Research on shot-splitting script in animation design

Research on shot-splitting script in animation design

Story board creatively transformed the script into a combination of sound and picture, and told the story with pictures, which is the most important role in the process of animation design. The following is my research on animation design story board for everyone. Welcome to read!

First, the interpretation of animated visual narrative

Animation is a comprehensive and unique art form that combines literature, painting, design, photography, director and other expressions. It is an artistic style with great vitality, creativity and expressiveness. The essence of different things and the right to exist are its particularity, and expressing existence in a way different from other phenomena is the important value of this particularity. Animation narrative, its special characteristics and value are different from literary narrative and film narrative. Animation is the form of painting, or the appearance on a single frame is the narrative style of painting works combined by some shooting techniques of movies. In fact, showing a story is a narrative. Although the ways and means of telling stories have changed, the purpose of storytellers remains the same, that is, to convey information to the audience. Whether the story can leave a deep impression on people depends on whether the storyteller can make the audience feel immersive and seize the audience's attention. In order to achieve this effect, it must be accomplished through the information conveyed by stories and pictures. With the invention and development of television, film, photography and computer, telling stories with images has become a new peak. It is a very important and necessary element to tell stories with images in the pre-production of movies, TV, animation and even advertisements and MTV.

Second, animation is to tell stories with pictures.

Telling stories with pictures existed before human beings invented language, and early rock paintings were a way of communication. This method can even be traced back to the Paleolithic Age about 20,000-30,000 years ago-there was a wild boar in the famous cave mural in altamira, Spain, and its legs and tail were painted several times, which made the still picture dynamic. In fact, these are the earliest visual narratives of animation and the "lens" of animation. The coarse texture of the equally famous Bayeux tapestry describes the tragic history of William the Conqueror's invasion of England, which is amazing so far. We have reason to believe that the Bayeux tapestry is also one of the early "shots". Shot splitting is a tool for pre-design and visual preview of animation production. The key to the visual process lies in story board, who uses the logical continuation of the painting and design process to explain the story. At this stage, the process of visualization is essentially related to narrative, which literally means telling stories with pictures.

In the pre-production stage of any film, the use of split shots is an important means. Whether it is a live-action movie or an animation, the split-shot designer must present the story in a logical narrative order. The production of a shot is to draw a series of sketches and explain every basic scene and every seat setting in the scene. It is an intuitive display of the whole picture of a movie or animation before shooting or production. Remember that a shot-by-shot script is not a simple illustration and reproduction of a script, but a re-creation of a script based on the use of animation language.

Third, the animation lens-the blueprint for animation construction

David Hand, director of the famous animated feature film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, mentioned that when directing animated short films, the initial film plan is the key to a good film. It is clear, what does the director rely on to dominate the overall situation? It is to do a good job in the lens script of the film and make the lens script a blueprint for the construction of an animated film.

Animated story board is the performance preview of an animated actor. Every part of the film is planned in detail in story board stage, including: role modeling, performance, action, rhythm, plot, dialogue, special effects, lens positioning and editing. Story board's production began with the analysis of the dissected script, which was divided into visual segments. It is also a kind of sensory map, which is used to explain, imagine and visualize the script, helping the whole production team to find out the requirements of the script on the angle, spatial orientation, light and movement of the lens to be produced and filmed in the future before the actual shooting, thus providing a blueprint for the final film production. The director will show his creative intention, unique style and artistic conception in story board to shape the content to be expressed. Therefore, story board is the main basis and guarantee for the production team to unify their creative ideas and carry out their work in a planned way. Shot-splitting script is also the basic method to visually preview the story to be told. The first step of the method is to draw a rough concept sketch, then draw a color sketch book, then draw a continuous animation picture, and finally finalize the design. In this way, the relationship of the whole story is clear at a glance. When the script is in place, the visual effect presented to the audience is bound to be wonderful.

Story board is composed of a series of sketches, which are tools and auxiliary tools to transform ideas into the final film language with a series of pictures. Because the most similar visual product to story board is a comic strip with dialogue between cartoon characters, the functions of the two are different, so story board is not an independent art form like comic strip or illustration. Comic strip is an entertaining means, and script is a tool to help animation.

65438+In 1930s, Webb Smith, a famous cartoonist of Disney Company, first used the split-shot script. At the same time, Disney realized and immediately set up an independent department to develop the story. According to the development sequence of the story from beginning to end, Weber Smith fixed all sketches and dialogues on the wall, adjusted the order of shots, and guided the structure of the story to be very smooth. It turns out that story board occupies an indispensable position. After more than ten years, this method has been popularized in film production, and the importance of storyboard (story board) has also been felt in live-action movies. Film directors have also begun to use split-shot scripts to draw detailed action plots and special effects scenes to predict their film effects. Nowadays, the digital revolution seems to inject new vitality into the film industry, but story board is still indispensable. For example, Pirates of the Caribbean, The Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter, Avatar, Ice Age and other masterpieces all present the film's appearance in the form of story board.

The whole process of animation creation consists of three parts: pre-creation, mid-production and post-production, which are mutually inherited, interlocked and promoted. The work in the early, middle and late stages is indispensable, and we should work together to ensure the output of high-quality cartoons.

Fourth, the language of animation script

(a) the lens and scenery. Mardam, a French film theorist, repeatedly emphasized that pictures are the basic elements of film language. The "picture" here refers to a "lens" picture or a "movie" picture, which is different from a "painting" picture. The most basic unit of film and television works is the lens, which refers to the pictures taken continuously from one angle. In other words, you get a new lens from the camera's startup to shooting, until it's turned off. If the camera position is changed in order to obtain a new viewpoint, this is also a new lens. ? Scenery is an understanding of the position and spatial relationship of characters from a two-dimensional plane, and it is an important form to complete the space shaping of video audio-visual pictures. Scene is one of the basic lens units of audio-visual language, which refers to the scope of the subject in the picture. The rational use of scenes is the guarantee of the success of artistic cartoon style display and narrative. The scene of the picture depends on two factors: the distance between the camera and the object being photographed and the length of the focal length of the lens used. Different scenes will produce different projections and different feelings in people's physiology and psychology. There is no very strict boundary in the division of scenes, and animation and real movies are basically the same in the classification of scenes. According to the sight distance, it is generally divided into distant view, panoramic view, middle view, close view and close-up.

(2) lens angle and axis. The shooting angle is "the viewpoint of the camera when shooting, that is, the shooting position of the picture is determined by observing and selecting the camera viewfinder when composing". The choice of lens angle directly affects the composition of screen plastic arts. The viewing angle not only affects the audience's view of the role, but also affects the presentation of the scene. When the director focuses on a certain angle in the animation script, it will form a visual dominant style, which will affect the narrative content and modeling style of the whole film in the whole visual effect. The lens angle usually creates a picture full of dramatic tension, adding movement to the picture. Generally speaking, we will be divided into three categories: horizontal angle, overlooking and looking up. The axis is a virtual line used to determine the position of the actor on the screen. In the process of creating a shot script, in order to realize the smoothness and coherence of the shot, the most important factor is the direction of the screen-the moving direction of the shot on the screen.

(3) Action shots. Moving lens refers to the TV picture taken by moving the camera, rotating the optical axis of the lens or zooming when shooting continuous pictures. The movement change of lens mainly refers to the change of camera position, which is generally divided into push lens, pull lens, push-pull lens, pan lens, follow lens, traverse lens, lift lens and comprehensive motion lens.

(4) composition. Composition is an "inaudible melody". Let the picture speak, let the picture play a more beautiful and moving melody, which is more in line with the characteristics of the film. Picture is the basis of film composition, and the images in the film are surrounded by the frame of the screen. The word composition comes from Latin, which means composition, structure and connection. Borrowing photography refers to the complete creative process from material selection, conception to modeling. That is, thinking process and organizational embodiment process. The picture is an extremely complex symbol, and elements such as lines, shapes, shapes, textures and scales all interpret meaning in the composition. A more straightforward explanation refers to the layout and composition of photos. It is to consciously arrange the objects to be expressed in the picture according to the requirements of theme and content, and express the photographer's intention. The purpose of composition is to enhance the expressive force of the picture, better express the content of the picture, and make the theme clear and the form novel and unique.

(5) rhythm. The rhythm of the film is caused by various factors that can constitute its movement, such as the length of time and space change, disease, strength, dynamic and static laws and so on. However, we should not look at this problem from the surface. It is by no means composed of various formal factors, but the result of the interaction of many factors, such as internal essence and external phenomena. The rhythm of the film is related to the content and form of the film, restricted by them, composed of them and changing with them. If you want to leave these to find a pure but abstract rhythm, you can't get it. Richter said: "Create the rhythm of common objects in time and space and show the beauty of their shapes." And this "beauty of modeling" is the embodiment of a sense of rhythm.

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