How many degrees can the match head reach at the moment of burning? Great gods, help!

How high is the temperature of the match flame? A: A few hundred to 1400 degrees! Rub the side of the matchbox with the head of the matchbox, and the red phosphorus on the box will peel off a little and stick to the head of the matchbox. When this red phosphorus burns due to the friction heat generated by friction, the sulfur mixed with the matchhead will also burn, so it will catch fire. Objects burn at different temperatures. The temperature at which combustion begins is called "ignition point", the ignition point of paper is 450 degrees, and the ignition point of wood is about 400 ~ 470 degrees. The red phosphorus used for matches has a very low ignition point, only about 260 degrees. The temperature generated by friction is enough to make red phosphorus burn. Although the initial temperature of combustion is very low, the temperature after the match is ignited is as high as 2500 degrees in an instant! Using the violent redox reaction of some substances to produce high temperature, ignite the burning kindling tool. It consists of a cartridge (ignition medium) and a matchstick (combustion medium). The explosive head mainly contains oxidant and reductant. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China (420 ~ 589), the "yin fire" could be easily changed into "yang fire" by dipping a stick in sulfur and using kindling or flint. This can be regarded as the most primitive collocation. 1669 extraction of yellow phosphorus by H. Brand in Germany. People take advantage of the easy oxidation and ignition of yellow phosphorus, dip one end of a small stick in sulfur, and then dip it in yellow phosphorus to glow. 1805, the Frenchman chancelle glued potassium chlorate and sugar to a stick with gum, dipped it in sulfuric acid and it was on fire. These are the rudiments of modern competitions. 1826, Englishman J. Walker glued potassium chlorate and antimony trisulfide to the end of a small stick with gum as the medicine head and put it in a box with sandpaper on the side of the box. Holding a small stick, scraping the medicine head on sandpaper can ignite and burn. This is the earliest collocation with practical value. 183 1 year, the Frenchman C. Soria mixed yellow phosphorus into the medicine head to replace antimony trioxide to make yellow phosphorus matches. Although this kind of match is easy to use, it is too sensitive to ignite and is easy to cause fire. Moreover, in the process of manufacture and use, yellow phosphorus is highly toxic, which seriously harms people's health. 1845 red phosphorus (also known as red phosphorus) was developed by Austrian A. Schrodter, which is an allotrope of yellow phosphorus with stable performance and no toxicity. 1855, Swedish J.E. Lundstrom invented a new type of match, in which a mixture of potassium chlorate and sulfur was stuck on the matchstick, and red phosphorus was coated on the side of the matchbox. When in use, the match head can be lit by lightly scratching on the phosphorus layer. Because of the separation of strong oxidant and strong reductant, the safety of production and use is greatly enhanced, which is called safety match and is widely used. 1898, French H. Sevene and E. D. Caen used phosphorus trisulfide instead of yellow phosphorus to make matches, which were called phosphorus sulfide matches. This kind of matches, like yellow phosphorus matches, have no toxicity of yellow phosphorus and can be rubbed everywhere, but they are still not as safe as safety matches. The match industry originated in Europe. 1833, the world's first match factory was established in beria, Kalma, Sweden. 1865, matches were imported into China, then called "foreign matches" or "spontaneous matches". The first match factory in China was Qiao Ming Match Factory founded by Wei Shengxuan in Foshan County, Guangdong Province on 1879. By 1900, there are 19 match factories in China. 192 1 year, Liu hongsheng set up hongsheng match factory in Suzhou, improved match formula and production management, and produced "beautiful" brand matches with high quality and low price. Liu Hongsheng founded Shanghai Greater China Match Company on 1930. After 1949, China's match production gradually realized mechanization and semi-automation. 1967 The first automatic match continuous machine was successfully trial-produced. 1982, the first continuous production line in China was built in Jinan Match Factory. Ignition principle Matches can be divided into friction matches (also known as phosphorus sulfide matches) and safety matches, and their ignition principles are different. The main components of friction matching cartridge are potassium chlorate and phosphorus trisulfide. The heat generated by friction on the rough surface is enough to make the two substances react chemically and get angry. Sulfur is used to replace phosphorus trisulfide in the safety match head. The general friction heat is not enough to make the drug head react. Only when the phosphorus layer on the side of the matchbox is scratched, the friction heat first causes the phosphorus to react with potassium chlorate, releasing more heat energy, prompting the chemicals in the cartridge to react and get angry. The reaction process is as follows: 2kclo+3s —→ 2kcl+3so+1137kj. The chemical reaction is too violent and the ignition is too violent, which is not conducive to use. In order to control the ignition speed, it is necessary to add some fillers such as quartz powder to the powder head to make the hair ignition moderate and stable. In addition, potassium dichromate and pigment are added to improve moisture resistance and appearance. Such as starch, shellac, etc. Instead of sulfur, some spices are added to make sulfur-free aromatic matches, which will not produce irritating gas when burning and give off fragrance, making people feel comfortable. Classification Matches can be divided into two categories: daily matches (ordinary matches) and special matches according to their uses and the composition of drug heads. According to the packaging shape and raw materials used, there are three kinds of daily matches: wooden stick matches, wax paper stick matches and book matches. Wooden match: Matchsticks with a square cross-section are made of cork, the ends of which are coated with paraffin wax and paste. After drying, they are put into a small box made of sawdust or cardboard, and the side of the box is coated with phosphorus. For the most common matches. Wax paper stalk match: referred to as wax stalk match. Soak the tissue paper in melted paraffin, then squeeze it into a long rod with a round or square cross section, and then cut it into match sticks. Suitable for areas lacking wood. Because of the large wax content in the stem, the ignition performance is good, and the burning time is 2 ~ 3 times longer than that of the wooden stem with the same specification, so it is suitable for outdoor work environments such as navigation, fishing and hunting, and exploration. However, paraffin wax is easy to soften at higher temperature, which reduces the hardness of branches and affects the use, so it is not suitable for tropical areas. Book match: named for its flat and thin packaging and book-like appearance. Its branches are die-cut from sawdust or cardboard, and every 10 or 15 branches form a group, one end of which is connected with the base in a comb shape, and one end of the stem tip is coated with paraffin wax and medicinal slurry. After the matches are made, they are bound into a book with a cardboard cover. The phosphorus layer is coated on the cover binding. When in use, tear off and scratch one by one. This kind of match is beautiful in appearance and easy to carry. Special matches adopt special medicine head formula to produce different special functions. There are mainly the following five kinds: wind-resistant and waterproof matches: the tip contains about 15% more oxidant than ordinary matches, which has strong ignition performance; The surface is covered with a moisture-proof film to prevent moisture; The head is thick and long, about 5 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length. After rubbing, it burns at a speed of 4 ~ 6 mm per second, which can burn evenly for 5 ~ 7 seconds. This feature makes it resistant to strong winds and heavy rains, and is suitable for field workers such as geology, hydrology, meteorology, navigation, fishing and hunting. High temperature collocation: the drug head is divided into two layers: inside and outside. The inner layer is a medicinal material of windproof and waterproof matches; The outer layer is made of ferroferric oxide, aluminum, magnesium powder and other raw materials, and bonded with nitrocellulose solution. The size and specifications are similar to those of wind-resistant and waterproof matches. When burning, it can produce high temperature above 1200℃, which can be used to ignite welding agent, so it is also called welding match. Signal matching: also known as signal tube. The cylinder is 2.5 ~ 3cm in diameter and16 ~ 38cm in length. The phosphorus layer is coated on the end of the cylinder head. When strontium nitrate or barium nitrate, basic copper carbonate and other substances are mixed into medicinal materials, they can emit continuous flames of different colors, such as red, blue and white, and the illumination can reach 80-800 candlelight, which can be used for signal communication of railway vehicles or ships sailing at night. Repeated burning of matches: it can be ignited repeatedly and burned many times. This kind of match is made of chemical substances such as potassium chlorate, sulfur, cellulose diacetate, paraformaldehyde, filler, etc., mixed with acetone, and pressed into a rod-shaped match with a diameter of 2 ~ 5 mm, which is called a match core (there is no difference between a matchstick and a medicine head). It can be ignited by scratching on the phosphorus layer. Due to the flame retardant effect of diacetate fiber, the burning of ignition substance is controlled, so that the whole match will not burn once, and the purpose of multiple use is achieved. Matches that can be repeatedly rubbed and burned for more than 600 times have been developed. Photosensitive match: it glows when burning, and can make photographic film sensitive after illuminating the object. Can be used to take pictures instead of flash.