Overview of Banqiao Zhongsi Ancient Temple in Huichuan District, Zunyi City

Originally named Yunlong Temple, Zhongsi Temple is located in Tanjiawan Formation, Zhongsi Village, Banqiao, Huichuan District, Zunyi City. It used to be a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Guizhou, but it has been damaged. There is a monument in the temple called "Yung San Jia Yunlong Temple, which was built in the Ming Dynasty". On the right side of the stone fence in the front hall and the middle hall, an ancient poem said: "Expanding the concept of road scale will be re-published tomorrow, and there will be leisure places, such as Fu Youqin's talk under the moon. In Zunyi County Records, Yunlong Temple is located in Yong 'an Mountain, 80 miles north of the city, also known as Zhongsi. Yunlong Temple was built in the late Ming Dynasty and perfected in the early Qing Dynasty. After liberation, it was used as a school, township government, commune and hospital. , failed to get proper protection. Since 1978, government agencies and units have moved out one after another, and the temples are uninhabited. The pottery pot factory was built in 1976, which aggravated the destruction of the temple. Now there are only ruins left.

The middle hall is built on the front slope surrounded by mountains in the intermountain basin, with magnificent momentum. In the early years, the surrounding trees were towering, the bushes were overgrown, the bamboo was trimmed very thick, and the bamboo in front of the temple was like the sea. Today, this ancient Chinese fir still stands for a hundred years. Cangshan stands behind the temple, and the ancient temple is hidden in a green wave, and the environment is very quiet.

The stone ladder on the front of the temple is located at the foot of the mountain opposite the current Zhongsi Primary School. A 4-meter-wide stone staircase climbs 72 steps to Xiaoshikan in front of the mountain, and then passes through 1 1 steps to reach the mountain gate. Qiantang stone steps are 23, 4 106, plus the overlapping stones of Xiaoshiba and Qiandianbazi.

The mountain gate is a wooden building with protruding eaves and resting on the top of the mountain. The width of the three rooms is 14.6 meters. Because the terrain layout is not on the central axis of the temple, it is 20 degrees southeast. Four archways on the upper floor are carved with four gods, and eight archways on the lower floor are carved with birds and animals. In the attic of the Jade Emperor, the Jade Emperor sat on the pavilion, with two generals standing on both sides. The Lingguan downstairs guarded the gate with a whip, with Chuanzu on the left and Black God on the right. Various patterns and patterns are carved around the pavilion.

Entering the front yard, the bell tower and drum tower stand symmetrically in the front hall. They all have protruding eaves, four walls and spires. There are small porch windows, arc rings and flower galleries upstairs, which are habitable. The lower floor is equipped with drum tower, and there is 16 lion carving arch under the wing angle. The carving skill is very exquisite. There are two fund-raising activities under the Bell and Drum Tower: the 12th year of Daoguang (1832) and the 16th year of Daoguang (1836).

The front hall was built on the foundation of stone platform, with 54 rooms with a width of 32.55 meters and 4 rooms with a depth of 10.6 meters on the left and right. Height 10 meter, surrounded by cloisters in front and back. This is a wooden temple with a still mountain. On the forehead of the eaves, there is a large woodcut of "Two Dragons Grab the Treasure", which is a transparent sculpture and is appraised as a rare treasure by experts. On the beam of the Ming corridor in the rear area, there is a long scroll of "Battle Map", carved with 35 warriors and 8 war horses, with walls and swords. There are animal-shaped arches on the pillars in front of and behind the temple. There is a patio between the front hall and the back hall, all paved with bluestone slabs. The front hall faces the mountain gate, with several statues arranged, and the back hall faces the giant Buddha. Under the seat is the innocent five-ancestor teacher in Beizhen.

There are three vertical pedals in the center and sides of the patio to climb the back hall. There are attached halls on the north and south sides of the courtyard, which are the same height as the front hall. There are six relief patterns in the corridor of the annex hall, and the back hall is a double-eave mountain type, with a width of 32 meters and a depth of 14 meters. On the foreheads of the two pillars in front of the temple, there is a large-scale long-scroll woodcut of "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea, Water and Golden Man Mountain", which is a fine sculpture. There are four supporting archways (wood carvings) on the eaves column in front of the temple, among which "Li Cun Sha Tuo Ban Shi" is engraved on the left, "Guan Yunchang went to the meeting with a single knife" is engraved on the right, and "Golden Married Couple" is engraved in the middle. Other carvings are also very beautiful.

There are exquisite stone carvings in the back hall, front hall and stone fence in front of the mountain gate, which is a rare moment in the province.

On both sides of the 72nd stone steps at the foot of the mountain, there are stone statues of men and women standing. There is a stone fence in front of Xiaoshiba, which is 1. 1 m long. 65,438+02 The head of the table is carved with images of lions, monkeys, elephants, unicorns, four elephants and rhinoceroses, and there are relief patterns on the stone niches. Among them, a rhinoceros is looking at the moon, and its pattern and various animal heads are facing the mountain gate.

The front stone fence is Sumitomo-shaped, with gold and silver patterns carved up and down in a continuous Wan Ziwen, with lotus flowers sandwiched between it, which is vivid and rich. There are six large-scale hollowed-out reliefs and carved bluestones at the waist of the stone fence beam, such as "fishing, firewood, ploughing, reading, drinking and fighting", which are exquisite in skills and are masterpieces of the Ming Dynasty. There are also six square observation columns, and the front of each column is engraved with poetry couplets. The picture shows Wild Deer Belling, Butterflies Beating Peony, Magpie Making Plums, and Demon Hoof |.

There is a row of horizontal carvings 14m high and1.65,438+0m high in the stone fence of Houdian abutment. 10 sentry posts are round stone carvings such as arhat, unicorn, lion monkey and four elephants, and the front of the sentry post is ancient poetry and couplets. There are 65,438+00 niches in this column. There are large murals such as Asahi, Golden Lion, White Horse Crossing the River (also known as Liu Tiao Tan Xi), Golden Rooster Pudu Zhongsheng (also known as Han Xiangzi Du Wengong), and a Tang poem "Meditation after Broken Mountain Temple". In front of the temple, there are two carved stone carvings on the stone fences on both sides of the trail. Looking up at the sky, the lion on the ground climbs on a stone drum.

There is a stone water tank on display in the north of the courtyard, which is engraved with "Long live the monument building". Zunyi County Records: "The monk made another stone plate, making it look like a carp yue longmen, exquisite and unique. Longkou opens a pearl in his mouth, and the winner is more alive than Zhu. " On the stone jar, the dragon hovers in the clouds, with scales exposed, the faucet in the middle and the torrent at the bottom. Carps bend and jump in the river, making a shape of Yuelongmen, and the Zhenjiang seven-level pagoda on the riverside stands like a hollow sculpture.

Legend has it that there is also a lifelike stone dragon in the temple. Because there was no place to put it, it was placed in the bamboo forest next to the temple and buried for a long time.

After the collapse of the Central Temple, Zunyi County transported the stone carvings on the pillars of the front and rear halls to Yangcanji, Huangfenzui, Shenxi Town, Honghuagang District, Zunyi City for preservation. Today, there are two rows of stone carvings on the left and right sides of the gate of Huangfenmen. At present, only the temple building foundation is well preserved, and a century-old ancient fir stands still.

20 12 1 1 year 10. In order to protect the cultural relics of the ancient temple, local villagers voluntarily excavated the site of the ancient temple of Zhongsi, expecting units, departments or individuals with the ability and financial resources to invest in restoring the ancient temple, developing rural tourism and promoting the local economy while protecting the cultural heritage.