The idea of shooting the manuscript.

After mastering the themes, we have to process and sort them out. The essence of this working process is to conceive a shot. The following key points should be grasped when conceiving a shot: 1. Conceive the overall structure and adjust the paragraphs.

When writing a shot-by-shot manuscript, there is no need to simply divide the picture content into "shots" in the order of the text manuscript. According to the teaching principles or the expression of TV skills, the overall structure and paragraphs can be adjusted appropriately.

2. Conceive the lens group in the paragraph.

Referring to the written manuscript, consider the lens groups to be used in each paragraph and the relationship between the lens groups one by one, and form a paragraph through each lens group to explain a certain teaching content.

3. Split the shot in your mind.

After the lens group is determined, it is necessary to divide each lens group into shots in your mind and how to combine these shots to explain a problem or express a certain meaning. Of course, when dividing the lens, we should divide it according to the above basis.

In this way, the whole TV teaching material is shown with one lens. When writing a shot-by-shot manuscript, we should make more efforts on the key points and difficulties of the teaching materials, and make full use of typical themes, TV animations and special effects to break through the difficulties and key points.

1. Use a typical theme.

When designing a shot, we should use some typical themes to get the theme, which requires the director to be familiar with the teaching content and have rich knowledge and life experience.

2. Use TV animation.

Television animation is vivid and abstract, and it has a strong expressive force in explaining the process of movement change in natural science. If we can successfully use animation to explain the key issues, it will have a good teaching effect. (working principle animation)

3. Use TV stunts.

Such as shooting stunts, electronic stunts, editing stunts, etc. When conceiving, we should make full use of these TV special effects to serve the presentation of teaching content. When designing sub-shots, directors should also make full use of the expressive techniques of film and television art to enhance the expressive force of TV teaching materials. The artistry mentioned here refers to the unique artistry of film and television, including the artistic form and expression of film and television.

(1) art form

In terms of artistic form, the preparation of the shooting draft should start from six aspects: "shape, sound, light, color, beauty and music", and strive to strengthen the artistic effect of science and education films.

Form refers to the image of the picture content. The image should be vivid, novel, dynamic and harmonious, beautiful in shape, strong in three-dimensional sense and strong in texture.

Sound refers to explanation and sound effect. The explanation should be concise and smooth, the words should be accurate and beautiful, and it should be catchy and elegant.

"Full of sound and emotion" is often the main commendatory term when people comment on the artistry of TV or movies.

Light refers to light and its various effects. Light is a unique part of photography art forms such as television and movies. Backlight, halo, halo, light modeling, light change, light tone and light perspective all give the audience extremely touching artistic enjoyment, and the director should take the effect of light into account when conceiving.

Color means color. Color can not only accurately express the attributes of objects in hue, but also create charming artistic effects in hue, chromaticity and color. Attention should be paid to the application of the artistic characteristics of color TV and color film when writing the split-shot manuscript.

Beauty refers to art, which has a wide meaning. From the perspective of TV and movies, it mainly emphasizes makeup, scenery and animation. The director should put forward clear and expert requirements in art, grasp and predict the final artistic effect, and try to pay attention to the unity of artistic effect and real effect.

Music is music. The director should consider the use of music from the theme and content form when writing the sub-shot manuscript. Whether to use it, how to use it and what music to use should be considered from the overall artistic effect. Proper music selection can greatly enhance the artistic appeal of the film, and the director must also pay full attention to it.

(2) Expression skills

Many expressions of film and television also reflect the artistry of film and television. The director should be familiar with these expressions and use them correctly and skillfully to enhance the artistry of the film.

When using various expression techniques (such as composition techniques and shooting techniques, etc.). ), pay attention to one thing, can't abuse. For example, every movie has a slow motion in which you chase after me, called falling behind; Shake the camera aimlessly, push hard and pull fast. This is called abuse. These should be taken as a warning, and attention should be paid when writing the sub-lens manuscript.

The valuable experience of some excellent science and education films is worth learning and paying attention to when using various expression techniques. The following are some experiences and common sense in using expression skills:

(1) consciously use composition techniques to describe the content of the picture, including the arrangement of the subject and the companion, the arrangement of the up, down, left, right, front and back positions of the scene on the picture, the treatment of the field of vision (through the performance of the scene) and the change of the lens (through the performance of shooting skills) and so on. You can even directly use drawing to replace the text content of the picture, which is popular in the working manuscripts of domestic TV teaching films and worth popularizing in China.

(2) Don't pay attention to the change of the scene, and don't always have a series of intermediate scenes in the west half of the scene. The scenery hasn't changed. Let the audience see a similar spatial range for a long time and feel "flat". No ups and downs, slow pace. In this case, the film jargon is called "two and a half shots" and "Latin film". The change of scenery should pay attention to gradual change, from close-up to distant view, or from distant view to close-up and close-up. The former is called backward landscape change, and the latter is called forward landscape change. These formal expressions should be included in the manuscript, used by me and used by the theme to enhance the artistic effect.

③ Push, pull, shake, move and be flexible in skill application. Generally speaking, from the artistic point of view, the content of the picture is some static scenery, so we can consider using the skill of lens movement change; The content of the picture is something that moves and changes by itself or a subtle object, so you can consider using a fixed lens. This is also an expression contrast.

(4) When writing, we should consider the technique of lens combination. When shooting, the division of shots, the combination of shots and the way of combination should be based on the principle and expression of combination. (If you stop shooting, you will appear one by one. )

At the same time, it is necessary to properly choose the combination skills such as "melting, thinning, scraping and throwing", pay attention to finding and conceiving the connection factors of the transition of the lens content, and indicate them in the text description of the screen content to attract the attention of the shooting and editing (editing) personnel.

⑤ Consider the rhythm when writing. Using the changes of lens content, scene, shooting speed, combination of length and length, music, sound and other factors, we can create a strong sense of rhythm of the film, or form a slow rhythm of the film, so that the knowledge and content expressed in the film are linked one by one, without slack and continuous lines and ups and downs. The long, short, fast and slow changes of the lens, and the rhythm changes caused by it, are an effective artistic expression technique for the director to guide or force the audience to concentrate and accept the knowledge conveyed by the film. Rhythm is difficult to be reflected in the written manuscript, but in the hands of the director, it should be clearly and concretely reflected in the shooting manuscript, which is one of the artistic attainments that the director should have.

Different types, different objects, choose the appropriate rhythm type.

Both the artistic form and the technique of expression reflect the director's artistic skill. However, the artistry of science education programs should be integrated into science, and its ingenious conception, interesting plot, vivid image, beautiful explanation and unique expression should closely focus on the scientific content.

Of course, it is a very complicated job to strengthen the expressive force of TV teaching materials by artistic means. Giving full play to the expressive force of art to serve the scientificity and teaching of TV teaching materials requires that the director should not only be familiar with the teaching contents and methods, but also have a high artistic accomplishment and apply it to the creation of split-shot manuscripts.

Example 1: scene skill time of mirror number (seconds) picture content explanation music effect 1 45 appears in the title (the fourth group is made) 2 full ||| overlapping 1 4 computer host and its components picture This is a computer host, including power supply, optical drive, motherboard, floppy drive, hard disk and other components. 3 completely overlapping 4 appears in the question mark. How are they installed? Next we will introduce them one by one. 4. Cut completely. 5. Appear the chassis first, and remove the computer chassis shell. 5 full cut 7 5-inch fixed frame logo appears. This is a 5-inch fixed rack, which can install CD-ROM and 5-inch hard disk. 6 full cut 7 3-inch fixed frame logo appears. This is a 3-inch fixed rack. It can be used to fix small floppy drives and 3-inch hard disks. 7. All signs of power support are displayed. This is a power bracket, which is used to fix the power supply. 8. cut all 7. The backplane is used to fix the motherboard. We call it back plate 9. Cut all seven. The notch on the back of the chassis is used to fix the motherboard. Under the print port and mouse port, we install 10. Subtitle: The host appears in the background when installing the power supply, and the power supply screen appears in the foreground. Step 1 Install the power supply 1 1, and the Install Power Supply screen appears. Place the power supply on the fixed frame. Align the screw hole 12, cut out the picture of screwing on the screw, and screw on the screw 13, overlapping 10. Subtitle: Install floppy drive, hard drive and CD-ROM drive appear in the background. Install the floppy drive in the second step of the host, cut out the picture of installing the CD-ROM drive on the hard disk and CD-ROM drive 14, and install the CD-ROM drive on a 5-inch bracket. Keep the front of the CD-ROM drive flush with the chassis panel 15. Cut off 6 where 16 appears on the optical disk drive. Cut a picture of 5 screws. Fix with screw 17. Install the small floppy drive on the 3-inch bracket. Cut 5 pictures of installing floppy drive. Keep the front of the CD-ROM drive flush with the chassis panel 19. Close shot 5. Screw in the picture. Fix it with screws. 20. Complete overlap. Subtitle: The host appears in the background of hard disk installation. The picture of the hard disk appears. Under it, you need to install the hard disk 2 1. The full cut 6 appears at the position where the hard disk bracket 22 closes the cut 5. Insert the hard disk into the bracket, pay attention to the direction and keep the hard disk face up. The interface part faces away from the panel 23, cut the picture of the screwed screw, and then fix the screw 24. Subtitle: Install the motherboard, and the motherboard picture will appear. The fourth step is to install the motherboard 25 and cut out the picture of the installed cpu. The cpu and memory on the motherboard must be installed first. Cut the picture of the installed memory. Full cut 6 shows that the motherboard has 5-7 screw holes. 7 shows that the motherboard has many screw holes. Select the appropriate hole to match the motherboard, tighten the fixing screws on the motherboard, and then carefully put the motherboard on it. Pay attention to the keyboard port and mouse port of the motherboard. The parallel port is aligned with the blocking line hole on the back of the chassis. 28 closely overlap. 5 The picture of screwing the screws is tightened in turn. 29 completely overlap. Subtitle: The picture of plugging in the power cord and data cord appears. Plug in the power and data cables. 30 all cut. 20 pictures of the main board appear. There are many slots on the motherboard. Various function cards can only work when inserted into these slots. This is isa slot, which is generally used to connect network cards, sound cards, agp slots, cpu slots, cpu slots and memory slots. There are many interfaces for inserting memory chips on the motherboard. If this is the power cord connector, it is used to connect the power cord. This is the data line interface, which is used to connect the data line 3 1. The screen for plugging in the motherboard power cord appears. First plug in the motherboard power cord, and pay attention to the direction of power supply when connecting. 32. Plug in the picture of the power cord of the hard disk, optical drive and floppy drive, and then connect the power cord of the hard disk, optical drive and floppy drive. Cut it all off. Introduce the picture of floppy drive data cable. Next, we connect the data cable. First of all, we connect the data cable of floppy drive, which is generally divided into three sections: A, B, C, B and C. Section A and B are used to connect one end of the motherboard. Connect the floppy drive 34 in section C closely. 9 Connect the floppy drive cable with the ide port of the motherboard, and pay attention to the corresponding color line, so that there will be no mistakes. 35 Cut 8 into the screen of the hard disk data cable, and then connect the hard disk data cable. It is also divided into three interfaces, which are connected with the ide ports of the host, hard disk and CD-ROM respectively. Close shot 7 Connect the picture of the hard disk data cable to the motherboard first, then to the CD-ROM drive, and finally to the hard disk 37. Subtitle: Install the video card and sound card.

Background Host Step 6: Install the video card and sound card. Close shot 8 pictures of installing video cards and sound cards. As mentioned above, insert the sound card into this isa slot. 39 Close-up 4 screw pictures are fixed with screws. Close shot 6 Connect the cd audio cable between the optical drive and the sound card. Don't forget to connect the cd audio cable between the optical drive and the sound card. Pay attention to the direction, otherwise it will only be mono sound. 4 If there are other function cards, you can insert them as usual. 4 1 You can cut and connect the pictures of various switch reset keys and indicator lights. Next, we connect all kinds of switch reset keys and indicator lights of the main chassis to the motherboard. These connecting wires are all written with their own names, corresponding to the pins of the motherboard. Corresponding to the insertion, the screen of the whole machine (including monitor, mouse, etc. ) will appear. Finally, cover the chassis and install the main engine. Example 2: the number of mirrors, scene separation skills, time picture explanation, audio music notes, panoramic rocking 13 "bookshelf, computer desk, computer, window, football hanging on the wall, bed and table full of things. Let's go into Jerry's room and feel his room. Attention, everyone: What plane figures are there in the room? What are the geometric figures? The shooting point of the little piano song "Dedicated to Alice" is the 2 "bookshelf in front of the house. Let's look at the books on the 3 "shelf first. What geometry is this? Close-up of a Christmas hat on a 4-5-inch bookshelf. What geometry is this? 5 A window that rotates 5 inches from the middle to the near. What is the plane figure here? 6 medium to near shake the 5-inch computer. What geometry is there? What is the plane figure here? 7 Close-up 5-inch monitor How many polygons is this? 8 Medium to close to shaking a 5-inch wall. What geometry is there? 9 Close-up of 10 "fan on the wall. What geometry is this? What plane graphics are there? 10 5 football close-up on the wall. What geometry is this? 1 1 medium to near shake 7 "bed. What geometry is there? What is the plane figure here? 12 Close-up 5 "Neatly folded quilt. What geometry is this? 13 7 "What geometry is there on the desktop? What is the plane figure here? 14 close-up 5 "angular pen holder What geometry is this? 15 5 inch pen holder mouth close-up. What kind of plane figure is this? 16 close-up 5 "pen holder profile. What is this plan? 17 close-up 5 "a tube of transparent glue. What geometry is this? 18 close-up of 5-inch transparent rubber nozzle. What kind of plane figure is this? 19 Close-up 5 "trigonometric ruler What geometry is this? Close-up of the front of 20 5-inch triangular ruler. What kind of plane figure is this? 2 1 Close-up of a 5-inch triangular ruler. What kind of plane figure is this? 22 Close-up 5 "What geometry book is this? 23 panorama shake 10 "Jerry's room. Think back, what geometric planes and geometries have you just learned? big