What are the commonly used examination methods for vasculitis?

1. Laboratory tests:

(erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, etc.) can provide the basis for diagnosis and treatment of certain vasculitis syndromes. Other tests that may be needed include biopsy, angiography, or other forms of imaging. Cultures of blood, urine, or other body fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluid, pleural fluid, and synovial fluid) are often helpful in determining whether a patient with persistent fever has a nonvasculitic disorder. Chest radiography should be performed carefully to detect the presence of pulmonary infiltrates or nodules and lymphadenopathy. If there are signs or symptoms of sinusitis, a sinus radiograph or CT scan may be helpful. If the patient has a persistent fever, abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging should be considered to rule out tumors. and abscesses in the abdomen or pelvis.

2. Biopsy of damaged tissues and organs:

1. Temporal artery biopsy: Temporal artery biopsy is an auxiliary examination used to check whether arterial blood vessels are normal. Biopsy refers to taking biopsy tissue from the body for pathological morphological examination, that is, observing cell morphology and the relationship between cells under a microscope. Biopsy is a commonly used clinical method, with the purpose of determining the nature of lesions, classifying and grading tumors, predicting the prognosis of tumor patients and guiding treatment.

The corresponding symptoms can be judged through the above-mentioned instrument examination.

2. Skin biopsy: Biopsy is the abbreviation of biopsy. It uses surgical methods, punctures, and endoscopic instruments to obtain human tissues for pathological examination before and after treatment.

3. Nose or sinus biopsy: Tumors in the nasal cavity whose nature cannot be determined need to be biopsied. The pathological results will determine the nature and type of the tumor. Nasal tumors often present with symptoms such as nasal congestion and nosebleeds. Rhinoscopy can reveal the mass, and sinus CT can reveal the extent of the mass.

4. Lung biopsy: Lung biopsy is a percutaneous lung biopsy, which is used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions or diffuse lung lesions

5. Calf Nerve biopsy: Helps in the diagnosis and management of severe neuropathy of unknown origin. Biopsy results are helpful in the diagnosis and management of other conditions.

6. Kidney biopsy: It is a Western technology. Traditional Chinese medicine does not recommend renal biopsy. It has serious side effects and many patients will suffer from hematuria, back pain, etc. if they do not rest well. Corresponding complications may also occur if there is an infection.

7. Angiography: Cardiovascular angiography is to quickly inject contrast agent into the heart chamber or blood vessel through the cardiac catheter, so that the heart and blood vessel chamber can be visualized under X-ray irradiation, and at the same time, rapid photography, TV Photography or tape video recording is used to film the development process of the heart and blood vessel cavities. From the development results, the sequence of blood flow containing the contrast agent and the filling condition of the heart blood vessels can be seen, thereby understanding the physiological and anatomical changes of the heart and blood vessels. . It is a valuable method for diagnosing cardiovascular disease.

8. Aortic arch angiography: Aortic arch angiography is the most reliable diagnostic method for diagnosing malformations of the aortic arch and its branches. A catheter is inserted into the ascending aorta and a contrast agent is injected to perform angiography of the aorta and its branches. Two-way cine imaging can reveal the origin, direction, thickness and other abnormalities of the aortic arch and its branches, thereby confirming the diagnosis.