Which light bulb saves energy and is brightest? Comparison of the performance of 3 types of light bulbs

Currently, incandescent lamps are facing elimination, while energy-saving lamps and LED lamps have become the mainstream in the market. But because the unit price of incandescent lamps is cheap, some people think that they are more cost-effective. Some people also think that energy-saving lamps and LED lamps are more cost-effective. In this issue of the lab, we will test the performance of three different light bulbs to tell you which light bulb is worth buying.

In this experiment, we purchased common lamps on the market, including 5W energy-saving lamps, LED lamps, and 40W incandescent lamps, and tested their performance in terms of power saving, brightness, and eye protection. contrast.

1. Energy saving: energy-saving lamps = LED lights > incandescent lamps

First of all, the calculation of electricity bills is related to power consumption, and power consumption = voltage * current * power factor .

Tujiang has already explained in the last issue: the size of the power factor (Power? Factor) is related to the load properties of the circuit. The power factor of incandescent lamps with resistive loads is 1, and energy-saving lamps and LED lamps are generally around 0.7. .

We installed the light bulbs on a desk lamp prepared in advance. After turning on the desk lamp, we used an ammeter to measure the current, voltage, and power factor. The actual measured data are as follows:

We calculated that energy-saving lamps are more energy-saving than LED lamps. The following will also be checked by light efficiency testing.

Energy saving will also be tested by light efficiency test.

2. Illuminance & Light Efficacy: In terms of brightness, incandescent lamp > LED light > energy-saving lamp, but in actual light efficiency, LED light > energy-saving lamp > incandescent lamp.

When choosing a light bulb, Consumers often consider brightness issues. Introduce the concepts of "illuminance" and "luminous efficiency". Illumination refers to the amount of luminous flux per unit area, which is related to the brightness perceived by the naked eye. The luminous efficiency, referred to as luminous efficiency, refers to the amount of light emitted when consuming a certain amount of electricity, that is, the ratio of illumination to power.

So we use the illuminance meter app to simply measure the illuminance, fix the height of the desk lamp and the mobile phone in the same position, turn on the light, and compare the illuminance of different light bulbs.

The illumination test results of the three light bulbs are as follows:

The power test results of the three light bulbs are as follows:

Let’s take a look at the tests of the three light bulbs , the brightness of incandescent lamps is the best among the three bulbs, but its light efficiency is the lowest and its energy saving is relatively poor. The light efficiency and illumination of LED lights are slightly higher than those of energy-saving lamps.

3. Stroboscopic phenomenon: eye protection? LED light = energy-saving lamp > incandescent lamp

In addition to being annoying, the flickering light can also cause Some serious illnesses, such as headaches, visual impairment, and even epileptic seizures in severe cases.

A simple evaluation method is to use the camera that comes with the mobile phone to photograph the light bulb. If there are ripples on the screen, the light bulb has a "stroboscopic" problem.

The following are the evaluation results of three types of light bulbs:

Among them, incandescent lamps have the most severe stroboscopic effects, while LED lights and energy-saving lamps have slight stroboscopic phenomena.

4. Color temperature & color rendering: There is no distinction between good and bad, it depends on the usage scenario

If we are not rigorous, we can think of it this way: high color temperature means more blue light and more red light. Less light; low color temperature means less blue light and more red light.

(Color temperature comparison chart, source: edthereblight.com)

There is no good or bad color temperature. Generally speaking, bedroom lights and resting spaces are suitable for warm-toned lights, that is, lights with low color temperature. The living room, study room, etc. are suitable for cool colors, that is, lamps with high color temperature.

The following are the color temperatures of the three types of light bulbs when the lights are turned off:

From the color of the light on the white table, incandescent lamps have the lowest color temperature, followed by energy-saving lamps, and LED lamps have the highest color temperature. , the most "bright". (Although the product packaging shell shows that the color temperature of energy-saving lamps and LED lamps are the same, there are still slight differences in reality.)

Color rendering index: The color rendering index refers to the color rendering ability of the light source to the object. We generally use the sun Light is used as a reference, and its color rendering index is 100. The higher the color rendering index of a light source, the closer its color reproduction ability is to sunlight. When we look at other objects under this light source, the colors will appear more natural.

The testing of color temperature and color rendering requires professional means. Since we usually have no precise requirements for their selection, we only use the same conditions for reference.

To summarize:

From the performance of different types of light bulbs of the same brand:

Incandescent lamps have outstanding advantages and disadvantages. Although they are the cheapest and most “bright” ”, but it consumes a lot of power and suffers from severe flickering. There is not much difference in performance between energy-saving lamps and LED lamps. Although the price is slightly higher than incandescent lamps, they are energy-saving and eye-friendly.

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