Zhu Rong rover's photo.

A few days ago, the lunar rover in Zhu Rong, China, successfully achieved a breakthrough in the zero landing mission of extraterrestrial planets through four obstacles: pneumatic deceleration, parachute deceleration, dynamic deceleration and buffer landing, becoming the second country in the world to master the soft landing capability on the surface of Mars.

However, several days have passed since the landing time, but no images have been released. Very few people complain that "there is no picture and no truth". The news of Zhu Rong's successful landing is of course an indisputable fact. The screen information of the space command and control center has completely displayed this fact:

Evaluation results of landing patrol status: the grounding signal is normal, the inclined plate extends forward, the mast extends in the normal position, the solar wing extends in the normal position, the directional antenna is unfolded and driven normally, the voltage and power are normal, and the landing attitude is normal.

"Normal" after "normal" tells everyone that Zhu Rong not only landed successfully, but also landed in a very good state, which laid a solid foundation for the subsequent fire patrol mission.

The slow transmission of imaging data of Zhu Rong Rover is mainly due to the fact that there are too few Mars relay communication satellites, and only one Tian Wen-1 circulator is used as the relay satellite.

However, a good meal is always not afraid of being late, and Mars imaging data finally came to the earth across hundreds of millions of kilometers of space.

The first imaging results of Zhu Rong Rover are as follows:

This picture was taken by the front obstacle avoidance camera of the Zhu Rong rover. It is equipped with two obstacle avoidance cameras in the forward direction and two obstacle avoidance cameras in the backward direction. This is a fisheye lens camera with an imaging field of view close to 180 degrees, which is mainly used to identify short-distance obstacles within 5 meters. It is an indispensable key equipment for autonomous driving of the rover.

There are also two whip antennas in the image of the obstacle avoidance camera, which are actually the transmitting and receiving antennas of the ground detection radar of Zhu Rong Mars train.

The surface detection radar of Mars train is used to obtain the echo data of ultra-wideband fully polarized radar on the surface and subsurface of Mars, and to study the geological layered structure and composition types of the surface and subsurface of Mars in the patrol area.

Rover panorama camera is a binocular imaging system, which consists of two lenses. It is installed on the top of the head mast of the rover and can take 3D images. The imaging distance is 0.5m to infinity, and the imaging spectrum is visible light, with color imaging function. The effective pixel number is 2048X2048, which is the main load of the situation awareness of the rover.

There are many load details in panorama camera imaging picture. The disc-shaped structure in the lower right corner of the picture is the collector of the rover, which absorbs solar heat energy during the day and releases heat energy at night to realize the thermal control management of the rover at night. The heat collector mainly realizes heat collection and heat release through a substance called n-undecane.

There is also a directional antenna mast, which has two functions. It can communicate directly with the earth without the overhead of circulator, but the transmission rate is low, and it is mainly used to transmit the state data of the rover. When the directional antenna is located in the far fire area, it can relay data transmission with circulator.

The root of the directional antenna rod is also provided with a calibration plate;

The calibration board is the supporting equipment for on-orbit calibration of the surface composition detector of Zhu Rong lunar rover. It is made of 65,438+02 different minerals mixed and ground. The specific principle is to accurately evaluate the richness of element composition by comparing the calibrated sample with the actual target spectral data, so as to realize the comprehensive analysis of chemical element composition and surface mineral and rock composition of Mars.

The Zhu Rong Rover is the largest rover driven by the solar wing deployed by human beings so far, with a scale of 240 kg. Carrying six scientific detection loads at the same time, the demand for electricity is naturally greater. Therefore, the rover installed four large-area solar wings and multiple solar cells on the top of the car body.

In addition to the pictures of the rover and the landing platform, this time, a video clip of the separation of the Tian Wen-1 orbiter and the entry module was released:

It can be seen from the picture of separation between the capsule and the circulator that the attitude adjustment began immediately after the capsule was separated.

Next, the Zhu Rong Rover will leave the landing platform along the gangway, and start a classic double-shooting task with the landing platform, and then it will start a fire patrol and detection tour.

At this moment, the author can't help but think of the Mars-3 probe powered by the north. Although it once set a record for landing on the surface of Mars, it only sent about ten seconds of data after landing, and even a photo that can distinguish the outline failed to be sent successfully. Trying to succeed in the space competition mode of quick success and instant benefit is tantamount to seeking fish from a tree. Later, this country failed to conquer the soft landing technology of fire surface in its lifetime.

Tian Wen-1' s Mars exploration mission has set a number of records, the most striking of which is the first independent fire exploration, that is, the one-step exploration of Mars, which is the first time at all times and in all countries. Before Tian Wen-1 succeeded in catching fire, some people said it was quick success and instant benefit, but the reason why we dared to be so bold was solid accumulation.

The Mars landing mission includes the deep blessing of Shenzhou manned spacecraft, recoverable satellite, Chang 'e V returner and a new generation of manned spacecraft, as well as the ground development and full test verification of the entry module. The 7500N variable thrust engine used for power descent has a long history in the Chang 'e lunar exploration project, creating a record of landing on the moon with three wins in three wars. There is also an obstacle avoidance system based on the concept of machine vision in the hovering imaging section of the landing platform, which is also the technical achievement of Chang 'e lunar exploration project.

No one can succeed casually. The reason why we can move from victory to new victory is due to our new national chess game system, and it is also the continuation of the three spirits of two bombs and one satellite, manned space flight and Chang 'e exploring the moon. Looking around the world, there is only one country that can achieve this achievement.