How to correctly understand the importance of radiation protection?

From the discovery of X-ray to the present, X-ray examination has played a full role in the medical field, showing its superiority and being recognized by the majority of medical staff and patients. The application of radiation technology has its particularity. While benefiting mankind, if we do not pay attention to protection, it may also cause radiation damage to people. From ordinary X-rays to today's CR, DR, DSA, CT and MR, although medical imaging equipment is increasingly sophisticated, most of them are digital imaging, but X-ray protection can not be ignored. After the human body is irradiated by rays, it absorbs the energy of rays, and its molecules or atoms are rapidly ionized and excited. Then it causes changes in the structure and properties of biomolecules, and the damage at the molecular level further causes damage at the cell level, organ level and overall level, thus causing a series of biological effects. Radiation dose is the main factor affecting the biological effects of radiation. The larger the general dose, the more serious the biological effect. Even within the allowable safe dose range, individual sensitive organisms can react, which can also lead to tissue and organ damage and physiological dysfunction.

Because X-ray radiation can cause damage to many parts of the human body, it requires us to pay attention to X-ray protection while doing X-ray work. Abide by the basic principles of radiation protection and minimize radiation hazards.

The following measures should be taken for X-ray protection of radiation workers: shortening the exposure time, that is, time protection. Avoid staying in the ionizing radiation field unnecessarily unless it is necessary for work. Require staff to operate skillfully and quickly, and have solid basic skills; Increasing the distance between human body and radiation source is called distance protection. The dose rate of human body irradiation decreases with the increase of distance from the source. There are many ways to increase the distance between the human body and the radiation source, such as keeping the control room and operation desk away from the radiation source and using long-handled instruments for remote operation. Use protective facilities and wear personal protective clothing reasonably. Try to take pictures in different rooms when taking pictures, and the lead screen should avoid radiation exposure.

Wear lead rubber protective clothing when taking pictures of infants and young children, and must be beside the machine. Do not put your bare hands into the useful wire harness during chest X-ray and gastrointestinal examination. Adhere to personal dose monitoring, so that the irradiated dose is controlled within the prescribed dose limit. X-ray workers should wear X-ray personal dose tablets or thermoluminescence dosimeters to know the actual dose in time; Prevent the occurrence of potential radiation; For pregnant female X-ray workers, they should be transferred from their posts or engaged in other jobs that are not exposed to X-rays, so as not to cause unnecessary harm to the fetus. Secondly, the protection of the subject can not be ignored. For medical diagnostic X-ray examination, the relevant data of previous examination should be considered to avoid unnecessary additional examination. Unless there are sufficient clinical reasons for X-ray diagnosis, it is necessary to avoid abdominal or pelvic radiation diagnosis for pregnant women or pregnant women. Attention must be paid to shielding the non-irradiated parts of the subject, especially to protecting the radiation-sensitive parts such as gonad, active bone marrow, female breast, fetus and epiphysis of children. Waiters and escorts should wait outside and are not allowed to enter the unshielded computer room.

In a word, in X-ray inspection, the staff should fulfill their duties, constantly improve their professional level, strengthen their awareness of protection, and attach importance to the publicity and implementation of protection work, so as to better protect the health of the staff and the subjects, and make the application of X-ray technology better promote the development of the national economy and improve people's quality of life.

Source: official website, Kangningda, Hunan.