Why is Japan the only country in the world with mature hybrid technology of oil and electricity?

Don't underestimate the "island country". Although the land area is small, Japan is in a leading position in many fields. Not only automobiles, but also the research and application of steel industry, electronic technology, biotechnology, new materials and semiconductor technology in Japan are developed, and the automobile industry is no exception. Japan's scientific and technological development also has a certain relationship with its early emphasis on education.

Hybrid cars have to mention Toyota, which is the most mature hybrid car at present. Although Honda's hybrid is equally excellent, after all, the time to market is short, and the long-term effect has yet to be tested by the market. Toyota has put hybrid cars on the market since 1995. Up to now, the global sales have already broken100000, and the reputation is good. This is also the reason why Toyota is the first hybrid. It came out early and can stand the test of the market.

In fact, the hybrid car was not invented by Toyota at first, but Toyota is the manufacturer that carried forward the hybrid car. The predecessor of hybrid electric vehicle is actually electric vehicle. Electric vehicles are all the rage at 1900, which is clean and pollution-free, easy to drive and does not need complicated gear shifting operation. At that time, cars, whether steam engines or internal combustion engines, were noisy, dirty, smelly and difficult to start. Although the cruising range of electric vehicles is insufficient, they still have certain advantages over cars. The first pure electric car was Ferdinand? Mr. Porsche made it at 1900. Yes, he is the founder of Porsche. Ferdinand of 1896? Mr Porsche invented the "hub motor".

The invention of hub motor has obviously promoted the progress of electric vehicles. Since then, electric vehicles have stepped onto the historical stage, so the hub motor of that year was also authorized by British patents. In the following two years, lohner Porsche: the first electric car came out. This car is driven by the front wheels and equipped with two 3 horsepower hub motors. The car is powered by 74 lead-acid batteries, with a total weight of about 1.8 tons and a speed of 14km/h, which is slower than a carriage. Nevertheless, electric cars are all the rage because they are easy to drive and clean.

Subsequently, Porsche launched a four-wheel drive version of lohner Porsche according to customer needs. Considering the power consumption and power problems, not only two hub motors are added, but also two gasoline engines are added to generate electricity. This is the earliest prototype of a hybrid car. However, the popularity of electric vehicles is only about 30 years. With the development of internal combustion engine technology and the appearance of electric starting, diesel locomotives become easier to start and drive. At this time, the advantages of electric vehicles are getting smaller and smaller, mainly because of the high price. It's twice as fast as a gasoline car and not as fast as a car. Generators are also troublesome and inefficient to use. It is better to directly drive the internal combustion engine of the vehicle to generate electricity. Therefore, electric/hybrid vehicles are gradually replaced by diesel locomotives.

In the 1990s, people began to consider the protection of human beings and the environment, as well as the impact of automobiles on the environment. The Clean Air Act also came out at this time, and high emission standards also prompted automakers to produce more environmentally friendly cars. At that time, the technology of pure electric vehicles was still immature. General motors produced a large number of electric cars for California, and later all of them were recovered. There is no technological breakthrough in electric vehicles, especially batteries, so electric vehicles have once again withdrawn from the historical stage.

Everyone has no countermeasures for electric vehicles, and there is no breakthrough in battery technology. It is difficult for electric vehicles to compete with cars. However, Toyota did not flinch, but took the second place. Because there is no breakthrough in battery technology, a small-capacity battery pack is simply adopted. It can be used when charging, and is equipped with an internal combustion engine to manufacture a hybrid electric vehicle. At that time, other manufacturers were not optimistic about this scheme. After all, it can only save about 2L fuel per 100 km. 2L fuel saving per 100 kilometers did not have much advantage before and after 2000, and the cost and price increased a lot. Compared with fuel vehicles, the price has no advantage and the cost performance is low.

However, Toyota has a unique vision and has been unswervingly developing and manufacturing hybrid vehicles. This is related to the lack of resources in Japan, and all actions are based on cost saving, so saving 2L fuel per 100 kilometers is enough to make Toyota tempted! As a transition, hybrid electric vehicles will be pure electric vehicles in the future. Toyota is not only betting on hybrid cars, but also developing hydrogen-fueled cars. However, Toyota is not a god, nor does it attach importance to the pure electric vehicle market because of the problem of route formulation. In the end, Toyota made up classes crazily in the past two years and began to lay out pure electric vehicles. It is also the reason for OEM GAC EV and BYD batteries.

Honda and Toyota are also in Japan, and the two fields are enemies. Honda naturally doesn't want to see Toyota's hybrid advantage. You know, this is not the time for Honda to follow Toyota, such as CRV. The earliest urban SUV was put into the American market by Toyota and became popular, that is, the first urban SUV: Toyota RAV4, a multifunctional family car and a four-wheel drive recreational vehicle.

Honda also developed CRV after seeing the explosion of RAV4, and CRV has achieved more than RAV4. Therefore, after seeing the success of Toyota's hybrid, Honda will naturally not ignore it, and it is necessary to develop an oil-electric hybrid system. The most reasonable hybrid structure in the world is the planetary gear hybrid system, but it has been patented by Toyota for a long time. Some manufacturers also use complex multi-planet rows to bypass patents, but Honda is dismissive of this and may be forced to help!

Finally, the clutch hybrid power system has been developed in different ways and achieved success. Honda's hybrid system has a simple structure, but its high-speed fuel consumption is lower than that of Toyota, and its low-speed power performance is better, which Toyota also admits. It can be seen that without competition and pressure, there will be no technological development, and it is the technical competition between Toyota and Honda that makes Japan's hybrid technology at the forefront.

Cars were born in Germany, flourished in Europe, and then moved to North America, that is, the United States, and later moved to Japan. So far, cars made in Japan have been sold all over the world. According to the national car sales, Japan produces the most cars in the world. It is such a country that doesn't even have the area of a big province in China. It has amazing learning ability and wealth creation ability, and many aspects are worth learning.

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Nowadays, the automobile trend in the world has gradually moved from the era of internal combustion engine to the era of electric power, which is what we often call new energy vehicles. In fact, new energy was not put forward in recent years, but was born around the 1970s. Although the new energy vehicle was not born in Japan, it is the only country with the most advanced and mature technology in the world. No country can surpass Japan in this technical reserve.

In the 1970s, Japan has applied for numerous patents on new energy sources for automobiles, especially the popular electric vehicles, whether it is a weak hybrid system or a strong plug-in system. Japan is definitely the industry leader in this respect. Many patented technologies of various new energy vehicles made in Japan in the world today came from 1970s and 1980s, all of which were based on the technologies at that time, in order to further improve the performance of vehicles.

Japan's hybrid technology is the best and most mature in the world. Why are Japanese car companies making efforts now?

Presumably this is what many friends want to know. With the continuous development of China's automobile industry in recent ten years, it has started to step on the right track, gained a certain technical foundation of automobile manufacturing, and gradually increased its market share. Domestic automobile manufacturers are also actively preparing for the new energy industry. At present, major domestic automobile companies have their own new energy vehicles, but there are still many problems. As for the quality, it depends on the market evaluation. Then why is the new energy industry of Japanese car companies gradually releasing new energy vehicles until now, but generally speaking, there are fewer models?

Strategically related

When it comes to Japanese cars, everyone has an evaluation, which is easy to drive, good in quality, durable and high in preservation rate. These points support the development of the whole Japanese brand. In recent decades, Japanese cars have gradually occupied the whole world automobile market. Before the financial crisis in 2008, Ford car companies occupied the first automobile brand in the world in terms of production and sales volume, and then closed down due to the financial crisis, which led to the subsequent Japanese Toyota car companies, Honda and Nissan, which followed closely and always made in China. It is these advantages that can support their development to such a huge scale today. Therefore, even if there are many new technologies, Japanese brands are very cautious in their use. I believe everyone knows this very well.

The influence of domestic geographical location

As we all know, Japan's geographical position is relatively far north, so Japan as a whole is relatively cold. The weak hybrid system or strong plug-in system used in new energy vehicles, in which the power battery is used, is an extremely important component. This kind of battery likes cold, because the regional heat is very helpful to the electronic activity inside the battery, and the electric loss is very small. On the contrary, if it is located in a cold area, it will have a great impact on the battery. Therefore, Japan has the most complete new energy industry chain in the world, but it lacks a market, because the climate is not suitable for developing new energy industries. The rise of new energy industry has just begun in the past decade. Is it clear in the industry that they are generally cautious about these cautious world brands?

The domestic demand for the environment is getting higher and higher. At the same time, relevant laws and regulations on environmental protection have been formulated. In addition, with the maturity of the automobile market, Japanese car companies have seen more hopes about the new energy industry and will naturally gradually exert their strength. Although they have no first-Mover advantage, they are completely ahead of us in technical reserves, so in the past two years, we will gradually see Japanese car companies launch new energy vehicles.

Let's take a look at how Toyota dominates hybrid electric technology.

Toyota is the first automobile manufacturer to start developing hybrid electric technology.

Affected by the oil crisis in the 1970s,

1993, Toyota formally established G2 1 hybrid technology research and development project team.

1In August 1997, Toyota successfully developed the world's first hybrid system THS(Toyota Hybrid System).

1997 65438+In February, Toyota launched the world's first mass-produced hybrid Prius.

……,

At present, the number of Toyota hybrid vehicles in the world has exceeded130,000.

There are two kinds of hybrids in the world, one is Toyota hybrid, and the other is other hybrids.

If this car circle is circulated,

This not only shows that Toyota is strong in hybrid electric technology,

At the same time, it also shows Toyota's monopoly on hybrid technology.

Because of its first-Mover advantage in hybrid technology,

There are more than 30,000 patents in the technical field of hybrid electric power.

Through patent application, Toyota has built a nearly perfect patent protection wall in the field of hybrid electric technology.

It can be said that after Toyota,

As long as the hybrid technology is studied, it is impossible to completely avoid Toyota's patent interception.

First, seize the first-Mover advantage with its precise vision,

Establish strict patent barriers through first-Mover advantage,

Form technical barriers with patent barriers,

Successfully suppressed the technology research and development of other automobile manufacturers.

Finally, the technology monopoly in the field of oil-electricity mixing will be realized.

No need to plug in, no need to charge separately, and no need to change the habit of using ordinary fuel vehicles.

Toyota hybrid is indeed the most convenient and practical hybrid of oil and electricity.

Toyota's hybrid technology has been strictly protected by patents, and the planetary gears are perfectly designed and the machining accuracy is extremely high, which is difficult for other car companies to surpass. At present, although Toyota has partially liberalized this patent, no other car companies have dared to try. Audi has developed this hybrid technology, but it ended in failure. Honda's hybrid technology takes a different approach, and its structure and principle are simpler and more effective than Toyota's, but its technical maturity and reliability still need to stand the test of time. Toyota's hybrid technology has reached the fourth generation, and its reliability is beyond doubt.

Japan's hybrid electric technology is relatively advanced in the world, which is related to the strategic trend of Japanese cars. As we all know, compared with American cars, Japanese cars pursue fuel economy. In order to achieve good fuel economy, they constantly study and explore fuel consumption, so Japanese cars constantly update their internal combustion engines. Japanese cars, led by Mazda and Toyota, have achieved 50% thermal efficiency by continuously optimizing the compression ratio of the engine, and Skyacti-X engine has achieved 50% thermal efficiency by increasing the air-fuel ratio to 36.8: 1. Toyota and Honda have also embarked on a hybrid route.

Toyota's THS hybrid technology and Honda's I-MMD technology.

In the hybrid market, Toyota can be said to be a well-deserved "mixed oil brother". As early as 1997, Toyota introduced its hybrid system Prius to the market. After more than 20 years of development, the global sales of Toyota hybrid vehicles have exceeded 5 million. After continuous development, Toyota's THS hybrid system is the second generation, which is very efficient and stable. At present, Camry, Lei Ling and Corolla are all equipped in China. In this hybrid system, the engine drives the driving motor to work, and the generator also does work. When the engine does not need to provide high power, the energy generated by the engine will be stored in the storage battery for recovery, and the energy will be further recovered during braking. These recovered energy can be used as driving force to drive the vehicle at low speed, acceleration or uniform speed, so as to realize the electric energy circulation in the vehicle and reduce the fuel consumption of the vehicle. The fuel consumption of the Camry regular version is 6.0L, and that of the hybrid version is about 4. 1.

Because Toyota is too strong in hybrid, even if Honda faces Toyota, there are too many patents and technologies that can't be bypassed, but how can Honda, the home of technology, compromise? Honda's I-MMD hybrid technology consists of an engine, a generator and a drive motor. At low speed, the vehicle stretches out and is driven by the motor. At medium and high speed, it is directly driven by the engine and has only one first-class reducer. This system requires high motor power and high engine speed at high speed. At present, Accord and CR-V are equipped with this technology.

The mature hybrid technology of Japanese car companies is related to their strategic direction and environment. For a period of time, they constantly pursued fuel economy, encountered bottlenecks in traditional internal combustion engines, and turned to hybrid routes.

In today's world, the source of science and technology, basic and essential research can be in the hands of capitalist countries! Japanese hybrid cars are really doing well! And our country for the so-called new energy vehicles, for the so-called overtaking in corners, what pure electric vehicles! How are we doing? Is there a breakthrough in technology? Is there a qualitative flight? It can be said that the new energy vehicle battery will be broken if no new materials are found, and it is impossible to expect the current material technology to break through the Arabian Nights! That's because we overestimate ourselves and underestimate capitalism! What we need most now is pragmatism, learning the essence of capitalist science and technology first, and then overtaking in corners! Otherwise, we can't even surpass Russia!

Japan is not the only country in the world with mature hybrid technology of oil and electricity. For example, Hyundai Motor is not bad in this respect.

Let's take the modern NIRO as an example. This car adopts Kappa 1.6 GDI engine and high-efficiency permanent magnet motor as parallel hybrid power system. 1.6L engine adopts Atkinson cycle technology, and its thermal efficiency is as high as 40%. The maximum comprehensive output power of the system is 103kW, the peak torque is 265nm, the acceleration per 100km is 1 1.5s, and the comprehensive fuel consumption per 100km is 4.2L.

The stability of this car is also good. NIRO topped the annual ranking of automobile reliability in American Consumer Reports in 20 17.

At the beginning of this year, it was also reported that Hyundai Motor was developing a brand-new model called "Halo". It will adopt a hybrid system, and its competitors are locked in Polestar 1 of the plug-in hybrid system.

Of course, in terms of overall strength, Japan's overall strength in hybrid electric technology is stronger.

As a leader in this field, Toyota has sold more than 5 million hybrid vehicles worldwide in the past 20 years. Honda does not show weakness in the hybrid field. 1997, IMA hybrid system was released and installed on the J-VX concept car. This hybrid system has also been applied to Civic, Accord and Acura.

And to say why everyone has an advantage in Japan's hybrid electric power, it is because they have established strong technical barriers. For example, Toyota's patents related to hybrid vehicles cover core technologies such as motors, power conversion devices and batteries.

In April this year, Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan announced that it would open patents related to hybrid vehicles. Before that, everyone knew that Toyota had about 20,000 patents on hybrid cars, which was huge.

In a word, Japan is not the only country with mature hybrid technology in the world, but it has accumulated the most in this respect. Moreover, with the development of plug-in and pure electric technology and the inclination of policy, it is not smooth for hybrid electric vehicles to further expand their markets.

It's like learning China's calligraphy or typing first. Everyone knows that the former is a good thing, but learning to type is still a priority. Everyone didn't play with the wind, and over time, they formed the impression that "only Japan has mature hybrid technology".

It's boring to watch everyone blow around like this.

In fact, this is a choice of technical path and a dispute of technical route.

Japanese Sanjie and Honda Toyota betting hybrid technology.

For many years, Nissan has been cooperating with Renault. This road is sometimes European and sometimes Japanese.

So far, judging from the products and actions of major manufacturers,

European and American countries bet on pure electric vehicles, while China manufacturers walk on two legs. Two areas in Japan chose the hybrid route many years ago, while Japanese and Korean manufacturers are still making efforts in the field of hydrogen energy.

Strangely, however, there was a news introduction two days ago. Japan and South Korea banned the sale of hydrogen-powered cars because of an accident.

However, there are still some people boasting about hydrogen energy online.

I just want to know, who will the Japanese and Korean hydrogen energy vehicles be sold to?

Japan's hybrid technology is not very good either, just better. (Shanghainese beg NBA not to leave)

It is often said that there are only two kinds of hybrid cars in the world, one is Toyota and the other is others. It can be seen that Toyota's position in the field of hybrid vehicles. To be honest, Toyota's hybrid is really good. Honda and Toyota are comparable, and Honda's hybrid is also excellent. Even Toyota will admit that Honda's hybrid has surpassed Toyota.

Why the hybrid technology between Toyota and Honda in Japan is so powerful is actually from their perspective. As early as more than 30 years ago, Toyota began to develop hybrid vehicles and applied for more than 300 patents. It can be seen that the forward-looking of Japanese cars is still very good. It is precisely because of its long-term vision that Toyota Honda can be so excellent in the hybrid field.

Because Japanese cars entered the field of hybrid cars earlier and applied for too many patents, other car companies had no choice. Toyota Honda's hybrid is really tough and has no friends. It is precisely because Toyota Honda has applied for too many patents that other car companies have to switch to plug-in hybrids.

We can see German cars and cars of our own brands, most of which are plug-in hybrids. In fact, it is a last resort to avoid Toyota Honda patents. Personally, I think it is more suitable for plugging in, so it is very practical and convenient.

If car companies want to have long-term development, they must have a long-term vision. Overtaking in corners is almost impossible and not so easy. In addition to long-term vision, car companies must also invest heavily in technology. Car companies without technology have no core competitiveness.

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