Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - It's time to break all illusions about crop circles.
It's time to break all illusions about crop circles.
Our investigation began with a famous crop circle, that is Arecibo crop circle (this should be the most famous crop circle, I will analyze it from a scientific point of view first, and the truth will be completely clarified at the end of the article). 1974, SETI, the official organization looking for aliens, sent a signal to the M 13 cluster, which is a set of basic information of our human beings written in binary.
20 1 1 A crop circle was found in the wheat field in front of Arecibo Observatory, which was suspected to be an alien's response to SETI, and it also contained corresponding modules, but it was replaced by alien information.
There are many materials to interpret this information, so I won't interpret them one by one. When I was studying this crop circle, I found a very interesting phenomenon, that is, even in the circle of crop circle lovers, I basically agree that this crop circle is fake, and the attitude of the craziest crop circle lovers is not sure whether it is true or not. I'm a little surprised that people who like to study crop circles think it's amazing.
After further searching, I found that when this crop circle first appeared, many crop circle lovers were crazy, and countless people asked SETI to respond, and SETI really responded. SETI published a rumor in official website, which means SETI agrees that this crop circle is false and gives the following reasons.
If aliens receive our electromagnetic signals, if they want to respond, let's think about how aliens will respond. I think there is a high probability that aliens will respond to us with electromagnetic waves. Is it possible to draw a picture in our wheat field to respond to us?
Aliens in Hollywood movies always look particularly human, but when we go to the zoo, we will know how low the probability is. These animals share so much DNA with us. After millions of years of evolution, they look very different from humans. Then why are distant aliens so similar to us?
The signal of 1973 was sent to the M 13 cluster, which has hundreds of planets, and the M 13 cluster is 25,000 light years away from the earth, so they didn't receive the signal at all. Some people say that it is possible that the signals we send are intercepted by aliens in other galaxies and then sent back to us. Scientists tell us that it is impossible, why is it impossible? The Arecibo signal is 2380Mhz, and its width is about 2 arc minutes, which is about one fifteenth of the diameter of the moon, which means that it is a very narrow group of signals.
So you may not know. For example, let's shoot an arrow in a space. There are some ping-pong balls hanging in the space. Each ping-pong ball is several kilometers apart. Is it possible to hit a ping-pong ball in the first second when we shoot an arrow? The answer is possible, but the probability is one in 500,000, which is very important, because this is a quantitative analysis and does not depend on any other crop circle hypothesis.
Crop circles show the same biological information as Arecibo's. Although dna seems to have an extra strand and some different numbers of nucleotides, crop circles also show that aliens are silicon-based life. Although the concept of silicon-based life is very popular in science fiction, silicon is very poor at making complex molecules needed for life. How can the biology of aliens be so similar to ours? Even the moving spiral dna molecules are the same? Like us humans, aliens use the same amount of sugar and alkali to construct their dna. The most important loophole is that these so-called silicon-based aliens do not even have silicon in the dna molecular formula of crop circles.
Carl sagan is an astronomer and the initiator of Arecibo Signal Project. Faced with these pseudo-scientific theories flying all over the sky, he summed up a set of methodology, which can eliminate the false and retain the true. This theory is baloney detection kit, which means nonsense. The supernatural theory of crop circles failed the Bowie test in carl sagan. We won't start the whole Bowie test today. This methodology is a bit complicated. I wrote this methodology in my last article, entitled "9 steps+1 tool to make you an understanding person who can find effective information". Interested friends can have a look.
The above five points are the explanations given by SETI officials. Seeing this, some friends may think that what you said is logical analysis, but I disagree. I won't agree as long as you can't find the counterfeiter and the process of counterfeiting. Some friends may think that you say that this crop circle is fake, but it doesn't prove that other crop circles are fake. There is still so much evidence. Have you seen the video of crop circles forming? How do you explain the straw bending and bursting? Don't worry, our investigation is still going on.
Next, let's look at the evidence of the so-called first crop circle. Many people think that this woodcut of 1678 is the proof of the first crop circle.
In fact, this woodcut was just a folklore at that time, called "the devil of harvest". In the story, an English farmer told his workers that I would rather pay the devil to harvest the wheat field than pay you, and the devil in the middle is Satan. The source of this story is clear, and the story itself is not mysterious at all. And we can clearly see that this is obviously harvesting wheat, which does not correspond to our current crop circles.
So if the first crop circle was not discovered at 1678, when was the first crop circle discovered? Many people say it's Australia in 1966. 1966, it is said that an Australian farmer saw a flying saucer. When the farmer wanted to walk into the area where the UFO appeared, he found a rough circle on the ground. At that time, this report focused more on flying saucers than crop circles. But then crop circles caught fire, and many crop circle lovers regarded this period as crop circles.
Let's get rid of UFOs. Is it really amazing that a very rough circle appears in the wheat field? Many local residents said that this kind of rough circle is actually very common and can be seen in wet seasons, which is usually caused by cyclones.
In fact, the very regular crop circles first appeared at the end of1970s, and reached its peak from 1980 to 1990 in 1970s. Until 199 1, two Englishmen, Doug Bower and Dave Chorley, came forward to talk about the former farmland. And in front of reporters and these crazy crop circle lovers, they made crop circles directly. I believe many people know this, so I won't go into details. Let's go straight to the part where you have questions.
In fact, the two of them never said that they were responsible for crop circles all over the world. Their original words were "From 1978 to 1987, they made more than 200 crop circles in Britain, and another 1000 was imitated by other followers.
If you think the crop circles they made in 199 1 are crooked, do you think the crop circles that Bauer made alone in 1994 are crooked? You know, it only took him 15 minutes to make this. If you think this crop circle is crooked, take a look at the real crop circle shot 199 1 years ago. Is it crooked?
Crucially, the two of them also provided many crop circles that have never been discovered. 1993 They provided 6 photos of crop circles taken by 1980, and then provided 4 photos. These crop circles were taken away as souvenirs after production, and these crop circles were never discovered by the media and the public before publication.
This video was first circulated in August 1996, 1 1. A man named John Willie claimed to have taken this video this morning. Later, it was discovered that John Willie's real name was actually John Wabe, and he worked in a photography studio called Bristol. Later, John Wabe himself publicly admitted that this video was fabricated by him and belonged to crop circle lovers.
It really took me some time to find out this question, but fortunately I found the answer. Before publishing the answer, I want to ask my friends who believe in crop circles. Do you know the origin of this statement? Who proposed it? Where is it published? Who supports it? I don't think most of my friends know. We just absorb stories from other materials and accept them all.
Moreover, I have carefully collected, verified and sorted out the information, so I hope that you will not insult and attack me because I have different views on your previous stories. However, if I have verified any mistakes in the data, I still welcome you to point them out and we can discuss them rationally.
Ok, I'm going to announce the answer. This straw study comes from these three people. These three people have published three articles about this crop circle.
Not only the problem of straw, but also the problem of magnetic field radiation, these arguments all come from their research. Before analyzing the article, let's look at who these three people are.
The three of them run a crop circle business company called BLT. In other words, the three of them make money from crop circles. They will not only organize visits to crop circles, but also pay for appearances at various crop circle meetings and even accept donations from fans directly. The person in charge of the company is levengood, the first author of these articles. He claimed to have a doctorate, but it was later discovered that he didn't have one. Their three so-called "three" articles.
Let's start with Science Exploration magazine. This magazine specializes in pseudoscience. You can search this magazine and get a general idea of what it is about. In other words, this magazine is not an academic magazine and has no peer review. It is a magazine that can publish articles to make money, that is to say, their research content has not been supported by any peer experts and scholars at all.
The journal Plant Natural Science is indeed an academic magazine, but there is also a fact that levengood himself and his articles published in this magazine are the only authors and articles that have been removed from this magazine in the past century. That is to say, not only these articles published by levengood were rejected by this magazine, but levengood himself was also removed from this magazine, and it is impossible to publish articles in this magazine in the future.
Let's put all this aside. Let's put aside their background and purpose with the kindest heart and look at the content of this study without the support of other scholars. If the content of other people's research is true, how can we deny other people's research results based on their background? Ok, let's continue to investigate and see what the straw is all about.
Let's start with their research methods. Indeed, some colleagues pointed out that their research could not be called research at all. For example, there is no double-blind experiment, no suitable control group and no strict logical chain. I won't talk about the specific experimental details here. Let's continue to look at the content of the study. How is the straw bending and bursting? Therefore, Debbie Sparks, a professor in the field of agriculture at Nottingham University, studied this phenomenon. It turns out that the falling wheat will gradually grow to the sun under the influence of phototaxis after making crop circles, and the only turning point of wheat growth to the sun is not the knot of wheat. In fact, the reason is as simple as that.
It doesn't matter if some people don't believe it. I'll find evidence for you. In Edmonton, Canada, in 2000, due to the continuous stormy weather, wheat fields fell in a large area, that is, all wheat fell. The researchers found that these lodging phenomena are the same as the so-called straw bending and bursting phenomenon in crop circles, which is caused by the phototaxis of fallen wheat. This evidence is enough to form a complete logical chain.
Finally, let's discuss a question. Are these exquisite, huge and complicated graphics really impossible for human beings? Many literature experiments have actually given the answer. A compass, a rope, a few people can complete a huge crop circle in a few hours. Can you believe it? Let me give you two more examples.
1,1In July 1996, one of the most complex and spectacular crop circles in the world appeared in Britain, crossing a highway and passing through the mysterious Stonehenge monument. This is a very magical fractal pattern, which was later proved to be made by three people in three hours.
2. On June 5438+065438+ 10, 2000, a British farmer found a huge crop circle in his farmland and called the police. The police quickly found the person who made the crop circle, named matthew williams, and fined Matthew 100. It can be said that this Matthew was the first person to be convicted of making crop circles. Why is it so easy to find this Matthew? Because Matthew posted the whole manufacturing process on the Internet after making crop circles, a complete three-hour video showed eleven people, using posts, tapes, templates, ropes, rollers and pre-designed drawings to complete a huge crop circle. There are hundreds of circles in crop circles. Matthew did this because he saw the net. The alien was bored, so he got one himself, which proved that human beings are fully capable of doing this. Later, some people questioned that it was done during the day, but they got another one at night. The most complex graphics have been proved, and human beings are fully capable of doing it. What other graphics can't be done by humans?
Even if the part of data collection ends here, I met two very common comments when collecting these materials. Let me explain these two questions again.
This phenomenon is called ghost in crop circles. According to the information I collected, this phenomenon will still occur in crop circles that are known to be man-made. But in order to explain this problem more clearly, let's further study how this phenomenon is caused. After my search, I found that this so-called ghost can be divided into two categories. The first crop circle becomes greener and the second crop circle becomes darker. Say it one by one.
The first kind of ghost is a part of crop circles that will become greener. This ghost was usually shot in 10 after harvesting wheat that year. For example, this crop circle was made in July, and this ghost was taken after harvesting in 10. The reason of the first kind of ghost is that the seeds on the fallen wheat or rape flowers fall into the soil. When the wheat field or rape field is harvested, the seeds falling into the soil will germinate again in 10.
The shooting time of the second kind of ghost is usually in the summer of the following year. The second kind of ghost is mainly caused by the change of soil structure. Because the fallen wheat accumulates on the ground for a long time, the accumulated wheat fields will rot together with rainwater and irrigation water, which will breed many fungi and diseases and destroy the soil structure. So in the second year, the crops in the original crop circle will grow weaker than other crops and eventually grow shorter.
Corresponding to these so-called ghosts is extremely common in the eyes of agricultural and forestry experts and even ordinary farmers. The second kind of ghost often appears in the wheat fields after storms and typhoons. In fact, such so-called ghosts will also appear in our lives, such as putting a children's swimming pool on the grass. After a summer, ghosts will appear on the grass the next year. For example, when camping in the wild, this phenomenon will still occur in the tent area, so this is not a magical sign.
Influenced by British crop circles, there are also two crazy crop circle lovers in the United States, Michael Kraus and Marshall Dudley. The two brothers set up an organization in the United States called North American Circle, which specializes in crop circles. 199 1 year, they collected some samples from six crop circles and found that two of them were radioactive. So I wrote an article to talk about it. Although this article was written in the form of a paper, it was never published in an academic magazine, and finally published on the website of the ufo Research Foundation.
In order to further investigate the radioactive problem, the two brothers made an Argus plan, but they were trapped in financial problems, so they raised about $34,000 in donations through NAC. 1992, they went to England to investigate the radioactivity of crop circles. Results No radioactive traces were found in all crop circles investigated in this survey.
However, among crop circle lovers, regardless of the results of the second investigation, they always insisted that the results of the first investigation were true, and began to publicize that the real crop circles were radioactive, without mentioning that radioactivity had never been found in crop circles investigated later.
Some friends may still have questions, so why are the two crop circles radioactive for the first time? Is this the difference between real crop circles and fake crop circles? Some scholars have studied this problem, but because there is no way to obtain first-hand information, they can only put forward some possible analyses.
The following are scholars' guesses.
As we all know, radioactive detection cannot be carried out locally, so it is necessary to take samples in crop circles and send them to specific places by plane. In their first investigation report, it was revealed that there was a big problem in the preservation of their samples, which was probably caused by sample contamination during transportation, because the two groups of radioactive crop circles in the experiment were transported as goods in the cargo area, while the non-radioactive control group samples were transported with passengers in the passenger compartment, which means that some scholars discussed the possibility of sample contamination during flight. There are many professional analysis involved here, so I don't know much about it. In short, this is the complete story of crop circle radioactivity. Do you still think the radioactivity of crop circles is amazing?
In fact, there are many so-called mysterious phenomena in crop circles, but not many scientists are really willing to take them seriously. For example, some people claim that when he walked into crop circles, the barking of the dogs he brought became very different. Some people claim that when he walked into crop circles, the time of his watch suddenly slowed down by three minutes, and so on. Do you think it is necessary to study these phenomena?
In fact, the crop circles written back by Arecibo and the crop circles of aliens riding UFOs have been clearly known by the author. The author is a British crop circle manufacturing team named blackproject, which is a famous crop circle manufacturing team in Britain. The team includes Matt Lawrence and Martin McKinney, who started in the 1990s. Influenced by Doug and Dave revealing the secrets of crop circles, they began to make crop circles on a large scale. Different from the latter, the team of blackproject not only makes crop circles, but also takes commercial orders. Blackproject official website also recorded every crop circle they made. They also sold some crop circles around them, such as mugs and T-shirts, including Arecibo's reply and alien CDs.
Some friends wanted to say, they said they did it, so they did it? Don't worry, I have other evidence. These two crop circles are actually commercial propaganda works in cooperation with Disney Company. The Disney film Signs is a film about crop circles, which was released in the United States on August 2, 2002 and in Britain on September 6, 2009 +03. In order to promote this film, Disney cooperated with the blackproject team to create these two crop circles. This crop circle in alien ufo was made on August 18, 2002, and this crop circle in Arecibo's reply was made on August 22, 2002. It can be said that these two crop circles earned enough attention at that time. Colin Andrews, the commercial consultant of Disney film, also confirmed the news in August 20 19, and displayed a large number of contracts and commercial documents. In fact,
I know many people are interested in this kind of information, and I used to be like this. If someone tells me that all this is false, it will be like breaking my dream, and I can't accept it. But as more and more strange stories become more and more magical, my curiosity will drive me to clarify this matter. Maybe I'll look for related books or simply search online. I hope you can also broaden your access to knowledge here.
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