Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - Camera inventor? The development of cameras? The first camera in the world.

Camera inventor? The development of cameras? The first camera in the world.

Daguerre, a scientist, announced that he had invented the silver plate photography, which gave birth to the world's first portable wooden box camera. 184 1 year, optician Vogeland invented the first all-metal camera. The camera is equipped with the world's first photographic lens with the maximum phase aperture of 1: 3.4 designed by mathematical calculation. 1845 german von? Martens invented the first turning point in the world that can translate 150. 1849 David? Brewster invented a stereo camera and a two-lens stereo viewfinder. 186 1 year, physicist Maxwell invented the world's first color photo. 1866, German chemist Short and optical scientist Arjun invented barium crown optical glass in Zeiss Company and produced positive photographic lens, which made the design and manufacture of photographic lens develop rapidly. 1888 Kodak company produced a new type of photosensitive material-soft and windable "film". This is a leap in photosensitive materials. In the same year, Kodak invented the world's first portable cassette camera with film. 1906 American George? Sheila used the flash for the first time. 19 13 German Oscar? Barnes developed the world's first 135 camera. From 1839 to 1924, in the first stage of the development of this camera, some novel button-shaped and pistol-shaped cameras also appeared. From 1925 to 1938 is the second stage of camera development. During this period, German companies such as Leeds, Lorelei and Zeiss developed and produced dual-lens and single-lens reflex cameras with small volume and aluminum alloy body. At this stage, the performance of the camera is gradually improved and perfected, optical viewfinder, rangefinder and self-timer are widely used, and the adjustment range of mechanical shutter is constantly expanding. The camera manufacturing industry began to mass-produce cameras, and camera manufacturers from all over the world copied Leica and Lorofi cameras one after another. The sensitivity, resolution and tolerance of black and white photographic film are constantly improving; The popularization of color photographic film has made the photographic team expand rapidly and move towards specialization. After 1939, it is the third stage of camera development. In the first half of this stage, that is, before the 1960s, the quality of black-and-white and color films was further improved, and the optical industry produced new optical glasses containing rare elements such as lanthanum, titanium and cadmium. So as to better correct the aberration of the photographic lens, and the lens develops rapidly in the direction of large aperture and various focal lengths. So there are many kinds of photographic lenses, such as zoom, emblem distance, catadioptric and wide angle. Single-layer coating of lenses has been widely used. The camera has the structure of automatic reset of counter, automatic reset of mirror, semi-automatic and full-automatic contraction of aperture, etc. The quality and output of cameras began to develop rapidly. From the early 1960 s to the present, it is the late stage of the third stage. During this period, Liu Xiaoxi Photography Company of Japan produced the world's first self-sustaining focusing camera-Konica C35A 135 camera, and then Japan produced the world's first double-priority automatic exposure camera-Minolta XDG 135 single-lens reflex camera. There is a precedent that a camera has multiple exposure functions. During this period, the theory of optical transfer function entered the field of optical design, and a photographic lens with high imaging quality, good color reproduction, large aperture and small distortion appeared. At the same time, the lenses have also developed into a series, from fisheye lenses with a focal length of several millimeters to super telephoto lenses with a focal length of 2 meters, as well as photographic lenses such as angle adjustment, zoom badge distance and night vision. Electronic technology has gradually penetrated into the camera, and various photometry, high-precision electronic mirror shutter, electronic focal plane shutter and easy-to-control electronic selfie have appeared one after another. Various functions, such as exposure compensation, memory storage, multiple recording functions, electric film rolling, automatic focusing and so on, are applied more and more beautifully, and the degree of automation, miniaturization and portability have reached an unprecedented height. With the development of high technology, all kinds of new cameras for quality evaluation are constantly coming out, thus providing excellent equipment for the creation of photographic art. According to relevant data, the "July 1st" license camera trial-produced by Tianjin Public-Private Camera Factory was given to the Party as a birthday gift on June 28th, 1956, the eve of the 35th anniversary of China's birth. It is the earliest camera in the new China camera industry. Tianjin public-private camera factory was established in April 1956. It is a camera factory merged by Pinghe machinery repair shop and several small private factories, which was founded in June 1946. Qiyi brand camera is based on Mamiya six 120 folding camera. Except the lens optical glass, all the other 480 parts of the machine are made of domestic raw materials. The trial production took only 54 days, and two "July 1st" prototypes were manufactured. On July 2nd, 1956, Tianjin Daily reported: "The self-made Qiyi brand folding camera (120) was successfully trial-produced in the public-private joint venture Tianjin Camera Factory on June 30th. More than 480 parts of this camera are made of domestic raw materials except the optical glass of the lens. At the end of 1956, Qiyi license camera began to be put into production, but unfortunately, it was stopped after only about 40 cameras were produced. There are very few surviving samples at present. Beijing Dalai precision machinery factory successfully trial-produced the prototype of Dalai brand 135 head-up framing in 1955, but it was announced in 1956 after the factory was jointly owned by the public and the private. According to the convention published in the first news report, the "July 1st" brand camera should be the first camera in the new China camera industry.