How is coughing and bleeding?

Hemoptysis refers to respiratory bleeding below the throat, which is discharged from the mouth by coughing. Hemoptysis should first be differentiated from oral cavity, pharynx and nosebleeds. Oral and pharyngeal bleeding is easy to observe local bleeding lesions. Nosebleeds often flow from the anterior nostril, and the bleeding focus is often located in the anterior and lower part of the nasal septum, which is easy to diagnose. Sometimes there is a lot of bleeding in the back of nasal cavity, which can be misdiagnosed as hemoptysis. A diagnosis can be made if blood is found to flow downward from the posterior nostril along the pharyngeal wall through nasopharyngeal endoscopy. Massive hemoptysis should be differentiated from hematemesis (upper gastrointestinal bleeding). The former often has a history of tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, heart disease and so on. Before bleeding, there was cough, itchy throat, chest tightness, bright red blood mixed with foamy sputum, and generally no tarry stool; The latter often has a history of peptic ulcer, cirrhosis and other symptoms, such as epigastric discomfort, nausea and vomiting before bleeding. Hematemesis is brownish black or dark red, sometimes bright red, mixed with food residue, gastric juice and tarry stool, which can last for several days after hematemesis stops. [Etiology] 1. Common bronchial diseases include bronchiectasis (tuberculous or non-tuberculous), chronic bronchitis, endobronchial tuberculosis, bronchial cancer (primary lung cancer) and so on. Less common are benign bronchial tumors, endobronchial stones and bronchial nonspecific ulcers. 2. Common lung diseases include tuberculosis, pneumonia and lung abscess. Less common diseases include pulmonary congestion, pulmonary infarction, malignant tumor metastasis, pulmonary cyst's disease, pulmonary mycosis, paragonimiasis and so on. Tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of hemoptysis. 3. The common cardiovascular disease is hemoptysis caused by mitral stenosis. Hemoptysis can also occur when some congenital heart diseases, such as atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus, cause pulmonary hypertension. 4. Other blood diseases (such as thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia, hemophilia, etc. ); Acute infectious diseases (such as pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis and epidemic hemorrhagic fever). ); Connective tissue diseases (such as polyarteritis nodosa); Endometriosis, etc. Hemoptysis with the following symptoms is of diagnostic significance: 1. Accompanied by fever, it can be seen in tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung abscess, pulmonary hemorrhagic leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, bronchial cancer and so on. 2. Accompanied by chest pain, it can be seen in lobar pneumonia, pulmonary infarction, tuberculosis, bronchial cancer, etc. 3. With choking cough, it can be seen in bronchial cancer and mycoplasma pneumonia. 4. Patients with skin and mucous membrane bleeding should pay attention to leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, hematological diseases and connective tissue diseases. 5. Those with jaundice should pay attention to leptospirosis, lobar pneumonia and pulmonary infarction. [family first aid] 1. Absolute bed rest, lying flat when hemoptysis, sleeping on the affected side helps to stop bleeding and avoid aspiration pneumonia or atelectasis. 2. Comfort patients, explain carefully, eliminate ideological concerns, and encourage patients to cough up old blood remaining in the respiratory tract to avoid suffocation and death due to respiratory obstruction. 3. Ingestion of digestible food such as liquid or semi-liquid to keep the stool unobstructed, so as to save time and effort and hemoptysis again. 4. Appropriate sedatives such as diazepam 2.5 ~ 5mg orally, 3 times a day or phenobarbital 0.3g, 3 times a day. 5. Application of antitussive drugs: antitussive drugs are generally not needed when hemoptysis is serious. When coughing seriously interferes with hemostasis, Kebiqing 25mg or Compound Platycodon Powder can be taken orally after coughing up blood. 6. Hemostatic drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao 0.3~0.6g, taken orally three times a day or Anluoxue tablets 2.5mg, three times a day. 7. If the hemostasis effect is not good or the blood volume is large, it should be sent to the hospital for further treatment. There are many reasons for coughing and bleeding. If you cough hard, the capillaries on the bronchus tear, and the amount of bleeding is generally small, which will heal automatically without any treatment. Be careful not to cough too much in the future. Secondly, many diseases can also cause hemoptysis. For example, bronchial diseases-bronchiectasis, primary bronchopulmonary cancer and other lung diseases-pulmonary tuberculosis (the main cause of hemoptysis), pneumonia, lung abscess and other cardiovascular diseases. Others-infectious diseases, blood diseases, rheumatism, etc. Among them, tuberculosis is the most common. If you have a long history of coughing, I suggest you go to the hospital for an X-ray examination. Clear the cause of hemoptysis, also known as hemoptysis, refers to blood coming out of the airway with coughing, blood in sputum, bloodshot spots in sputum, or hemoptysis. Usually with foam in it. This blood comes from the lungs or airways and is bright red. Zhang Yitong: "People who cough up blood will see redness or dry cough because of coughing, or there are red spots in sputum." Hemoptysis is located in the lung, but it is related to liver and kidney. "Analogy and Syndrome Treatment": "Many scholars cough blood out of the lungs. It is said that coughing and vomiting blood all start from the kidney, and the kidney pulse penetrates the diaphragm, enters the lungs and goes down the throat, and the lungs and kidneys are connected. Due to kidney water deficiency, fire is flourishing, lung is dry and collaterals are damaged, and body fluid is dry and becomes phlegm. The disease is marked by the lung and the root of the disease is the kidney. " The pathological changes of hemoptysis belong to heat syndrome, which can be divided into exogenous and internal injuries, with exogenous being real and internal injuries being virtual. Deficiency heat and excess heat can lead to lung collateral damage, blood overflow and hemoptysis. 1) The common symptoms are as follows: 1. Wind-heat impairs lung-blood in sputum, or blood in sputum, cough, yellow sputum, sore throat, thirst, body heat, or slight aversion to cold, thin yellow tongue coating, floating or slippery pulse. 2. Dry heat hurts the lungs-bloodshot sputum, dry cough without phlegm or less phlegm, chest pain, dry nose and throat, body heat, red tongue tip, thin yellow fur, and slippery pulse. 3. Liver-fire invading the lung-coughing up blood, blood in sputum, or pure red blood, bitter taste, chest tightness and shortness of breath, distending pain in chest and hypochondrium, irritability, dry stool, red tongue, yellow fur and rapid pulse. 4. Lung-qi deficiency-coughing with blood in sputum, persistent cough and asthma, thin cough sputum, dizziness, shortness of breath and fatigue, spontaneous sweating when moving, burning fur, dull tongue, and slow pulse. 5. Deficiency of both qi and yin-coughing up blood, with foam in the blood, excessive amount, palpitation and shortness of breath, red cheekbones, chest tightness, burning throat, red tongue, rapid pulse or knot generation. 6. Tuberculosis-hemoptysis, bright red blood, hot flashes and night sweats, red face, insomnia, emaciation, red tongue without coating, and rapid pulse. 2) Here are some dietotherapy and medicated diets that successfully treat hemoptysis: 1. Take 1 fresh mustard leaves and mash them 1 small cup. Take it with boiled water. This prescription treats pulmonary hemorrhage. 2. Use 25g of cogongrass rhizome and 0/5g of bletilla striata/kloc-. Decoct with water. This prescription treats cough and vomiting blood. 3. Take 250 grams of fresh Agrimonia pilosa, wash and juice, lotus root juice 1 cup. Stew the two flavors until they cool. This recipe treats hemoptysis.