Photography Wujiang poetry

Suzhou Garden refers to the garden buildings in Suzhou, China, mainly private gardens. It began in Gusu (5 14 BC), the capital of Wu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, formed in the Five Dynasties, matured in the Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. By the end of Qing Dynasty, there were more than 170 gardens of various colors in Suzhou. Now there are more than 60 well-preserved gardens and 19 open gardens. It covers a small area, but it is good at artistic conception. With unique artistic techniques, it decorates and arranges in a limited space, changing the scenery and making endless changes. From 65438 to 0997, Suzhou classical gardens, as the representative of China gardens, were listed in the World Heritage List. It is the leader and pride of China garden culture.

Suzhou gardens are called gardens, which use engineering technology and artistic means to create a beautiful natural environment and recreational environment in a certain area by transforming the terrain (or further building mountains, stacking rocks and managing water), planting flowers and plants, building and arranging garden roads.

Suzhou Garden Landscape (20 photos) Suzhou is state-list famous historical and culture cities and has the reputation of "paradise on earth, garden city". It has always been famous for its beautiful scenery and elegant gardens, and has the reputation of "Jiangnan Garden is the best in the world and Suzhou Garden is the first in Jiangnan". Suzhou classical gardens "enjoy the beauty of mountains and rivers without leaving the city walls, and Lingquan lives in the downtown area". 1985, Suzhou Garden was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China.

As a world famous historical and cultural city, Suzhou has accumulated the charm of Wu culture for more than 2500 years. Around 1 1 century BC, the local tribe called itself "Wu Gou" and Suzhou called it "Wu". In 5 14 BC, He Lv, the king of Wu, established his capital here, and its scale and status have not changed so far, which is rare in the world.

There are not only magnificent lakes and mountains here, but also picturesque scenery in the south of the Yangtze River with small bridges and flowing water-Suzhou, known as the "land of plenty in the south of the Yangtze River", is rich and beautiful, and is one of the first 24 historical and cultural cities announced in China. Suzhou has been the economic and cultural center of Jiangnan since ancient times, with complete urban pattern, beautiful scenery and unique natural landscape. This is a famous tourist attraction. Suzhou gardens, which are world-renowned, adopt the method of shrinking the landscape, giving people the artistic effect of seeing the big from the small, and winning the reputation of "garden city" for Suzhou.

Suzhou Garden Environment (19 sheets)

As typical classical gardens in Suzhou, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa were all born in the heyday of private gardens in Suzhou. The natural beauty of Suzhou gardens, with its profound artistic conception, exquisite construction, elegant art and rich cultural connotation, has become a model and representative of many classical gardens in Suzhou. Suzhou is good at gardens, which makes people lament the exquisite craftsmanship and natural exquisiteness of gardening. Classical gardens such as Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa were listed in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List in 1997 and 65438+February respectively (Canglang Pavilion was added in 2000).

Lion Forest, Lovers Garden, Art Garden and Retreat Garden are world cultural heritages. Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden represent Song (960 ~ 1276), Yuan (127 1 ~ 1368) and Ming (1368 ~/kloc) respectively.

List of main gardens in Suzhou:

Private gardens: Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master Garden, Art Garden, Huanxiu Mountain Villa and Lotus Garden.

Buddhist Gardens: Xuanji (North Temple Pagoda), Xiyuan, Hanshan Temple, Twin Towers and Ruiguang Pagoda.

Wang Jiayuan: Tiger Hill (and Lu Tomb) and Lingyan Mountain (Palace).

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Suzhou climate

Suzhou is located in temperate zone, with four distinct seasons, mild climate and abundant rainfall. It has a humid monsoon climate in the north subtropical zone, with annual average precipitation 1 100 mm, annual average temperature 15.5℃ and 1 monthly average temperature of 2.5℃. The average temperature in July is 28 degrees Celsius.

The city is low and flat, with plains accounting for 55% of the total area, dense water network, fertile land, abundant products, abundant rainfall and flat terrain.

Suzhou gardens are rich in agricultural and sideline products. Poems such as "Boil fragrant rice to know the red lotus", "Peach blossoms and flowing water are rich in mandarin fish" and "buy ling in the night market and carry it in the spring boat" are the praises and eulogies of poets in past dynasties for Suzhou's rich products. Mainly planting rice, wheat and rape, producing

Cotton, sericulture, forest fruit, specialty products are Biluochun tea, Yangtze river swordfish, Taihu whitebait, Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs and so on. Suzhou is a famous "land of abundance" and "land of silk", and is known as "paradise on earth". Topography Suzhou City belongs to the Yangtze River Delta Plain and Taihu Plain, two provincial-level natural geographical areas, and four secondary natural areas, namely, sandbar area along the Yangtze River Plain, Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Plain, Taihu Lake and lakeside hilly area, and Yangcheng-Dianmao low area. The terrain is characterized by gentle plains. The whole city is low and flat, and it slopes slowly from west to east. The plain is 3-4 meters above sea level, and the area around Yangcheng Lake and Wujiang River is only about 2 meters.

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Garden culture

The history of Suzhou classical gardens can be traced back to the gardens of the King of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC. Private gardens were first seen in Dongjiang gardens recorded in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4th century). Gardens have flourished in past dynasties, and there are more and more famous gardens. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Suzhou became the most prosperous area in China, with private gardens all over the ancient city. 16-1At the height of the 8th century, there were gardens in Suzhou.

As typical classical gardens in Suzhou, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa were all born in the heyday of private gardens in Suzhou. They have become models and representatives of many classical gardens in Suzhou with their profound artistic conception, exquisite construction, elegant art and rich cultural connotation.

Freehand Landscape Art Thought

China's gardening art has a deep historical origin with China's literature and painting art, especially influenced by the literati's freehand brushwork landscape painting in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it is a model of literati's freehand brushwork landscape simulation. In the course of its development, China gardens have formed two series: royal gardens and private gardens. The former is concentrated in Beijing and the latter is represented by Suzhou. Due to the differences in political, economic, cultural status and natural geographical conditions, there are obvious differences in scale, layout, volume, style and color. Royal gardens are famous for their grandeur, neatness and richness, while Suzhou gardens are famous for their smallness, freedom, exquisiteness, elegance and freehand brushwork. Because the latter pays more attention to the harmony and unity of culture and art, the royal gardens developed in the later period also absorbed a lot of "freehand brushwork" techniques of private gardens in terms of artistic conception, creative thinking, architectural techniques and humanistic content.

Perfect living conditions and living environment

Suzhou's classical gardens and folk houses are integrated, which can be appreciated, visited and lived. The formation of this architectural form is a creation that human beings attach themselves to nature, pursue harmony with nature, beautify and improve their living environment in a densely populated city lacking natural scenery. Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa are four classical gardens with complete architectural types and well-preserved. They systematically and comprehensively show the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration, furniture and furnishings of Suzhou classical garden buildings. They are representative works of Jiangnan folk architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties (14-early 20th century) and reflect this period. It once influenced the architectural style of the whole city in the south of the Yangtze River, and brought the design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time. Rich social and cultural connotations

An important feature of Suzhou Garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China's traditional ideology and culture. Suzhou gardens are manifested in the naming, plaques, couplets, stone carving, decoration, as well as the meaning of flowers and trees and the feeling of overlapping stones. They are not only exquisite works of art to decorate gardens, but also store a lot of historical, cultural, ideological and scientific information, and their material and spiritual contents are extremely profound. Some reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Some preach the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; With the help of classical poems and literary works, the landscape is embellished, germinated and rendered, so that people can turn the landscape into feelings, produce artistic beauty and obtain spiritual satisfaction in the process of living and sightseeing. The park has a well-preserved collection of calligraphy works by famous calligraphers in China, which is a precious work of art and has high cultural value. In addition, Suzhou Classical Garden, as the first house garden in China, reflects the life style and etiquette of folk living and leaving their relatives in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China, and is the material for understanding and studying the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China.

Suzhou classical gardens have always been called "literati gardens". Bai Juyi said in the Collection of Caotang: "Covering the soil is a platform, gathering boxing stones is a mountain, and fighting around the water is a pool", which is the paradigm of literati gardens. Suzhou gardens fully embody the theme of "natural beauty". In the design and construction, various methods are used to organize the space according to local conditions, such as borrowing scenery, comparing scenery, dividing scenery, isolating scenery, etc., resulting in the artistic effect of twists and turns, seeing the big from the small, and alternating reality with reality. Lion Grove is one of the four famous gardens in Suzhou with a history of more than 600 years. Located in the northeast of Suzhou, it was founded in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1342). Because there are many stone peaks in the garden, which look like lions, it is named "Lion Forest". Suzhou Lion Forest Sketch Lion Forest has a rectangular plane with an area of about 15 mu. There are many beautiful rockeries and lakes in the forest, and the buildings are patchwork. The main buildings are Yanyutang, Jianshan Tower, Waterfall Pavilion and Meiwen Pavilion. Lion Forest has a distinctive theme, rich depth of field, distinctive personality, ingenious fake holes and valleys, and unique charm of every grass and tree.

The buildings in the park are mainly misty rain hall, followed by a small square hall with a snow hall. To the west, you can refer to Bai Xuan. Lion Forest autumn scenery is a two-story attic surrounded by exquisite Gao Shuang. To the west of Bai Xuan is the ancient Wusong Garden. The southwest corner is Jianshan Building. From Jianshan Building to the west, you can go to Lotus Hall. In the northwest of the hall, there is a really interesting pavilion next to the pool. The pavilion is beautifully decorated with seaweed and lifelike flowers. There are two stone boats beside the pavilion. On the shore of the stone boat is a building with faint fragrance and light shadow. From here, turn south along the corridor and you can reach the waterfall pavilion, which is the highest place in the whole park. The scenic center in the west of the park is Mei Wenting, and in front is Shuangxian Lane Pavilion. Shuangxiangxian Pavilion goes south to east, with a fan pavilion in the southwest corner and a small courtyard behind it, which is fresh and elegant.

Lingering Garden

Lingering Garden is one of the four famous gardens in China. Lingering Garden, located outside Nagato, Suzhou, was founded in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, it was called "Hanbilou", commonly known as "Liuyuan", and later changed to "Lingering Garden". Lingering Garden covers an area of about 50 mu, with mountains and rivers in the middle, which is the essence of the whole garden. The main buildings are Hanbishan Building, Mingse Building, Quxi Building of Cui Yuan Pavilion and Qingfengchi Pavilion. The number of buildings staying in the garden ranks first in Suzhou gardens, and its outstanding treatment in space fully reflects the superb skills and outstanding wisdom of ancient gardeners. The architectural space is properly handled, ranking first in Suzhou gardens. The whole garden of Lingering Garden is divided into four parts. In a garden, you can enjoy four different scenery: landscape, pastoral, mountain forest and garden. The central part is famous for its waterscape, which is the essence of the whole garden. In the east, Quyuan cloister architecture wins. In the east of the garden, there are more than a dozen places, such as the hall with good sunshine, happy rain and fast snow, the pavilion near the spring, my reading room, Guanyun Building and so on. There are three stone peaks standing behind the pool in the courtyard, with the famous stone crown Yunfeng in the middle and Ruiyunfeng and Yun Xiu Peak on both sides. There are pastoral scenery and new bonsai gardens in the north; The west area is the highest place in the whole park, full of wild interest, strange rockeries, and natural accumulation of rocks and stones. Bishan Building and B&B Building in Han Dynasty in Jinan are the main landscape buildings in Lingering Garden. There are also "Little Taoyuan (Little Penglai)", Cui Yuan Pavilion, Quxi Building and Qingfengchi Pavilion in the architectural landscape of Lingering Garden.

The owner of the network garden

Master Wang Garden is located in the southeast of Suzhou. Founded in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 127 ~ 1279), it was then called "fishing hiding". In the Qing Dynasty, Netscape Garden was rebuilt (A.D. 1736 ~ 1796), and the old meaning of "fishing and seclusion" was adopted, and it was renamed Netscape Garden. Wang Shi Garden covers an area of about half a hectare and is the smallest garden in Suzhou. The main buildings in the park are Cong Guixuan, Zhuoying Shuige, Kansong Reading Painting Pavilion and Dianchun Table. The pavilions and pavilions in Master Wang's garden are all near the water, and there is water everywhere in the garden. All kinds of buildings are coordinated and compact in layout, famous for their exquisiteness and typical Ming style.

The original garden is the "Wanjuan Hall" of Yangzhou bibliophile and assistant minister in Song Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the retired Guanglu Temple was purchased and rebuilt, and it was named "Wang Shiyuan". The owner of the net is a fisherman, who agrees with "fishing in seclusion", which means seclusion in Jianghu. Master Wang Garden means "the garden for fishermen to fish for the aged", which is homophonic with the lane name "Wang Si (Wang Si, today's wide streets and alleys)". The landscape layout and scenic spots in the park are full of seclusion.

Pu Yi

Art Garden is a famous garden built in Ming Dynasty. Originally built by Yuan, a scholar in Ming Dynasty, it was originally named "Zuyingtang". After Suzhou Art Garden, it was renamed as "Medicine Garden" by the great-grandson of Zuo Assistant Minister of Ritual Department and Dong Ge University (equivalent to Deputy Prime Minister) in the late Ming Dynasty. After the death of the Ming dynasty, it was owned by Jiang Cai, a scholar in the Chongzhen period of the Ming dynasty. Jingting) In the early Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Jingting Mountain House, and later its son Jiang Shijie was renamed "Art Garden". Zhidao Lightyear is the location of the seventh pavilion of satin industry.

Art Garden is a small garden with the artistic characteristics of Ming Dynasty. The whole garden layout is simple and cheerful, the style is natural and simple, and there is no fussy feeling of piling up. Its artistic value is far superior to the garden works in the late Qing Dynasty. From the layout of mountains and rivers, the opening of pavilions to the detailed treatment of one stone and one tree, the simple and elegant style features are dialysis, and the basic concept of gardening is outlined in a concise way. The art garden was built in the Ming Dynasty as a famous medicine garden, and changed to an art garden in the early Qing Dynasty.

Tuisiyuan

Tuisi Garden is located in Dongxi Street, Tongli Town, Wujiang City, Jiangsu Province. It is the main attraction of the ancient town. It was built after Ren Lan abdicated to his hometown in Qing Dynasty. It means "I want to go to the retreat garden when I retire", so I named it the retreat garden. The total area of the retreat garden is nine mu and eight points. This garden has changed the vertical structure of the previous garden into a horizontal structure, with the house on the left, the yard in the middle and the garden on the right.

The whole garden is compact and natural, combined with plants, presenting four seasons scenery, giving people a quiet feeling. The retreat garden is simple and elegant, with more than half of the water surface, and all buildings are close to the water surface. Because the garden floats on the water, it is the only garden building with water in China.

The retreat garden house is divided into two parts: inside and outside. There are three entrances to the outhouse-sedan chair hall (hall), tea hall and Ursa Major Hall, which are arranged along the axis with distinct grades. Waizhai is mainly used for receiving tourists, holding weddings and ancestor worship ceremonies. There are two five-story and five-story horse racing buildings in the inner room, named "Vientiane Building", which are connected by double corridors. There is a ladder under the corridor, which not only protects against the wind and rain, but also separates the master and servant. The inner and outer rooms can be divided and combined, and the layout is compact.

Huanxiu Villa

Huanxiu Mountain Villa is located at No.262, Jingde Road, Suzhou, and is now the Suzhou Embroidery Museum. This garden was originally the former site of Qian's Jingu Garden in the Five Dynasties, and Huanxiu Villa became a private garden in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Now it covers an area of 2 179 square meters, of which the building area is 754 square meters. The landscape is dominated by mountains, supplemented by pool water, and there are not many buildings. Although the garden is small, it is very imposing.

The rockery with lakes and mountains is the largest in China, covering only half an acre. There are cliffs, peaks, caves, valleys, terraces and ramps in the mountains. Dong Chi's main mountain, Chibei Sub-mountain, has a continuous momentum, which is like a mountain, suddenly breaking into a cliff.

At the intersection of ramp and stream, there are several clear streams overlooking the sky. Magnificent and beautiful, just like being in a mountain, the whole mountain has been carefully treated, close to nature, one stone and one seam, and properly explained, which can be viewed from a distance or from a close distance. No wonder it has the reputation of "Jiangnan is unique and unique".

Ouyuan

Ouyuan is located in Xiaoxingang Lane, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province. It is named after the East Garden and the West Garden. Dongyuan was built in the early Qing Dynasty, originally named Sheyuan, and later expanded into the present situation. The gate of the house is in the south, and you can enter the West Garden through the entrance hall, sedan chair hall and the small door on the west wall in front of the hall. The main hall in the garden is an old house with woven curtains and a courtyard in the north and south, all of which are rockeries. There is a library in the northeast corner of the North Courtyard, which is connected with the residential buildings, which embodies the combination of the library and the courtyard. From the residential hall to the east, through the courtyard and small living room, is the East Garden. The East Garden is about twice as big as the West Garden. There is a rockery in the northwest and a pool in the southeast. Qucaotang, the main hall at the north end of the city, is a double-eaved building with three main halls under it and a heavy building above it, adjacent to the residential buildings. It is a rare example of Suzhou gardens. The piling technique of Huangshi rockery in front of the hall is superb. It is divided into two parts: the eastern part is large, and there are stone steps to climb the stone wall of the pool, which is magnificent; The west is small and declining, and the two mountains are "deep valleys".

Horticultural Technology

When visiting Suzhou gardens, the biggest attraction is the application of borrowing scenery and contrasting scenery in China garden design. China gardens pay attention to "changing scenery" and have ingenious designs in scenery arrangement and viewing position, which is the most important feature different from western gardens. China Garden tries to perfectly reproduce the space and structure of the external world in the limited internal space. There are courtyards, pavilions and verandahs in the park, and the internal and external spaces penetrate each other, making it smooth, circulating and flowing. Through the lattice window, the vast natural scenery is condensed into a miniature landscape. Inscriptions can be seen everywhere, adding a rich humanistic atmosphere to the garden. Drops of clear water flow under your feet, reflecting the scenery in the garden, intertwined with reality and reality, bringing the viewer from the tangible real world into the infinite dream space. As far as techniques are concerned, borrowing scenery or putting the beautiful scenery outside the garden into the garden through careful selection and tailoring is called remote borrowing; Or use one scene to set off another scene, which is called borrowing scenery, and so on. This not only makes Suzhou gardens with limited area provide richer landscapes and deeper levels, but also greatly expands the spatial feeling of the appreciators. In the Humble Administrator's Garden "Hongyi Pavilion", you can see the North Temple Tower outside the garden; In the flower window of Canglang Pavilion, you can enjoy the bamboo forest outside the house, which is a common way to borrow scenery. You can find the charm of appreciating gardens in Mr. Ye Shengtao's (8-turn Chinese textbook 2 1).

Artistic thinking

China's gardening art has a deep historical origin with China's literature and painting art, especially influenced by the literati's freehand brushwork landscape painting in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it is a model of literati's freehand brushwork landscape simulation. In the course of its development, China gardens have formed two series: royal gardens and private gardens. The former is concentrated in Beijing and the latter is represented by Suzhou. Due to the differences in political, economic, cultural status and natural geographical conditions, there are obvious differences in scale, layout, volume, style and color. Royal gardens are famous for their grandeur, neatness and richness, while Suzhou gardens are famous for their smallness, freedom, exquisiteness, elegance and freehand brushwork. Because the latter pays more attention to the harmony and unity of culture and art, the royal gardens developed in the later period also absorbed a lot of "freehand brushwork" techniques of private gardens in terms of artistic conception, creative thinking, architectural techniques and humanistic content.

living environment

Suzhou's classical gardens and folk houses are integrated, which can be appreciated, visited and lived. The formation of this architectural form is a creation that human beings attach themselves to nature, pursue harmony with nature, beautify and improve their living environment in a densely populated city lacking natural scenery. Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa are four classical gardens with complete architectural types and well-preserved. They systematically and comprehensively show the layout, structure, shape, style, color, decoration, furniture and furnishings of Suzhou classical garden buildings. They are representative works of Jiangnan folk architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties (14-early 20th century) and reflect this period. It once influenced the architectural style of the whole city in the south of the Yangtze River, and brought the design, conception, layout, aesthetics and construction technology of folk buildings closer to it, reflecting the scientific and technological level and artistic achievements of urban construction at that time. This is a great historical building!

Social culture

An important feature of Suzhou classical garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China traditional thought and culture. It is manifested in the naming, plaque, calligraphy, carving and decoration of the garden hall, as well as the meaning of flowers and trees and the love of stacked stones. It is not only a beautiful art that adorns the garden, but also stores many historical, cultural, ideological and scientific information, material and spiritual contents. Some reflect and spread various philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Some preach the philosophy of life and cultivate noble sentiments; With the help of classical poems and literary works, the landscape is embellished, germinated and rendered, so that people can turn the landscape into feelings in their lives and sightseeing, produce artistic beauty and obtain spiritual satisfaction. The park has a well-preserved collection of calligraphy works by famous calligraphers in China, which is a precious work of art and has high cultural value. In addition, Suzhou Classical Garden, as the first house garden in China, reflects the life style and etiquette of folk living and leaving their relatives in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China, and is the material for understanding and studying the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River in ancient China.

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Garden game

Boutique series

(One-day tour of Suzhou Garden) Depart from Hangzhou Tourism Distribution Center (Huanglong) at 6: 40 in the morning and take the shuttle bus to Suzhou after passing through Zhejiang Exhibition Hall. Follow local tour guides to visit Lion Forest 30 yuan and Panmen Scenic Area 48 yuan. After lunch, visit 35 yuan in the European Garden, 45 yuan in the upper reaches of Gusu River, 20 yuan in Hanshan Temple and 60 yuan in Huqiu (self-care), watch the bamboo weaving performance in the south of the Yangtze River and make purple sand pottery, and end the pleasant trip to Suzhou by bus in the evening.

Travel tips

1.1.2m children are free of charge,1.2m adult tickets (Suzhou Scenic Area does not have children's tickets), and senior citizens over 70 are holding military officers' cards (admission to Suzhou Garden is half price).

2. If the trip is affected by traffic, climate, local reception, etc. Our club will adjust the tour itinerary without reducing the number of scenic spots. Please forgive the tourists then.

3. When you are away from home, safety comes first! Please take good care of your belongings, don't take part in dangerous activities outside the trip, and take good care of the elderly and children.

4. You can change the order of sightseeing spots, allocate cars according to the number of people, and pay for the expenses caused by force majeure.

If the tourists voluntarily give up the trip, there will be no refund. If there are free tickets and discounts, they will be refunded locally at the discount price (non-retail price) of the travel agency.

The Origin of Suzhou Gardens

The Classical Gardens of Suzhou

Ye Shengtao

It is said that there are more than one hundred gardens in Suzhou, and I have been to more than ten. I have also been to some gardens in other places. If you want me to tell you the general situation.

Impression of Suzhou Gardens, I think Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China, and gardens in China are more or less influenced by Suzhou Gardens. Therefore, if anyone wants to appreciate the gardens in China, Suzhou Gardens can't be missed.

Designers and craftsmen are different in adapting to local conditions, ingenuity and success in gardening. But all the gardens in Suzhou have one thing in common. It seems that designers and craftsmen are pursuing the same thing: to ensure that no matter where visitors stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. In order to achieve this goal, they pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision. In short, everything must exist in order to form a perfect picture, and it can't hurt the failure of beauty. They just want visitors to get the aesthetic feeling of "picturesque", and their achievements have realized their wishes. When tourists come to the garden, no one does not think of saying "as in painting" orally.

Most of the buildings in China, from ancient palaces to modern ordinary houses, are symmetrical, no matter what the left side is, so is the right side. Suzhou gardens can never pay attention to symmetry, as if deliberately avoiding it. There are pavilions or cloisters in the East, and there will never be the same pavilions or cloisters in the West. Why is this? I think, for example, with pictures, symmetrical buildings are pattern paintings, not art paintings, and gardens are art paintings. Artistic painting requires natural interest, not symmetry.

There are rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology. Whether it is a mountain or a hill with flowers and trees, it is the life experience of designers and craftsmen and the hills and valleys in their hearts, which makes tourists forget Suzhou City when climbing and only feel that they are in the mountains. As for ponds, most of them refer to running water. Some gardens have spacious ponds, so the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged. If more than two bridges are arranged, they will be the same, not the same. There are few neat stone dikes beside ponds or rivers, and they are always left to their own devices. There are also a few exquisite stones arranged there, or some flowers and plants planted: this is also to achieve the effect of looking at a painting from all angles. Goldfish or carp of various colors are kept in the pond, and lotus flowers or water lilies are in full bloom in summer and autumn. Visitors can see "fish playing between lotus leaves", which is another painting.

Painting is also the main way to plant trees and prune trees in Suzhou gardens. Tall trees and short trees are pitching. Deciduous trees and evergreen trees alternate with each other, and different kinds of flower trees alternate with each other when they bloom, so that you don't feel lonely all year round. There are no pines and cypresses trimmed like pagodas, and there are no roadside trees like parade: because from the aesthetic point of view of Chinese painting, it is not worth taking. Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding and rugged branches are a good painting. When the flowers bloom, they are full of jewels, which makes tourists feel infinite prosperity and joy, but they can't say it.

Visiting Suzhou gardens will inevitably pay attention to flower walls and promenades. Separated by walls and bounded by corridors, there are many levels and the scenery can be seen deeply. However, there are various hollow patterns made of bricks on the walls, and most of the sides of the veranda are borderless. In fact, it is separated but not separated, and the boundary does not exist, thus increasing the depth of the scene. Several gardens have also installed a large mirror in a proper position, which is more hierarchical and almost doubles the whole garden.

Of course, tourists will not ignore another point, that is, Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner of the picture. There are some books with grass beside the steps. The wall is covered with ivy or rosewood. If the window is facing the white wall, it will be too monotonous. Add some bamboo or bananas. And so on, it is nothing more than that visitors can appreciate beauty even if they look at a small part.

The doors and windows, pattern design and carving skills in Suzhou gardens are all top arts and crafts. Generally speaking, those doors and windows are as refined as possible, never vulgar, even if they are simple and ingenious. Four, eight, twelve. Taken together, everyone must admire this is a high degree of pattern beauty. Photographers like these doors and windows very much. They took light and shadow into consideration and took satisfactory photos.

Unlike Beijing, Suzhou gardens rarely use paintings. Most of the beams and columns, as well as the railings of doors and windows, are painted widely, which is a non-dazzling color. The walls are white. Some indoor walls are paved with square bricks in the lower half, with light gray and white as contrast. Roof tiles and eaves are light gray. These colors match the green of the vegetation, which makes people feel quiet and leisurely. When flowers bloom, all kinds of flowers are more vivid.

Of course, you can say more than that, so I won't write much here.