What is the basic principle of photography?

Jiugongge's composition, also called TIC-tac-toe composition, is actually a form of the golden section, as mentioned earlier. It is to divide the picture into nine blocks on average, and arrange the themes at any point in the four corners of the central block. In fact, these points are in line with the "golden section law" and are the best locations. Of course, balance, contrast and other factors should also be considered. This composition can present changes and movements, and the picture is full of vitality. These four points also have different visual senses. The top two points are more energetic than the bottom, and the left side is stronger than the right side. Pay attention to the problem of visual balance.

(2) Cross composition

Cross-shaped composition is to divide the picture into four parts, that is, draw two lines horizontally and vertically through the center of the picture, and the intersection of the centers is based on the position of the subject. This kind of composition increases the sense of security, peace, solemnity and mystery of the picture, but also has some unfavorable factors such as rigidity. But it is suitable for symmetrical composition, such as the theme of ancient buildings, which can produce a central perspective effect. Such as the embodiment of mystery, mainly in cross, church and other photography. So different themes choose different expressions.

(3) Triangular composition

Triangular composition, in which the subject in the picture is placed in a triangle or the image itself forms a triangle, is a visual induction method. If there is a triangle formed by a shape or a shadow, if it is a naturally formed linear structure, the main body can be arranged in the center of the hypotenuse of the triangle in order to make a breakthrough. But the effect is the best only when panoramic view is used. Triangle composition produces a sense of stability, while inversion is unstable, highlighting tension. Can be used for close-up people, close-up and other different scenes of photography.

(4) Three-point composition

In photographic composition, the picture is divided into three parts horizontally and vertically, and the intersection of lines is called the center of interest. When we observe a photo, our eyes will be attracted by the interesting center first, so when we take a photo, we will arrange the main things near the interesting center as much as possible. Of course, when using the trisection method, you can also put the scenery on the golden section line, which will be more beautiful from the visual point of view, such as buildings or the horizon. In fact, many SLR cameras, including some card cameras, have built-in auxiliary line function. When this function is turned on, the camera will automatically add composition auxiliary lines in the viewfinder to help us make composition. Trigonometry applies to horizontal and vertical frames. If the subject and partner are arranged in trigonometry, the photos will be compact and powerful.

Triangular composition (4 sheets)

(5) Type A composition

A-shaped composition refers to arranging the structure of the picture in an A-shaped form in the picture. A-type composition has a strong sense of stability, upward impact and strong visual orientation. It can show this form of tall natural objects and their own existence. If the performance object is placed at the junction of the top of the A word, it is mandatory visual guidance at this time. It is not enough to pay attention to this point. The change of different tilt angles in A-shaped composition can produce different dynamic effects of the picture, with novel form and clear main direction. But it is also a difficult method to master and needs experience accumulation.

(6)S-shaped combination

S-shaped composition gives full play to the aesthetic feeling of the picture, which is first reflected in the aesthetic feeling of the curve. S-shaped composition has strong dynamic effect, which is both dynamic and stable. All kinds of pictures can be selected according to the subject matter. The best effect is to express the theme, such as the natural ups and downs of mountains, rivers and regions, as well as the curve arrangement and changes of many human bodies, animals and objects and various natural and artificial forms. Generally speaking, the S-shaped composition extends from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the picture.

(7)V-shaped structure

V-shaped composition is the most varied composition method, and its main changes are directional arrangement, upside down and horizontal, but in any case, the intersection point must be centripetal. V-shaped dual-purpose can fundamentally change the nature of single use. When used alone, the picture is unstable, and when used twice, it has both centripetal force and stability. Positive V-shaped composition is generally used in the foreground, as the frame structure of the foreground, highlighting the main body.

(8)C-shaped composition

C-shaped composition has the characteristics of curve beauty, can produce variable visual focus, and the picture is concise and clear. However, when arranging the subject and object, it must be arranged at the C-shaped gap, so that people's eyes can move to the subject and object with the arc. C-shaped composition can be adjusted in any direction. Generally speaking, it is mostly used for industrial and architectural themes.

(9)O-shaped combination

O-shaped composition, also known as circular composition, is the visual center formed by arranging the subjects on the center of the circle. A circular composition can be composed of an outer circle and an inner circle. The outer circle is a natural solid structure, the inner circle is a hollow structure such as pipes and steel pipes, and the outer circle is a composition of the shape of solid circular objects (usually large and grouped), which mainly shows the changing effect of the main bodies arranged in the circle. The visual perspective produced by the composition of the inner ring is shocking. The viewpoint arrangement can be a composition structure formed in the center of the picture, or it can deviate from the direction in the center, such as the upper left corner, to produce a sense of movement. The sense of movement generated below is small but the sense of stability is enhanced.

If the combination of overlapping inner rings is adopted, the light and shadow perspective effect of multi-circle chain can be produced, which is exciting. If combined with regular curves, the effect will be stronger, such as the double track in the gun bore, which is both beautiful and visually oriented.

(10) w-shaped combination

W-shaped composition, excellent stability, very suitable for close-up shooting. It can play a good role in dealing with the background and prospect. Using this composition, we should seek small changes and visual perception.

(1 1) oral ingredients

Mouth-shaped composition, also known as frame composition, is generally used for foreground composition, such as using doors, windows, holes and other frames as the foreground to express the main body and clarify the environment. This composition is in line with people's visual experience, which makes people feel that they are watching images through doors and windows. The sense of space and perspective that produces reality is very strong.

(12) diagonal combination

Diagonal composition refers to the shapes of main objects placed on the diagonal in the picture, such as bridges, towers, people, cars, etc., to express dynamic feelings. This composition is suitable for moving pictures, which makes the pictures have moderate penetration.