Ask for the name of a movie cartoon! 1983- 1993.

Original name: Ten Kuu no Shiro Rapyuta.

Chinese Name: City of the Sky

English name: Laputa: castle in the air

Production: Dejian Bookstore

Original: script. Supervision/Miyazaki Hayao

Film production: singing

Music: Joe Hisaishi

Director of painting: Danish

Shu Mei: Toshiro Nozaki? Yamamoto Eelsen

Color design: the history of An Tian Taoism

Music: Mayumi Tanaka, Keiko Yokozawa, Kotoe Hatsui, Minori Terada

Lyrics: Takashi Matsumoto, composer: Kyohei Tsutsumi, song: Yoko Gutian.

Original paintings: Seiko of Shinohara, Masaaki Endoh, Makiko Futaki, Noriko Sakai, Naoko Waichuan, Otani of Tomoko, Shinji Kobayashi, Bos Kawasaki, Kitaro Kosaka, Nobuyoshi Otsuka, Kawaguchi of Toshi Utsumi, Katsumoto Kondo, Keibo Nokura, Osamu Nabeshima, Akira Jiangcun and Nobuyoshi Uenaga.

Animated painting "チェック": Straight tree, straight tree, vertical child.

Background: Shimonoseki Mumei/Muxia He Hong, Masaki Yoshizaki, Hisamura Yoshimura, Kimyou Kumiko Iijima, Kiyomi Ota and Yamako Ishikawa.

Length: 124 minutes

Premiere:1August 2, 986

Honor:

Excellent films of Ministry of Culture

No.41Return (1986) Daily Film Award Nobur? ?fuji Prize.

1986 (back to 15) Pia Ten animation department ranking 1.

Osaka Film Festival ranks 1 among Japanese films.

Japan Animation Renaissance Special Award (Gao Wei? Miyazaki Hayao)

Animation art Japanese film ranking 1.

1986 The 8th Japanese film/The reader chose the 2nd Japanese film.

The 4th Japan Animation Japan Animation Award Best Award of Fine Arts Department

Best Comics in the 9th Animation Magazine

Specially recommended by the Central Child Welfare Review Conference

Selected by the Animation Department of the Multimedia Art Exhibition of the Ministry of Culture "Selected Japanese Multimedia Art 100".

Yokohama Film Festival ranked 8 th among the best 10 films of the year.

Brief introduction of animation story

Laputa-Castle in the Air, a flying stone, is Studio Ghibli's pioneering work. 1986 works.

The City in the Sky is Gulliver's Travels, a novel written by jonathan swift in Miyazaki Hayao. Some people think that its story is traditional, but this does not mean that it is not original. On the contrary, the play City in the Sky is full of many new elements. This film almost perfectly depicts the world landscape when the story happened, which is a little sci-fi, a little myth, and a little industrial revolution in Europe, such as old trains on elevated tracks, dark mines, flying ships, robots like clay sculptures and so on. ...

The tense plot runs through the whole movie, but the blue sky and thick white clouds make the sharp conflict more intriguing; The performance of characters often depends not on lines, but on the specific actions of characters, which makes them more profound.

SHEETA, a little girl, is descended from the legendary "Lapda" royal family. It used to be an aerial civilization that surpassed the above-ground civilization for thousands of years, but somehow, Shu Da's ancestors left the "city of the sky", abandoned the developed technology and lived a secluded life on the ground. However, one day, several unidentified men appeared at her door. ...

The story begins when flying boat, where Hida was riding, was attacked by pirates in the air. In the struggle, Hida fell from a flying boat at an altitude of 10,000 meters ... PASU, another hero of the story, was an apprentice of a miner pilot. When he got off work that day, he found a shiny thing falling slowly in the sky. What is this? UFO？ He flew over and found a lovely girl floating down from the sky surrounded by blue light. ...

The next day, Hida woke up in Bath's room and found a photo of Lapda, the city of the sky. This is the real sky city filmed by Bath's father at the risk of his life, but no one believes him except Swift. So my father died of depression. Bass vowed to prove to others that there really is a city of the sky in the world!

However, pirates with a keen sense of smell soon found you. Then there was a dazzling chase scene. Finally, the two men fell into a deep mine in full view, and the flying stones of Hidadai shone again, making them fall safely. In the mine, flying rocks and underground ore are ringing. This used to be the place where raw materials of flying stones were mined, but the technology of extracting flying stones is said to be in Lapda's hands.

As soon as they got out of the mine, they were caught by the army. Hida was taken to the fortress, and a man named Musca showed Hida a huge robot, saying that it fell from the city of the sky and could not be restarted with the technology at that time. That night, Hida read the help spell circulated by her ancestors, and the flying stones shone, bringing the robot back to life and turning the whole fortress into a sea of fire.

Bass took advantage of the chaos to form an alliance with pirates and flew into the fortress to rescue Hida. In desperation, Hida lost the flying stone, and Musca got the gem, and ordered the army to fly to the city of the sky under the guidance of the holy light on the gem. On the other hand, the pirate mother calculated the location of the city of the sky from Hida's account, and took Hida and the two of them to take the pirate airship at full speed!

When we were about to arrive, a tornado suddenly appeared in front of us, and we met Musca's ships in a narrow way. During the battle, Buzz and Hida's glider were involved in a tornado.

This is a land abandoned by God. The horror of nature and the anger of the gods gather here, flying over the thick darkness, passing through the corridor of lightning in the roaring lightning, breaking through the boundary between life and death, and the door of fate opens again in front of teenagers ... The center of the tornado is the legendary bird "Laputa, the city of the sky"! This is a quiet paradise, only robots are on duty in the sky, and plants and ancient creatures are home.

In Miyazaki Hayao's works, the best technology is that no one lives there, whether it is Conan's Future World or Sky City. On the contrary, the only people struggling for survival in Valley of the Wind are ancient science and technology, but they are the owners of machines, and so are the Snitch in City of the Sky.

Musca caught the pirates and came to Lapda. He forced Hida to enter the central control room with him, started writing on the black stone tablet, and was about to start his ambition to dominate the world. Hida got the flying stone back. In order to stop Musca, she and Buzz read a curse to destroy everything: Barros. Laputa disintegrated, the evil weapon system assimilated into a fireball and fell into the sea in the atmosphere, while the huge flying stone crystal that made Laputa float in the air carried Laputa's tree of life to the end of the sky. ...

The City in the Sky is Studio Ghibli's pioneering work and Miyazaki Hayao's masterpiece. Miyazaki Hayao has four important tasks: original work, producer, script and role setting, which makes this work infused with pure Miyazaki Hayao ideas from beginning to end. Miyazaki Hayao's music partner Joe Hisaishi reached the peak of his music career at this time.

1, the confusion of civilization

-Air City Analysis

There was a myth in ancient Greece: there was a giant who was the son of the earth. Mother Earth has given him infinite strength, and no one can beat him. But once, his opponent lured him to fight in the air, and the giant whose feet left the earth could no longer get strength from his mother, and was finally defeated and killed. Without the embrace of mother earth, a giant with great courage will become vulnerable. The ancestors of ancient Greece probably didn't expect that the human civilization, which was still like a baby in their time, would grow into a modern society like a giant today, but they predicted that this advice would be left to future generations through myth. But after being forgotten by human beings for thousands of years, an oriental listened to it attentively in this noisy world and interpreted it to the world in his unique way, which is more powerful than fairy tales —— animated movie master, famous Japanese director Miyazaki Hayao and their works.

Plot setting

Looking at all the animated films in Miyazaki Hayao, it is not difficult to find that "flying" is its eternal theme. In this film, he even moved the stage to a "castle in the air"-Lapda, the city of the sky. This is an aerial city with the flying stone of anti-gravity device as the suspension power. Miyazaki Hayao, who is full of strong social consciousness and humanistic care, tries to insinuate the existing drawbacks of human civilization by asking the root of the loss of civilization and explore the philosophical proposition of how civilization survives and develops. All this is reflected by the rise and fall of Laputa, a fictional city in the sky.

In the film, Lapda is an abandoned city. People can only imagine its prosperity through huge flying stones, countless robots and mountains of treasures. Obviously, Miyazaki Hayao has no intention to introduce the emergence and development of Laputa civilization to the audience. He just used the ultimate destruction of this once extremely prosperous civilization to strongly shock and impact the hearts of every audience, thus questioning all sentient beings in modern society and finally thinking about the realistic problem of where human civilization should develop.

Of course, Miyazaki Hayao will not superficially attribute the civilization of Laputa, the city of the sky, to the enlightenment of alien civilization or the gift of mysterious power, as some so-called science fiction films do. He showed the audience the evolution of this mysterious civilization in a simple and orderly manner with paintings in titles that the audience usually didn't pay much attention to. The time was just a few tens of seconds:

The goddess of the wind smiled and looked down at the earth. She blew a breeze gently, which dispelled the fog and the ignorance of Laputa people. So, on the endless grassland, Lapdaren set up the first crude windmill. Then windmills evolved, with towering towers as trunks and countless gears and levers as limbs. Then, Lapda's mining machine continued to dig deep underground. On the ground, the green grassland disappeared and was replaced by huge factories and chimneys that kept emitting smoke. At the same time, Laputa people did not stop marching into the sky. From a simple airship to a flying fleet equipped with advanced power sources; From an "aircraft carrier" that can be slowly lifted off by countless propellers to an air city that can be suspended in the clouds with only one large propeller at the bottom; Until Laputa, the sky city equipped with anti-gravity devices and flying stones. And these earth-shaking changes are only insignificant moments in the eyes of the goddess of the wind. Next, accompanied by dark clouds and lightning, a huge plane floated down from the city of the sky. From there, people came out in droves and threw themselves into the embrace of the earth. The goddess of the wind still pays attention to all this with a smile, and still caresses the earth with gentle wind. In the last picture, on the endless green grassland, a simple windmill appeared again, and next to it stood a little girl with a bamboo basket-Hida. The gentle wind slowly tugged at the windmill and gently danced Hida's dress. Everything is like a quiet, peaceful and natural copper coin. Open this beautiful title page and the story of ups and downs will begin at once. The suspense left for the audience in the topic is slowly solved.

The whole film tells the adventures of the heroine Sida and Bath, as well as the pirates, the army, Musca and other three forces looking for Laputa, the city of the sky. In the plot, the realistic and historical Laputa civilization are taken as two clues, and the interweaving of the two is used to promote the evolution of the plot. Let's jump out of the sequence of movie plots and re-examine the ins and outs of the story according to the flow of time.

A long time ago, Laputa people had a high degree of wisdom and civilization after a long historical development. They extracted slungshot crystals from minerals buried deep underground and built Lapda, the city of the sky. Seven hundred years ago, Laputa people left the city of the sky and returned to the earth, living a quiet life in every corner of the earth. Time flies. As the present Princess Laputa, Hida inherited the flying stone handed down from the royal family from her mother, and at the same time remembered the spell that could awaken the magic of flying stone. Although the Hida clan has long been indifferent to the prosperity of the distant world, Musca, a descendant of another clan of Lapda royal family, is ambitious. He has been trying to return to the city of the sky and use it to rule the world. In these 700 years, human civilization on the earth has also developed rapidly. With the mature development of flight technology, human beings are constantly looking for the legendary city of the sky. Some people have witnessed this mysterious city with their own eyes, and Baru's father is one of them. One day, a Laputa robot descended from the sky, which confirmed the existence of the city of the sky and strengthened the belief that mankind is looking for it. In particular, the cutting-edge intelligence embodied by robots is beyond the reach of humans on the ground. As a result, the government dispatched a large number of troops, and also sent a mysterious organization like KGB led by Musca to find Laputa, the city of the sky. At the same time, a group of pirates who covet Laputa's treasure are also ready to move. In the end, in order not to let Musca's ambition succeed, Hida and Bath read the curse of destruction together, and all traces of Laputa civilization, such as science and technology, wealth and weapons in the city of the sky, were reduced to ashes, leaving only a big tree bearing the remains of Laputa city and disappearing into the sky forever.

Trajectory of thinking

After sorting out the time sequence of the whole film, we can easily find that Miyazaki Hayao's thinking mainly focuses on two time points.

For the first time, 700 years ago, Miyazaki Hayao asked this question: Why did Laputans give up their prosperity and return to the earth?

From the film, we can see that the architecture of Sky City is obsolete only because of its age, and there is no sign of decline due to man-made aggression or natural disasters. The endless treasure was sealed in the warehouse, and there was no sign of being looted. Hundreds of powerful robots sleep in eggshell-like devices, with no scars that they have ever fought. It can be seen that the reason why Lapdaren left the sky city is not the attack of other civilizations or internal wars, nor the invasion of natural factors, nor the exhaustion of his own wealth or energy. In other words, Laputa people are not forced to leave their homes at all, so there is only one possibility left: they voluntarily choose to give up everything and return to the earth. From this, we will think further: why did Laputa willingly abandon the city of the sky and live a primitive, simple but calm and comfortable life?

Obviously, it is because Laputa people perceive the hidden crisis under the surface prosperity. As Hida finally said to Musca-no matter how terrible weapons and robots are, the tree of life of Laputa civilization cannot survive without the soil of the earth.

Perhaps, when Laputa people finally let their castles float in the sky and the roots of big trees float out of the soil, they are still complacent about their own efforts to reverse Gankun, intoxicated with Yu Feixiang's happiness in the clouds, and complacent about their control of nature and overlooking the earth. However, as the sky city flies higher and higher, their own civilization becomes more and more developed, and they finally realize that their civilization can only survive and develop under the protection of trees representing nature, which gives Laputa civilization vitality. As a result, they resolutely gave up those things that modern human beings dreamed of, shed the flashy coat of Laputa civilization, and let it rejoin the embrace of Mother Nature in the most authentic state like a newborn baby.

On the surface, this return seems to mean the retrogression or extinction of a civilization, but in essence, it is a sign of the progress of civilization. Because it shows that Laputa civilization has further deepened its understanding of the world and the relationship between man and nature, and it also proves that Laputa civilization itself has reached a higher level of civilization. Furthermore, we can say that Laputa civilization was sublimated 700 years ago when Laputa people collectively returned to the earth and nature.

At the second time, when Sida and Bath read the curse of destruction together, Laputa sealed things in the city of the sky, which are widely used in modern society to judge whether a civilization is advanced or not, and finally disappeared into the sky like ashes. And that seemingly indestructible black hemisphere collapsed so quickly. At this time, Miyazaki Hayao raised another question: What is so powerful and terrible?

On the surface, it seems to be Sida's mantra, but in fact it is endless greed, desire and ambition-this is the real culprit in destroying the sky city and the fundamental reason for the demise of a civilization.

If civilization is compared to the human body, then greed is not a virus that destroys its physiological function, but a demon that directly manipulates its spirit and thoughts. It will give full play to the body of civilization-technology, wealth and weapons-in the evil direction and use it to destroy everything until it destroys itself.

When the city of the sky has been under the control of Musca, an aspirant, and all life on earth is shivering under the gun of Skyfire weapon system, the destruction of Laputa civilization is a foregone conclusion. Such an advanced and developed civilization can't get rid of the fate controlled by greed, and finally it even has to do the final resistance with self-destruction. This result is really regrettable, sad and pitiful.

Even without Musca, with the continuous progress of flight technology, mankind will eventually find Laputa, the city of the sky, and driven by greed, use the sealed things inside to further "rule" nature and even kill each other. At that time, Laputa's civilization will be finished, and human civilization will inevitably be buried in its own hands.

To sum up, we can see that in this film, Miyazaki Hayao's thinking is divided into two levels: in the first level, Miyazaki Hayao thinks that the relationship between civilization and nature is just like the relationship between trees and soil. If it is not rooted in the soil of the earth, even the towering trees cannot survive. Similarly, civilizations that try to break away from, control and override nature cannot survive. Only by "rooting in thick soil, bathing in the breeze, taking seeds for the winter and singing with birds" can the tree of civilization flourish and be evergreen all the year round. On the second level, Miyazaki Hayao believes that if nature gives vitality to civilization, then greed will seize the vitality of civilization until it is completely destroyed.

It is particularly noteworthy that the above two levels of thinking are not parallel, but intertwined in the film, which ultimately contributes a profound insight and a bitter medicine to the development of human civilization-only a civilization that is integrated with nature and can resist greed can make continuous progress and last forever. It should be said that it is this humanistic thinking combined with the realistic fate of human beings that forms the eternal charm of Miyazaki Hayao's animated films.

an open question

If we make a further in-depth analysis of the gains and losses and the rise and fall of Laputa civilization along Miyazaki Hayao's train of thought, we will find that there are two suspense left in the film for all the audience to think about:

First, as mentioned above, Laputa's return behavior is a sign of Laputa's civilization progress. But this is a kind of cognitive and spiritual progress, and the progress made by Laputa people is at the expense of reality and material level. Is it possible to find a way of progress that can reach both the spiritual level and the actual material level? Pursuing highly developed material civilization and a natural state of existence must be "you can't have your cake and eat it"? Can artificial technology be perfectly integrated with primitive nature?

After Laputa returned to earth, although he lived a comfortable and quiet life, he also had to endure heavy and hard work. We can't help but wonder, with Laputa's intelligence, can we transform a few robots ourselves to "get rid of filth at dawn and take the moon lotus home" and "pick chrysanthemums under the east fence and see Nanshan leisurely"? Secondly, Laputa civilization was destroyed, but the culprit of "greed" did not disappear with the collapse of Sky City. On the contrary, it grins like a winner, and the next thing it catches with its claws may be our human civilization. Miyazaki Hayao reflected his inner worries about the future of human civilization through the film's allusion to the real world. The civilization of Laputa, the city of the sky, itself can be said to be the epitome of many once brilliant but now extinct civilizations in human history. When you see a city floating in the air, people will easily think of the hanging gardens in Babylon, the Mir turned into a meteor and the international space station being built by human beings ... It is not difficult for careful viewers to find that the giant air battleship appearing in the film is based on the "Zeppelin" airship used by Germany to air strike Britain in World War I; The paunchy general hung the Nazi Iron Cross of the Third Reich on his chest. Laputa's "skyfire" under the control of Musca is no different from the mushroom cloud when the atomic bomb exploded in Hiroshima. After being controlled by Musca, the hemisphere with its arms hanging high on the earth is not a symbol of the sword of Damocles, a weapon of mass destruction that has been hanging over human beings since the beginning of the Cold War between East and West.

The helplessness and helplessness of Laputa civilization in the face of greed, desire and ambition gives us a thought-provoking warning, but all this in the real world seems to show that human beings are still stubbornly repeating the mistakes of Laputa civilization step by step. So can humans lose themselves and stop at the edge? Is it possible for human beings to explore another brand-new development path by their own efforts to avoid the recurrence of tragedies?

Miyazaki Hayao didn't answer the above questions that determine the rise and fall of human civilization. Maybe he can't give an answer, because these questions must gather the wisdom of all mankind to think. In this film, Miyazaki Hayao, through clear and vivid characters, suspenseful and exciting story, and unrestrained imagination, perfectly combines the natural entertainment of animated films with the ideological content shining with wisdom, deeply touching countless audiences, and inevitably arousing the audience's attention, reflection and thinking on human civilization. The torch that illuminates the prospect of human civilization may be lit by the stars in the hearts of these moving and inspiring audiences. From this perspective, Miyazaki Hayao is not only an outstanding film director, but also a pioneer of human thought.

It is particularly important to point out that "City in the Sky" is Studio Ghibli's pioneering work. Among them, Miyazaki Hayao has four important tasks: being the original, the script, the director and the role setting, which makes this work infused with pure Miyazaki Hayao thought from beginning to end and become one of his representative works. Therefore, the enthusiastic praise and great success of this work not only won a good start for Studio Ghibli's career development, but also had a far-reaching impact on Miyazaki Hayao's later works. Among them, as the main thread of thinking that runs through Miyazaki Hayao's later creative career, it is the two unsolved mysteries of the Sphinx put forward in this film.

These works contain mysterious structures.

In director Miyazaki Hayao's vision, the city of the sky is not surrounded by a hollow floating island. Although flying stones provide the energy of the city of the sky, they are not the only core. What really holds up the city of the sky is the "tree", which is a towering giant tree. Impressive! This tree reminds me of the problem of mythical structure. Why trees? Nothing else? What kind of system does Sky City maintain? This problem must be discussed back to the world outlook of ancient farming culture and hunting culture/animal husbandry culture.

Whether it is patrilineal society, matriarchal society or agricultural culture, there is a set of formulas to follow, that is, "earth-body-soul-life-death", which forms the image of the world and then internalizes it into people's hearts, just as China used the five elements to see the rise and fall of everything, and the internal operation and harmony of the human body were also explained by the five elements; The soul leaves the body and must be buried. In this order, the earth plays an extremely important role, just as Gaia, the mother of the earth in Greek mythology, is the goddess who breeds all things, and Nu Wa in China also made people out of clay and filled the sky with clay. Everything is rooted in the earth, just as Hida finally said to Musca, "Just like the song of the valley, dancing with the wind, wintering with seeds, singing with birds, terrible weapons and terrible mechanical soldiers, once people leave the earth, they cannot survive."

However, what about the basic national natural world outlook nourished by hunting culture/animal husbandry culture? Based on the formula of "forest-ocean-sky and stars-animal-power", the vision of farming culture is further expanded. If we put the world outlook and myth together, we will find their consistency, and myth is closely related to the environment in which it is produced. Miyazaki Hayao also showed his mythological view in animated films. From Valley of the Wind, City of the Sky, Princess Ghost to Spirited Away, the mythical structure supported by "trees" has never changed.

For example, the Valley of the Wind caused the spread of Rotten Sea because of man-made pollution. The function of the forest is to purify it and ensure that the underground water source is not polluted; For example, children and chubby chinchillas in My Neighbor Totoro plant oak trees on summer nights. As long as they think they will grow taller, trees will expand like balloons, sprout and grow quickly, and plant seeds in children's hearts. Trees become a metaphor for personality education, just as China people say, "it takes ten years to plant trees, but it takes a hundred years to cultivate people"; For example, the theme of the rebirth and development of human civilization after the prohibition of destructive weapons in Ghost Princess, while wild boar (mountain god) and unicorn (also known as the four unlike, are sacred beasts between man and god, whose shape is changeable and elusive, and they are in charge of the life of all things) live in the forest. When people exploit natural resources at will, they cause serious damage to the environment. In order to survive, they have to cut down forests, and the disappearance of forests makes this necessary. At the end of the film, Kirin's death brought about the restoration of the natural environment, which was really sad; For example, the tram that finally descended to the bottom of the swamp in Spirited Away came to the rural forest like My Neighbor Totoro's film, which also implied that Japan had to go back to the agricultural society in the past to think about the excessive waste of resources and the loss of social value. The silent forest conveys the proposition of "return". I still remember Chihiro's father got lost in the forest by car, and he didn't find the lost thing until he visited Qian who lived in the forest. Finally, Chihiro and his parents went through the tunnel at the station and drove out of the forest. The story begins in the forest and ends in the forest. This is the cycle of goodness, and this is also reincarnation.