Which countries in Africa have circumcision? What is circumcision like?

Desert Flower is a story about African circumcision. Wallis, the heroine, was circumcised at the age of five. At the age of twelve, her father married an old man in his sixties for five camels. Waris Dirie, the protagonist of the story, was born in a deserted desert. She decided to run away for the night before the wedding. She narrowly escaped from the desert and later met Donaldson, a famous photographer, at work. With his help, Wallis finally became the top model in the world.

Wallis, the heroine, is a circumcised girl. When she came to London, England, she thought that women all over the world were circumcised.

Archaeological findings show that the custom of African circumcision is very long, with a history of more than 4,000 years. In Egypt, some female mummies have been circumcised, so many people also call it "Pharaoh's circumcision". At present, as many as 65438+300 million women have been circumcised. So far, there are more than 30 countries in western, northern and eastern Africa, and millions of young girls have to be circumcised every year. In addition, 80% of men and women in many African countries are still undergoing circumcision.

In China, the age of majority is 18, while in African countries, whether boys and girls are adults depends on whether they have been circumcised or not. Both men and women have to be circumcised at a certain age.

In African countries, it is difficult to get married without circumcision. Female circumcision is regarded as a symbol of real women, a proof of chastity, and the need of a patriarchal society. The simplest female circumcision is called "Su Na", and the second is called excision, which is extremely cruel. After the excision, the girl should lie down for at least a week, and most of them are folk witch doctors, midwives or relatives and friends who cut them with iron knives or small blades and sew them with ordinary needle and thread. Poor medical conditions and unsterilized instruments can lead to serious infection, bleeding, infertility and death.

At present, at least 20 countries in Africa have abolished this ancient tradition. As early as 1998, Tanzania formulated laws and regulations. Offenders can be sentenced to a maximum of 15 years imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 Tanzanian shillings. Those who died in the operation will be severely punished.

Contrary to female circumcision, male circumcision is an obligation. In addition to symbolizing adulthood, circumcision is sometimes performed to enhance sexual ability. Male circumcision is not only not demanded to be abolished, but also used as a celebration ceremony in some areas.

In many places in Uganda and Kenya. Whose child is to be circumcised, whose child is to be circumcised, whose child is to be bathed and cleansed, and parents should entertain guests and friends and publicly announce the good news that the child is to be circumcised. People attending the party will also bring gifts such as good wine and meat to congratulate them. In Bengoma, Kenya, the Bukusa tribe performs adult circumcision every August. Because this operation is performed without any anesthesia, boys usually jump into the cold river to paralyze themselves before being cut open. Male circumcision will also make them miserable, screaming and crying.