Cube-shaped 360-degree panorama

The viewing angle is 360 degrees horizontally and 180 degrees vertically, that is, the full viewing angle is 360X180. It can be said that you are already integrated into the virtual environment. The production of spherical 360-degree panoramic photos is more complicated. The cube-shaped 360-degree panoramic photo is composed of 6 photos: front, back, left, right, top and bottom. The camera is in the center of the cube, also in full view.

Object 360-degree panorama

Also known as 360-degree product display, the main shooting object is product display targeting e-commerce on the Internet. The main difference between it and landscape 360-degree panorama is: shooting When aiming at the object (for example, if you want to shoot a car, the car is the object), turn the object, not the camera, and take a picture every time you turn an angle, and the sequence is completed. Then choose object 360-degree panorama playback software and embed them into your web pages and publish them to your website or 3D mall. Object 360-degree panoramic view also has a wide range of applications: merchandise and toy display, cultural relic viewing, arts and crafts display, etc.

The object 360 panoramic display production tool is a 3D automatic imaging system.

Virtual Advantage

Panorama technology is a new visual technology that developed rapidly and gradually became popular around the world in 2013. It brings people a new sense of real scene and interactive experience. It can be widely used in three-dimensional e-commerce, such as online real estate display, virtual tourism, virtual education and other fields. The angle of view of photos taken with the fisheye lens can reach 180 degrees, and the depth of field can reach infinity at a distance of more than 1 meter; the subject can show a very distinct depth effect in the picture, and then use professional software to synthesize and process it, and publish it It is a 3D panoramic file, and the displayed scene is a real scene, which is more realistic and more economical than traditional virtual reality; the control panel toolbar makes it easier for ordinary users to operate. Three-dimensional panoramic images are derived from photographic capture of real scenes and have a strong sense of reality. Using professional shooting equipment and professional photography technology, we can comprehensively record the overall impression of the scene and the details of each environment. Therefore, the three-dimensional panorama produced will be very vivid and real.

Currently, network/Internet-based virtual reality technology can be divided into two categories, one is image-based 360-degree panoramic technology, and the other is based on three-dimensional polygon technology. VRML three-dimensional technology.

1: Panorama, the world of realistic images (360-degree panorama)

Panorama draws realistic images into a cylinder or sphere, with a way of looking around from the center point, and from different angles. Take photos at the location and then combine them. Because photos are used, the images are very beautiful. The 360-degree panoramic technology used includes two common formats: Java method without Plug-In and Quicktime. These can realize zoom-in and zoom-out functions, 360-degree rotation, and hot zone connection functions between nodes, allowing users to look around.

2: Complete three-dimensional computer rendering space (VRML)

The basic technology of 3D Polygon does not generate graphics, but a fully computer-made three-dimensional model, which is realized through rapid drawing. It has a strong degree of spatial freedom and is a three-dimensional space where users interact with specific objects. Represented by VRML, this technology is difficult to popularize due to issues such as slow Internet speeds, different personal computer environments, plug-in capacities, and technology interchangeability.

3: Advantages of 360-degree panoramic virtualization based on image technology:

⊙ Strong authenticity, realistic photographic performance of real scenes.

⊙ The hardware requirements for playback equipment are low and can be played on popular computers without the need for a specialized workstation.

⊙ Short development cycle and low development cost. Filming production is faster and cheaper than 3D production.

⊙ Strong navigation and interoperability. Can be seamlessly integrated with flash technology navigation.

⊙ High picture quality, high-definition full-screen scenes, perfect details.

⊙ The amount of data is small and it is very suitable for network access and viewing.

Finished product display

360-degree panorama

According to foreign media reports, British photographer Jeffrey Martin took the photo in November 2010 A 360-degree panoramic photo of London with up to 80 billion pixels. If this photo were printed at normal camera resolution, it would be 115 feet long and 56 feet high. It is understood that photographer Martin spent three days taking this photo from the top center of a 36-storey building (the building is located at the intersection between Oxford Street and Tottenham Court Road in London). The most surprising thing is that you can clearly see landmarks, homes, skyscrapers, shopping malls, office buildings, streets, etc. in this photo. If you zoom in on a selected point in the photo, you can clearly see people walking on the street, the expressions on the faces of some children playing, and even glimpses of indoor scenes through the windows of some residential buildings.

It is reported that the world’s high-definition photo record once included a 26-billion-pixel street scene in Paris, a 70-billion-pixel street scene in Budapest, the capital of Hungary, and a 26-billion-pixel street scene in Dresden. Martin also took an 18-billion-pixel panoramic photo of Prague in 2009. This spherical picture also made Martin easily the holder of the world's high-definition photo record in 2009. This high-resolution 360-degree panorama of London taken by Martin in 2010 has undoubtedly broken the world's high-definition picture record, and he will continue to be the record holder.

The 360-degree panorama can not only display scenic spots and famous places, but can also be better applied to business, providing businesses with a comprehensive and true display.

360-degree panoramic virtual tour

360-degree panoramic virtual tour specifically refers to a three-dimensional panoramic virtual tour. The so-called virtual tour is a tour in virtual reality, and a three-dimensional panoramic virtual tour is, of course, a virtual reality tour realized with a three-dimensional panorama. The specific implementation method is to use the three-dimensional panorama as the main body, add pictures, videos, audios, texts and other media to provide an overall and comprehensive display of various scenes including real estate, cities, and scenic spots, so that viewers can not only gain an overall understanding, You can also browse and watch in depth one scene or one detail. Major enterprises can also display their companies in more detail through the 360-degree roaming panorama, which becomes a three-dimensional and clear navigation.

There are two technologies for realizing 360-degree panoramic virtual roaming:

One is to add links to other three-dimensional panoramas in the three-dimensional panorama or map. The links can be in the form of arrows or footprints. When the viewer clicks on the link of other 3D panorama, he will switch to other 3D panorama for browsing, as shown in the figure:

Although this method can achieve switching in different scenes, it has great limitations. : 1. If you want to switch scenes, you can only click on the links of other three-dimensional panoramas, which increases the limitations of roaming. 2. Only a few limited scenes can be switched. Most of those who use this roaming technology collect one or several viewpoints in a large scene, and the viewer can only roam in these three-dimensional panoramas, and cannot observe every detail in the scene, which also increases the Limitations of roaming.

The second method is to use computer vision technology and computer graphics technology to obtain the environment model corresponding to the panoramic image, and achieve a one-to-one mapping of the panoramic space and the real environment. Achieve autonomous roaming in the panoramic space and go wherever you want.

The advantage of using this roaming technology is that viewers can click or double-click on the ground in the three-dimensional panorama to switch scenes, which greatly simplifies the roaming operation. At the same time, this method generally collects as many viewpoints as possible in the scene, so where the viewer wants to go, he can just click on the ground there and browse any details in the scene, which enhances the realism and immersion of roaming. .

Driving system

The emergence of the 360-degree panoramic visual parking assist system has improved driving safety and parking safety. With the rapid development of the economy, there are more and more car users. When purchasing a car, in addition to considering the reasonable price, fashionable appearance, complete performance, and parking safety, more and more people have to consider when purchasing a car. One of the standards. In line with road safety requirements, the active safety concept is bound to become the mainstream model of automobile safety. Car buying has become the mainstream for young people in the 21st century. Many young people who have not been driving for a long time generally have some problems - it is difficult for novices to park on the road, it is difficult to drive on complicated road conditions, it is difficult to obtain evidence for accident claims, and it is difficult to obtain evidence for accidents. Car safety driving assistance systems emerged under this market demand, and car safety has become mainstream. The emergence of the 360-degree panoramic visual parking assist system reduces the chance of accidents. The 360-degree panoramic visual parking assist system has the following features: panoramic images, worry-free driving, stability and reliability, high safety performance, clearer image quality, no blind spots in the viewpoint, safety upgrades, and high cost performance.

The 360-degree panoramic parking assist system has reached its seventh generation. It uses four wide-angle cameras, with wide angles between 150 degrees and 180 degrees. It processes and displays images, which is not simple. Instead of superimposing the images, the images are processed so that the car is in the middle and the images are placed on the periphery.

However, this type of product has a shortcoming. Due to technical problems, the four images are spliced ??at the four corners. Because the range and angle of the camera are different, comprehensive smooth processing cannot be performed. , so four obvious lines were made at four points, some were black lines, and some were gray lines. The four lines were used to cover up the technical defects. In the industry, it is usually called a seamed 360-degree panorama.

The 360-degree panoramic visual parking assist system has been upgraded to the eighth and ninth generations. In the industry, it is usually called seamless 360-degree panoramic view.

The entire vehicle has no blind spots or dead corners, and even with the windshield covered, you can reverse and park safely and worry-free.

Production

The first requirements for 360-degree panoramic production are: Landscaper, Roaming Master, Digital SLR camera, fisheye lens, panoramic head, tripod

The steps are as follows: 1. First, use a digital SLR camera with a fisheye lens and a panoramic head and tripod to shoot the scene. When shooting, you need to follow fixed shooting standards. The following are the steps: 1) Place the panoramic head And the tripod is placed as shown in the figure below: 2) Install the camera position as shown in the figure: 3) Adjust the camera: What needs to be noted is: the "golden line" on the lens should be on the same straight line as "C" , may be adjusted via knobs A/B. The specific number of photos needs to be ordered according to the combination of digital SLR camera and fisheye lens, usually 2-8 photos. 2 sheets*180 degrees/sheet: 3 sheets*120 degrees/sheet: 4 sheets*90 degrees/sheet: 6 sheets*60 degrees/sheet.

2. Secondly, import the taken photos into the landscaper software for stitching processing. The software can quickly generate spherical panoramas, cubic panoramas, and also comes with Flash, java Applet, Quicktime, etc. format output function.

3. Finally, import the spherical panorama or cube panorama into Roaming Master, you can customize the skin, and design a three-dimensional panoramic roaming of any style, combined with scene hot spots, maps, radar... . and other rich interactive experience effects, giving people an immersive 360-degree viewing experience (the effect experience can be seen in the reference materials).

4. When shooting, you must pay attention to the hardware configuration and combination, determine the number of shots, and the angle deviation shall not be greater than 5 degrees.