed a pixel-by-pixel calculation model based on the related statistical model, which marked the development of 2D image statistical model.

1960, American scholar Roberts put forward the idea of extracting three-dimensional structures from 2D images, which attracted the attention of institutions such as MIT artificial intelligence laboratory and marked the beginning of the research on three-dimensional machine vision.

In the mid-1970s, the course of "machine vision" was officially opened in the artificial intelligence laboratory of MIT, and researchers began to study the related topics of "objects and vision".

In 1978, David Marr initiated a "bottom-up" method to capture images of objects through computer vision. This method starts with 2D outline sketch and gradually completes the capture of 3D images, which marks a major breakthrough in machine vision research.

Since 1980s, machine vision has set off a worldwide research upsurge. The iterative updating of methods and theories, the emergence of OCR and smart cameras have gradually triggered the wider spread and application of machine vision related technologies. In the early 1990s, a vision company was established to develop image processing products. Then, machine vision related technologies were continuously put into the manufacturing process, which made the field of machine vision expand rapidly. Hundreds of enterprises began to sell machine vision systems in large quantities, and a complete machine vision industry gradually formed. At this stage, the rapid development of LED lights, sensors and control structures further accelerated the progress of the machine vision industry and gradually reduced the production cost of the industry.

Since 2000, higher-speed 3D vision scanning system and thermal imaging system have gradually come out, and the software and hardware products of machine vision have been popularized in all stages of manufacturing industry, and their application fields have been expanding. At present, machine vision, as the bottom industry of artificial intelligence, electronics, automobiles and other industries, is still in the stage of rapid development and has a good development prospect.

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